fix: add error msg if well known config url cannot be fetched

README.md

@@ -132,7 +132,7 @@ It's very similar to Claude Code in terms of capability. Here are the key differ
 
 - 100% open source
 - Not coupled to any provider. Although we recommend the models we provide through [OpenCode Zen](https://opencode.ai/zen), OpenCode can be used with Claude, OpenAI, Google, or even local models. As models evolve, the gaps between them will close and pricing will drop, so being provider-agnostic is important.
-- Out-of-the-box LSP support
+- Built-in opt-in LSP support
 - A focus on TUI. OpenCode is built by neovim users and the creators of [terminal.shop](https://terminal.shop); we are going to push the limits of what's possible in the terminal.
 - A client/server architecture. This, for example, can allow OpenCode to run on your computer while you drive it remotely from a mobile app, meaning that the TUI frontend is just one of the possible clients.
 

bun.lock

@@ -715,7 +715,7 @@
     "dompurify": "3.3.1",
     "drizzle-kit": "1.0.0-beta.19-d95b7a4",
     "drizzle-orm": "1.0.0-beta.19-d95b7a4",
-    "effect": "4.0.0-beta.57",
+    "effect": "4.0.0-beta.59",
     "fuzzysort": "3.1.0",
     "hono": "4.10.7",
     "hono-openapi": "1.1.2",
@@ -3078,7 +3078,7 @@
 
     "ee-first": ["ee-first@1.1.1", "", {}, "sha512-WMwm9LhRUo+WUaRN+vRuETqG89IgZphVSNkdFgeb6sS/E4OrDIN7t48CAewSHXc6C8lefD8KKfr5vY61brQlow=="],
 
-    "effect": ["effect@4.0.0-beta.57", "", { "dependencies": { "@standard-schema/spec": "^1.1.0", "fast-check": "^4.6.0", "find-my-way-ts": "^0.1.6", "ini": "^6.0.0", "kubernetes-types": "^1.30.0", "msgpackr": "^1.11.9", "multipasta": "^0.2.7", "toml": "^4.1.1", "uuid": "^13.0.0", "yaml": "^2.8.3" } }, "sha512-rg32VgXnLKaPRs9tbRDaZ5jxmzNY7ojXt85gSHGUTwdlbWH5Ik+OCUY2q14TXliygPGoHwCAvNWS4bQJOqf00g=="],
+    "effect": ["effect@4.0.0-beta.59", "", { "dependencies": { "@standard-schema/spec": "^1.1.0", "fast-check": "^4.6.0", "find-my-way-ts": "^0.1.6", "ini": "^6.0.0", "kubernetes-types": "^1.30.0", "msgpackr": "^1.11.9", "multipasta": "^0.2.7", "toml": "^4.1.1", "uuid": "^13.0.0", "yaml": "^2.8.3" } }, "sha512-xyUDLeHSe8d6lWGOvR6Fgn2HL6gYeTZ/S4Jzk9uc4ZUxMPPsNZlNXrvk0C7/utQFzeX7uAWcVnG2BjbA0SRoAA=="],
 
     "ejs": ["ejs@3.1.10", "", { "dependencies": { "jake": "^10.8.5" }, "bin": { "ejs": "bin/cli.js" } }, "sha512-UeJmFfOrAQS8OJWPZ4qtgHyWExa088/MtK5UEyoJGFH67cDEXkZSviOiKRCZ4Xij0zxI3JECgYs3oKx+AizQBA=="],
 

nix/hashes.json

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 {
   "nodeModules": {
-    "x86_64-linux": "sha256-SLWRe4uPSRWgU+NPa1BywmrUtNVIC0Oy2mjmxclxk+s=",
-    "aarch64-linux": "sha256-toHEeIqMzrmThoV0B52juGKm4pa/aJN3gBFFtrSZp2Q=",
-    "aarch64-darwin": "sha256-lYUsUxq5zR2RXjqZTEdjduOncnlwvTlxDJVKWXJuKPY=",
-    "x86_64-darwin": "sha256-77XmuEYqGwb1mkEHfnghq1VtukFTneohA0FW6WDOk1U="
+    "x86_64-linux": "sha256-9wTDLZsuGjkWyVOb6AG2VRYPiaSj/lnXwVkSwNeDcns=",
+    "aarch64-linux": "sha256-gmKlL2fQxY8bo+//8m9e1TNYJK3RXa4i8xsgtd046bc=",
+    "aarch64-darwin": "sha256-ENSJK+7rZi3m342mjtGg9N0P6zWEypXMpI7QdFMydbc=",
+    "x86_64-darwin": "sha256-gkxCxGh5dlwj03vZdz20pbiAwFEDpAlu/5iU8cwZOGI="
   }
 }

package.json

@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@
       "dompurify": "3.3.1",
       "drizzle-kit": "1.0.0-beta.19-d95b7a4",
       "drizzle-orm": "1.0.0-beta.19-d95b7a4",
-      "effect": "4.0.0-beta.57",
+      "effect": "4.0.0-beta.59",
       "ai": "6.0.168",
       "cross-spawn": "7.0.6",
       "hono": "4.10.7",

packages/core/src/flag/flag.ts

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import { Config } from "effect"
+import { InstallationChannel } from "../installation/version"
 
 function truthy(key: string) {
   const value = process.env[key]?.toLowerCase()
@@ -10,6 +11,10 @@ function falsy(key: string) {
   return value === "false" || value === "0"
 }
 
+// Channels that default to the new effect-httpapi server backend. The legacy
+// hono backend remains the default for stable (`prod`/`latest`) installs.
+const HTTPAPI_DEFAULT_ON_CHANNELS = new Set(["dev", "beta", "local"])
+
 function number(key: string) {
   const value = process.env[key]
   if (!value) return undefined
@@ -81,8 +86,16 @@ export const Flag = {
   OPENCODE_STRICT_CONFIG_DEPS: truthy("OPENCODE_STRICT_CONFIG_DEPS"),
 
   OPENCODE_WORKSPACE_ID: process.env["OPENCODE_WORKSPACE_ID"],
-  OPENCODE_EXPERIMENTAL_HTTPAPI: truthy("OPENCODE_EXPERIMENTAL_HTTPAPI"),
+  // Defaults to true on dev/beta/local channels so internal users exercise the
+  // new effect-httpapi server backend. Stable (`prod`/`latest`) installs stay
+  // on the legacy hono backend until the rollout is complete. An explicit env
+  // var ("true"/"1" or "false"/"0") always wins, providing an opt-in for
+  // stable users and an escape hatch for dev/beta users.
+  OPENCODE_EXPERIMENTAL_HTTPAPI:
+    truthy("OPENCODE_EXPERIMENTAL_HTTPAPI") ||
+    (!falsy("OPENCODE_EXPERIMENTAL_HTTPAPI") && HTTPAPI_DEFAULT_ON_CHANNELS.has(InstallationChannel)),
   OPENCODE_EXPERIMENTAL_WORKSPACES: OPENCODE_EXPERIMENTAL || truthy("OPENCODE_EXPERIMENTAL_WORKSPACES"),
+  OPENCODE_EXPERIMENTAL_EVENT_SYSTEM: OPENCODE_EXPERIMENTAL || truthy("OPENCODE_EXPERIMENTAL_EVENT_SYSTEM"),
 
   // Evaluated at access time (not module load) because tests, the CLI, and
   // external tooling set these env vars at runtime.

packages/core/src/util/log.ts

@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+export * as Log from "./log"
+
 import path from "path"
 import fs from "fs/promises"
 import { createWriteStream } from "fs"

packages/desktop-electron/src/renderer/webview-zoom.ts

@@ -26,13 +26,20 @@ const applyZoom = (next: number) => {
 window.addEventListener("keydown", (event) => {
   if (!(OS_NAME === "macos" ? event.metaKey : event.ctrlKey)) return
 
-  let newZoom = webviewZoom()
-
-  if (event.key === "-") newZoom -= 0.2
-  if (event.key === "=" || event.key === "+") newZoom += 0.2
-  if (event.key === "0") newZoom = 1
-
-  applyZoom(clamp(newZoom))
+  if (event.key === "-") {
+    event.preventDefault()
+    applyZoom(clamp(webviewZoom() - 0.2))
+    return
+  }
+  if (event.key === "=" || event.key === "+") {
+    event.preventDefault()
+    applyZoom(clamp(webviewZoom() + 0.2))
+    return
+  }
+  if (event.key === "0") {
+    event.preventDefault()
+    applyZoom(1)
+  }
 })
 
 export { webviewZoom }

packages/opencode/migration/20260427172553_slow_nightmare/migration.sql

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+CREATE TABLE `session_message` (
+	`id` text PRIMARY KEY,
+	`session_id` text NOT NULL,
+	`type` text NOT NULL,
+	`time_created` integer NOT NULL,
+	`time_updated` integer NOT NULL,
+	`data` text NOT NULL,
+	CONSTRAINT `fk_session_message_session_id_session_id_fk` FOREIGN KEY (`session_id`) REFERENCES `session`(`id`) ON DELETE CASCADE
+);
+--> statement-breakpoint
+DROP INDEX IF EXISTS `session_entry_session_idx`;--> statement-breakpoint
+DROP INDEX IF EXISTS `session_entry_session_type_idx`;--> statement-breakpoint
+DROP INDEX IF EXISTS `session_entry_time_created_idx`;--> statement-breakpoint
+CREATE INDEX `session_message_session_idx` ON `session_message` (`session_id`);--> statement-breakpoint
+CREATE INDEX `session_message_session_type_idx` ON `session_message` (`session_id`,`type`);--> statement-breakpoint
+CREATE INDEX `session_message_time_created_idx` ON `session_message` (`time_created`);--> statement-breakpoint
+DROP TABLE `session_entry`;

packages/opencode/migration/20260428004200_add_session_path/snapshot.json

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
   "version": "7",
   "dialect": "sqlite",
   "id": "aaa2ebeb-caa4-478d-8365-4fc595d16856",
-  "prevIds": ["66cbe0d7-def0-451b-b88a-7608513a9b44"],
+  "prevIds": ["61f807f9-6398-4067-be05-804acc2561bc"],
   "ddl": [
     {
       "name": "account_state",
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@
       "entityType": "tables"
     },
     {
-      "name": "session_entry",
+      "name": "session_message",
       "entityType": "tables"
     },
     {
@@ -598,7 +598,7 @@
       "generated": null,
       "name": "id",
       "entityType": "columns",
-      "table": "session_entry"
+      "table": "session_message"
     },
     {
       "type": "text",
@@ -608,7 +608,7 @@
       "generated": null,
       "name": "session_id",
       "entityType": "columns",
-      "table": "session_entry"
+      "table": "session_message"
     },
     {
       "type": "text",
@@ -618,7 +618,7 @@
       "generated": null,
       "name": "type",
       "entityType": "columns",
-      "table": "session_entry"
+      "table": "session_message"
     },
     {
       "type": "integer",
@@ -628,7 +628,7 @@
       "generated": null,
       "name": "time_created",
       "entityType": "columns",
-      "table": "session_entry"
+      "table": "session_message"
     },
     {
       "type": "integer",
@@ -638,7 +638,7 @@
       "generated": null,
       "name": "time_updated",
       "entityType": "columns",
-      "table": "session_entry"
+      "table": "session_message"
     },
     {
       "type": "text",
@@ -648,7 +648,7 @@
       "generated": null,
       "name": "data",
       "entityType": "columns",
-      "table": "session_entry"
+      "table": "session_message"
     },
     {
       "type": "text",
@@ -1112,9 +1112,9 @@
       "onUpdate": "NO ACTION",
       "onDelete": "CASCADE",
       "nameExplicit": false,
-      "name": "fk_session_entry_session_id_session_id_fk",
+      "name": "fk_session_message_session_id_session_id_fk",
       "entityType": "fks",
-      "table": "session_entry"
+      "table": "session_message"
     },
     {
       "columns": ["project_id"],
@@ -1226,8 +1226,8 @@
     {
       "columns": ["id"],
       "nameExplicit": false,
-      "name": "session_entry_pk",
-      "table": "session_entry",
+      "name": "session_message_pk",
+      "table": "session_message",
       "entityType": "pks"
     },
     {
@@ -1322,9 +1322,9 @@
       "isUnique": false,
       "where": null,
       "origin": "manual",
-      "name": "session_entry_session_idx",
+      "name": "session_message_session_idx",
       "entityType": "indexes",
-      "table": "session_entry"
+      "table": "session_message"
     },
     {
       "columns": [
@@ -1340,9 +1340,9 @@
       "isUnique": false,
       "where": null,
       "origin": "manual",
-      "name": "session_entry_session_type_idx",
+      "name": "session_message_session_type_idx",
       "entityType": "indexes",
-      "table": "session_entry"
+      "table": "session_message"
     },
     {
       "columns": [
@@ -1354,9 +1354,9 @@
       "isUnique": false,
       "where": null,
       "origin": "manual",
-      "name": "session_entry_time_created_idx",
+      "name": "session_message_time_created_idx",
       "entityType": "indexes",
-      "table": "session_entry"
+      "table": "session_message"
     },
     {
       "columns": [

packages/opencode/migration/20260501142318_next_venus/migration.sql

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+ALTER TABLE `session` ADD `agent` text;--> statement-breakpoint
+ALTER TABLE `session` ADD `model` text;

packages/opencode/script/build.ts

@@ -61,6 +61,7 @@ const createEmbeddedWebUIBundle = async () => {
   await $`bun run --cwd ${appDir} build`
   const files = (await Array.fromAsync(new Bun.Glob("**/*").scan({ cwd: dist })))
     .map((file) => file.replaceAll("\\", "/"))
+    .filter((file) => !file.endsWith(".map"))
     .sort()
   const imports = files.map((file, i) => {
     const spec = path.relative(dir, path.join(dist, file)).replaceAll("\\", "/")

packages/opencode/src/acp/agent.ts

@@ -51,6 +51,7 @@ import { LoadAPIKeyError } from "ai"
 import type { AssistantMessage, Event, OpencodeClient, SessionMessageResponse, ToolPart } from "@opencode-ai/sdk/v2"
 import { applyPatch } from "diff"
 import { InstallationVersion } from "@opencode-ai/core/installation/version"
+import { ShellID } from "@/tool/shell/id"
 
 type ModeOption = { id: string; name: string; description?: string }
 type ModelOption = { modelId: string; name: string }
@@ -129,7 +130,7 @@ async function sendUsageUpdate(
     })
 }
 
-export async function init({ sdk: _sdk }: { sdk: OpencodeClient }) {
+export function init({ sdk: _sdk }: { sdk: OpencodeClient }) {
   return {
     create: (connection: AgentSideConnection, fullConfig: ACPConfig) => {
       return new Agent(connection, fullConfig)
@@ -144,7 +145,7 @@ export class Agent implements ACPAgent {
   private sessionManager: ACPSessionManager
   private eventAbort = new AbortController()
   private eventStarted = false
-  private bashSnapshots = new Map<string, string>()
+  private shellSnapshots = new Map<string, string>()
   private toolStarts = new Set<string>()
   private permissionQueues = new Map<string, Promise<void>>()
   private permissionOptions: PermissionOption[] = [
@@ -283,16 +284,16 @@ export class Agent implements ACPAgent {
 
           switch (part.state.status) {
             case "pending":
-              this.bashSnapshots.delete(part.callID)
+              this.shellSnapshots.delete(part.callID)
               return
 
             case "running":
-              const output = this.bashOutput(part)
+              const output = this.shellOutput(part)
               const content: ToolCallContent[] = []
               if (output) {
                 const hash = Hash.fast(output)
-                if (part.tool === "bash") {
-                  if (this.bashSnapshots.get(part.callID) === hash) {
+                if (part.tool === ShellID.ToolID) {
+                  if (this.shellSnapshots.get(part.callID) === hash) {
                     await this.connection
                       .sessionUpdate({
                         sessionId,
@@ -311,7 +312,7 @@ export class Agent implements ACPAgent {
                       })
                     return
                   }
-                  this.bashSnapshots.set(part.callID, hash)
+                  this.shellSnapshots.set(part.callID, hash)
                 }
                 content.push({
                   type: "content",
@@ -342,7 +343,7 @@ export class Agent implements ACPAgent {
 
             case "completed": {
               this.toolStarts.delete(part.callID)
-              this.bashSnapshots.delete(part.callID)
+              this.shellSnapshots.delete(part.callID)
               const kind = toToolKind(part.tool)
               const content: ToolCallContent[] = [
                 {
@@ -423,7 +424,7 @@ export class Agent implements ACPAgent {
             }
             case "error":
               this.toolStarts.delete(part.callID)
-              this.bashSnapshots.delete(part.callID)
+              this.shellSnapshots.delete(part.callID)
               await this.connection
                 .sessionUpdate({
                   sessionId,
@@ -837,10 +838,10 @@ export class Agent implements ACPAgent {
         await this.toolStart(sessionId, part)
         switch (part.state.status) {
           case "pending":
-            this.bashSnapshots.delete(part.callID)
+            this.shellSnapshots.delete(part.callID)
             break
           case "running":
-            const output = this.bashOutput(part)
+            const output = this.shellOutput(part)
             const runningContent: ToolCallContent[] = []
             if (output) {
               runningContent.push({
@@ -871,7 +872,7 @@ export class Agent implements ACPAgent {
             break
           case "completed":
             this.toolStarts.delete(part.callID)
-            this.bashSnapshots.delete(part.callID)
+            this.shellSnapshots.delete(part.callID)
             const kind = toToolKind(part.tool)
             const content: ToolCallContent[] = [
               {
@@ -951,7 +952,7 @@ export class Agent implements ACPAgent {
             break
           case "error":
             this.toolStarts.delete(part.callID)
-            this.bashSnapshots.delete(part.callID)
+            this.shellSnapshots.delete(part.callID)
             await this.connection
               .sessionUpdate({
                 sessionId,
@@ -1105,8 +1106,8 @@ export class Agent implements ACPAgent {
     }
   }
 
-  private bashOutput(part: ToolPart) {
-    if (part.tool !== "bash") return
+  private shellOutput(part: ToolPart) {
+    if (part.tool !== ShellID.ToolID) return
     if (!("metadata" in part.state) || !part.state.metadata || typeof part.state.metadata !== "object") return
     const output = part.state.metadata["output"]
     if (typeof output !== "string") return
@@ -1549,9 +1550,11 @@ export class Agent implements ACPAgent {
 
 function toToolKind(toolName: string): ToolKind {
   const tool = toolName.toLocaleLowerCase()
+
   switch (tool) {
-    case "bash":
+    case ShellID.ToolID:
       return "execute"
+
     case "webfetch":
       return "fetch"
 
@@ -1576,6 +1579,7 @@ function toToolKind(toolName: string): ToolKind {
 
 function toLocations(toolName: string, input: Record<string, any>): { path: string }[] {
   const tool = toolName.toLocaleLowerCase()
+
   switch (tool) {
     case "read":
     case "edit":
@@ -1584,7 +1588,7 @@ function toLocations(toolName: string, input: Record<string, any>): { path: stri
     case "glob":
     case "grep":
       return input["path"] ? [{ path: input["path"] }] : []
-    case "bash":
+    case ShellID.ToolID:
       return []
     default:
       return []

packages/opencode/src/bus/bus-event.ts

@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@ export function payloads() {
     .map(([type, def]) => {
       return z
         .object({
+          id: z.string(),
           type: z.literal(type),
           properties: zodObject(def.properties),
         })
@@ -39,6 +40,7 @@ export function effectPayloads() {
     .entries()
     .map(([type, def]) =>
       Schema.Struct({
+        id: Schema.String,
         type: Schema.Literal(type),
         properties: def.properties,
       }).annotate({ identifier: `Event.${type}` }),

packages/opencode/src/bus/global.ts

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import { EventEmitter } from "events"
+import { Identifier } from "@/id/id"
 
 export type GlobalEvent = {
   directory?: string
@@ -7,6 +8,15 @@ export type GlobalEvent = {
   payload: any
 }
 
-export const GlobalBus = new EventEmitter<{
+class GlobalBusEmitter extends EventEmitter<{
   event: [GlobalEvent]
-}>()
+}> {
+  override emit(eventName: "event", event: GlobalEvent): boolean {
+    if (event.payload && typeof event.payload === "object" && !("id" in event.payload)) {
+      event.payload.id = event.payload.syncEvent?.id ?? Identifier.create("evt", "ascending")
+    }
+    return super.emit(eventName, event)
+  }
+}
+
+export const GlobalBus = new GlobalBusEmitter()

packages/opencode/src/bus/index.ts

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ import { BusEvent } from "./bus-event"
 import { GlobalBus } from "./global"
 import { InstanceState } from "@/effect/instance-state"
 import { makeRuntime } from "@/effect/run-service"
+import { Identifier } from "@/id/id"
 
 const log = Log.create({ service: "bus" })
 
@@ -18,6 +19,7 @@ export const InstanceDisposed = BusEvent.define(
 )
 
 type Payload<D extends BusEvent.Definition = BusEvent.Definition> = {
+  id: string
   type: D["type"]
   properties: BusProperties<D>
 }
@@ -28,7 +30,11 @@ type State = {
 }
 
 export interface Interface {
-  readonly publish: <D extends BusEvent.Definition>(def: D, properties: BusProperties<D>) => Effect.Effect<void>
+  readonly publish: <D extends BusEvent.Definition>(
+    def: D,
+    properties: BusProperties<D>,
+    options?: { id?: string },
+  ) => Effect.Effect<void>
   readonly subscribe: <D extends BusEvent.Definition>(def: D) => Stream.Stream<Payload<D>>
   readonly subscribeAll: () => Stream.Stream<Payload>
   readonly subscribeCallback: <D extends BusEvent.Definition>(
@@ -53,6 +59,7 @@ export const layer = Layer.effect(
             // Publish InstanceDisposed before shutting down so subscribers see it
             yield* PubSub.publish(wildcard, {
               type: InstanceDisposed.type,
+              id: createID(),
               properties: { directory: ctx.directory },
             })
             yield* PubSub.shutdown(wildcard)
@@ -77,10 +84,10 @@ export const layer = Layer.effect(
       })
     }
 
-    function publish<D extends BusEvent.Definition>(def: D, properties: BusProperties<D>) {
+    function publish<D extends BusEvent.Definition>(def: D, properties: BusProperties<D>, options?: { id?: string }) {
       return Effect.gen(function* () {
         const s = yield* InstanceState.get(state)
-        const payload: Payload = { type: def.type, properties }
+        const payload: Payload = { id: options?.id ?? createID(), type: def.type, properties }
         log.info("publishing", { type: def.type })
 
         const ps = s.typed.get(def.type)
@@ -173,8 +180,16 @@ const { runPromise, runSync } = makeRuntime(Service, layer)
 
 // runSync is safe here because the subscribe chain (InstanceState.get, PubSub.subscribe,
 // Scope.make, Effect.forkScoped) is entirely synchronous. If any step becomes async, this will throw.
-export async function publish<D extends BusEvent.Definition>(def: D, properties: BusProperties<D>) {
-  return runPromise((svc) => svc.publish(def, properties))
+export function createID() {
+  return Identifier.create("evt", "ascending")
+}
+
+export async function publish<D extends BusEvent.Definition>(
+  def: D,
+  properties: BusProperties<D>,
+  options?: { id?: string },
+) {
+  return runPromise((svc) => svc.publish(def, properties, options))
 }
 
 export function subscribe<D extends BusEvent.Definition>(def: D, callback: (event: Payload<D>) => unknown) {

packages/opencode/src/cli/bootstrap.ts

@@ -1,17 +1,16 @@
 import { Instance } from "../project/instance"
-import { InstanceStore } from "../project/instance-store"
-import { getBootstrapRunEffect } from "../effect/app-runtime"
+import { InstanceRuntime } from "../project/instance-runtime"
+import { WithInstance } from "../project/with-instance"
 
 export async function bootstrap<T>(directory: string, cb: () => Promise<T>) {
-  return Instance.provide({
+  return WithInstance.provide({
     directory,
-    init: await getBootstrapRunEffect(),
     fn: async () => {
       try {
         const result = await cb()
         return result
       } finally {
-        await InstanceStore.disposeInstance(Instance.current)
+        await InstanceRuntime.disposeInstance(Instance.current)
       }
     },
   })

packages/opencode/src/cli/cmd/account.ts

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import { Duration, Effect, Match, Option } from "effect"
 import { UI } from "../ui"
 import { Account } from "@/account/account"
 import { AccountID, OrgID, PollExpired, type PollResult, type AccountError } from "@/account/schema"
-import { AppRuntime } from "@/effect/app-runtime"
+import { effectCmd } from "../effect-cmd"
 import * as Prompt from "../effect/prompt"
 import open from "open"
 
@@ -172,60 +172,65 @@ const openEffect = Effect.fn("open")(function* () {
   yield* Prompt.outro("Opened " + url)
 })
 
-export const LoginCommand = cmd({
+export const LoginCommand = effectCmd({
   command: "login <url>",
   describe: false,
+  instance: false,
   builder: (yargs) =>
     yargs.positional("url", {
       describe: "server URL",
       type: "string",
       demandOption: true,
     }),
-  async handler(args) {
+  handler: Effect.fn("Cli.account.login")(function* (args) {
     UI.empty()
-    await AppRuntime.runPromise(loginEffect(args.url))
-  },
+    yield* Effect.orDie(loginEffect(args.url))
+  }),
 })
 
-export const LogoutCommand = cmd({
+export const LogoutCommand = effectCmd({
   command: "logout [email]",
   describe: false,
+  instance: false,
   builder: (yargs) =>
     yargs.positional("email", {
       describe: "account email to log out from",
       type: "string",
     }),
-  async handler(args) {
+  handler: Effect.fn("Cli.account.logout")(function* (args) {
     UI.empty()
-    await AppRuntime.runPromise(logoutEffect(args.email))
-  },
+    yield* Effect.orDie(logoutEffect(args.email))
+  }),
 })
 
-export const SwitchCommand = cmd({
+export const SwitchCommand = effectCmd({
   command: "switch",
   describe: false,
-  async handler() {
+  instance: false,
+  handler: Effect.fn("Cli.account.switch")(function* () {
     UI.empty()
-    await AppRuntime.runPromise(switchEffect())
-  },
+    yield* Effect.orDie(switchEffect())
+  }),
 })
 
-export const OrgsCommand = cmd({
+export const OrgsCommand = effectCmd({
   command: "orgs",
   describe: false,
-  async handler() {
+  instance: false,
+  handler: Effect.fn("Cli.account.orgs")(function* () {
     UI.empty()
-    await AppRuntime.runPromise(orgsEffect())
-  },
+    yield* Effect.orDie(orgsEffect())
+  }),
 })
 
-export const OpenCommand = cmd({
+export const OpenCommand = effectCmd({
   command: "open",
   describe: false,
-  async handler() {
+  instance: false,
+  handler: Effect.fn("Cli.account.open")(function* () {
     UI.empty()
-    await AppRuntime.runPromise(openEffect())
-  },
+    yield* Effect.orDie(openEffect())
+  }),
 })
 
 export const ConsoleCommand = cmd({

packages/opencode/src/cli/cmd/acp.ts

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import * as Log from "@opencode-ai/core/util/log"
-import { bootstrap } from "../bootstrap"
-import { cmd } from "./cmd"
+import { Effect } from "effect"
+import { effectCmd } from "../effect-cmd"
 import { AgentSideConnection, ndJsonStream } from "@agentclientprotocol/sdk"
 import { ACP } from "@/acp/agent"
 import { Server } from "@/server/server"
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ import { withNetworkOptions, resolveNetworkOptions } from "../network"
 
 const log = Log.create({ service: "acp-command" })
 
-export const AcpCommand = cmd({
+export const AcpCommand = effectCmd({
   command: "acp",
   describe: "start ACP (Agent Client Protocol) server",
   builder: (yargs) => {
@@ -19,52 +19,53 @@ export const AcpCommand = cmd({
       default: process.cwd(),
     })
   },
-  handler: async (args) => {
+  handler: Effect.fn("Cli.acp")(function* (args) {
     process.env.OPENCODE_CLIENT = "acp"
-    await bootstrap(process.cwd(), async () => {
-      const opts = await resolveNetworkOptions(args)
-      const server = await Server.listen(opts)
+    const opts = yield* Effect.promise(() => resolveNetworkOptions(args))
+    const server = yield* Effect.promise(() => Server.listen(opts))
 
-      const sdk = createOpencodeClient({
-        baseUrl: `http://${server.hostname}:${server.port}`,
-      })
-
-      const input = new WritableStream<Uint8Array>({
-        write(chunk) {
-          return new Promise<void>((resolve, reject) => {
-            process.stdout.write(chunk, (err) => {
-              if (err) {
-                reject(err)
-              } else {
-                resolve()
-              }
-            })
-          })
-        },
-      })
-      const output = new ReadableStream<Uint8Array>({
-        start(controller) {
-          process.stdin.on("data", (chunk: Buffer) => {
-            controller.enqueue(new Uint8Array(chunk))
-          })
-          process.stdin.on("end", () => controller.close())
-          process.stdin.on("error", (err) => controller.error(err))
-        },
-      })
-
-      const stream = ndJsonStream(input, output)
-      const agent = await ACP.init({ sdk })
-
-      new AgentSideConnection((conn) => {
-        return agent.create(conn, { sdk })
-      }, stream)
-
-      log.info("setup connection")
-      process.stdin.resume()
-      await new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
-        process.stdin.on("end", resolve)
-        process.stdin.on("error", reject)
-      })
+    const sdk = createOpencodeClient({
+      baseUrl: `http://${server.hostname}:${server.port}`,
     })
-  },
+
+    const input = new WritableStream<Uint8Array>({
+      write(chunk) {
+        return new Promise<void>((resolve, reject) => {
+          process.stdout.write(chunk, (err) => {
+            if (err) {
+              reject(err)
+            } else {
+              resolve()
+            }
+          })
+        })
+      },
+    })
+    const output = new ReadableStream<Uint8Array>({
+      start(controller) {
+        process.stdin.on("data", (chunk: Buffer) => {
+          controller.enqueue(new Uint8Array(chunk))
+        })
+        process.stdin.on("end", () => controller.close())
+        process.stdin.on("error", (err) => controller.error(err))
+      },
+    })
+
+    const stream = ndJsonStream(input, output)
+    const agent = ACP.init({ sdk })
+
+    new AgentSideConnection((conn) => {
+      return agent.create(conn, { sdk })
+    }, stream)
+
+    log.info("setup connection")
+    process.stdin.resume()
+    yield* Effect.promise(
+      () =>
+        new Promise<void>((resolve, reject) => {
+          process.stdin.on("end", () => resolve())
+          process.stdin.on("error", reject)
+        }),
+    )
+  }),
 })

packages/opencode/src/cli/cmd/agent.ts

@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
 import { cmd } from "./cmd"
 import * as prompts from "@clack/prompts"
-import { AppRuntime } from "@/effect/app-runtime"
 import { UI } from "../ui"
 import { Global } from "@opencode-ai/core/global"
 import { Agent } from "../../agent/agent"
@@ -9,9 +8,11 @@ import path from "path"
 import fs from "fs/promises"
 import { Filesystem } from "@/util/filesystem"
 import matter from "gray-matter"
-import { Instance } from "../../project/instance"
+import { InstanceRef } from "@/effect/instance-ref"
 import { EOL } from "os"
 import type { Argv } from "yargs"
+import { Effect } from "effect"
+import { effectCmd } from "../effect-cmd"
 
 type AgentMode = "all" | "primary" | "subagent"
 
@@ -32,7 +33,7 @@ const AVAILABLE_PERMISSIONS = [
   "skill",
 ]
 
-const AgentCreateCommand = cmd({
+const AgentCreateCommand = effectCmd({
   command: "create",
   describe: "create a new agent",
   builder: (yargs: Argv) =>
@@ -60,200 +61,191 @@ const AgentCreateCommand = cmd({
         alias: ["m"],
         describe: "model to use in the format of provider/model",
       }),
-  async handler(args) {
-    await Instance.provide({
-      directory: process.cwd(),
-      async fn() {
-        const cliPath = args.path
-        const cliDescription = args.description
-        const cliMode = args.mode as AgentMode | undefined
-        const perms = args.permissions
+  handler: Effect.fn("Cli.agent.create")(function* (args) {
+    const maybeCtx = yield* InstanceRef
+    if (!maybeCtx) return yield* Effect.die("InstanceRef not provided")
+    const ctx = maybeCtx
+    const agentSvc = yield* Agent.Service
+    yield* Effect.promise(async () => {
+      const cliPath = args.path
+      const cliDescription = args.description
+      const cliMode = args.mode as AgentMode | undefined
+      const perms = args.permissions
 
-        const isFullyNonInteractive = cliPath && cliDescription && cliMode && perms !== undefined
+      const isFullyNonInteractive = cliPath && cliDescription && cliMode && perms !== undefined
 
-        if (!isFullyNonInteractive) {
-          UI.empty()
-          prompts.intro("Create agent")
-        }
+      if (!isFullyNonInteractive) {
+        UI.empty()
+        prompts.intro("Create agent")
+      }
 
-        const project = Instance.project
+      const project = ctx.project
 
-        // Determine scope/path
-        let targetPath: string
-        if (cliPath) {
-          targetPath = path.join(cliPath, "agent")
-        } else {
-          let scope: "global" | "project" = "global"
-          if (project.vcs === "git") {
-            const scopeResult = await prompts.select({
-              message: "Location",
-              options: [
-                {
-                  label: "Current project",
-                  value: "project" as const,
-                  hint: Instance.worktree,
-                },
-                {
-                  label: "Global",
-                  value: "global" as const,
-                  hint: Global.Path.config,
-                },
-              ],
-            })
-            if (prompts.isCancel(scopeResult)) throw new UI.CancelledError()
-            scope = scopeResult
-          }
-          targetPath = path.join(
-            scope === "global" ? Global.Path.config : path.join(Instance.worktree, ".opencode"),
-            "agent",
-          )
-        }
-
-        // Get description
-        let description: string
-        if (cliDescription) {
-          description = cliDescription
-        } else {
-          const query = await prompts.text({
-            message: "Description",
-            placeholder: "What should this agent do?",
-            validate: (x) => (x && x.length > 0 ? undefined : "Required"),
-          })
-          if (prompts.isCancel(query)) throw new UI.CancelledError()
-          description = query
-        }
-
-        // Generate agent
-        const spinner = prompts.spinner()
-        spinner.start("Generating agent configuration...")
-        const model = args.model ? Provider.parseModel(args.model) : undefined
-        const generated = await AppRuntime.runPromise(
-          Agent.Service.use((svc) => svc.generate({ description, model })),
-        ).catch((error) => {
-          spinner.stop(`LLM failed to generate agent: ${error.message}`, 1)
-          if (isFullyNonInteractive) process.exit(1)
-          throw new UI.CancelledError()
-        })
-        spinner.stop(`Agent ${generated.identifier} generated`)
-
-        // Select permissions to allow
-        let selected: string[]
-        if (perms !== undefined) {
-          selected = perms ? perms.split(",").map((t) => t.trim()) : AVAILABLE_PERMISSIONS
-        } else {
-          const result = await prompts.multiselect({
-            message: "Select permissions to allow (Space to toggle)",
-            options: AVAILABLE_PERMISSIONS.map((permission) => ({
-              label: permission,
-              value: permission,
-            })),
-            initialValues: AVAILABLE_PERMISSIONS,
-          })
-          if (prompts.isCancel(result)) throw new UI.CancelledError()
-          selected = result
-        }
-
-        // Get mode
-        let mode: AgentMode
-        if (cliMode) {
-          mode = cliMode
-        } else {
-          const modeResult = await prompts.select({
-            message: "Agent mode",
+      // Determine scope/path
+      let targetPath: string
+      if (cliPath) {
+        targetPath = path.join(cliPath, "agent")
+      } else {
+        let scope: "global" | "project" = "global"
+        if (project.vcs === "git") {
+          const scopeResult = await prompts.select({
+            message: "Location",
             options: [
               {
-                label: "All",
-                value: "all" as const,
-                hint: "Can function in both primary and subagent roles",
+                label: "Current project",
+                value: "project" as const,
+                hint: ctx.worktree,
               },
               {
-                label: "Primary",
-                value: "primary" as const,
-                hint: "Acts as a primary/main agent",
-              },
-              {
-                label: "Subagent",
-                value: "subagent" as const,
-                hint: "Can be used as a subagent by other agents",
+                label: "Global",
+                value: "global" as const,
+                hint: Global.Path.config,
               },
             ],
-            initialValue: "all" as const,
           })
-          if (prompts.isCancel(modeResult)) throw new UI.CancelledError()
-          mode = modeResult
+          if (prompts.isCancel(scopeResult)) throw new UI.CancelledError()
+          scope = scopeResult
         }
+        targetPath = path.join(scope === "global" ? Global.Path.config : path.join(ctx.worktree, ".opencode"), "agent")
+      }
 
-        // Build permissions config — deny anything not explicitly selected.
-        const permissions: Record<string, "deny"> = {}
-        for (const permission of AVAILABLE_PERMISSIONS) {
-          if (!selected.includes(permission)) {
-            permissions[permission] = "deny"
-          }
+      // Get description
+      let description: string
+      if (cliDescription) {
+        description = cliDescription
+      } else {
+        const query = await prompts.text({
+          message: "Description",
+          placeholder: "What should this agent do?",
+          validate: (x) => (x && x.length > 0 ? undefined : "Required"),
+        })
+        if (prompts.isCancel(query)) throw new UI.CancelledError()
+        description = query
+      }
+
+      // Generate agent
+      const spinner = prompts.spinner()
+      spinner.start("Generating agent configuration...")
+      const model = args.model ? Provider.parseModel(args.model) : undefined
+      const generated = await Effect.runPromise(agentSvc.generate({ description, model })).catch((error) => {
+        spinner.stop(`LLM failed to generate agent: ${error.message}`, 1)
+        if (isFullyNonInteractive) process.exit(1)
+        throw new UI.CancelledError()
+      })
+      spinner.stop(`Agent ${generated.identifier} generated`)
+
+      // Select permissions to allow
+      let selected: string[]
+      if (perms !== undefined) {
+        selected = perms ? perms.split(",").map((t) => t.trim()) : AVAILABLE_PERMISSIONS
+      } else {
+        const result = await prompts.multiselect({
+          message: "Select permissions to allow (Space to toggle)",
+          options: AVAILABLE_PERMISSIONS.map((permission) => ({
+            label: permission,
+            value: permission,
+          })),
+          initialValues: AVAILABLE_PERMISSIONS,
+        })
+        if (prompts.isCancel(result)) throw new UI.CancelledError()
+        selected = result
+      }
+
+      // Get mode
+      let mode: AgentMode
+      if (cliMode) {
+        mode = cliMode
+      } else {
+        const modeResult = await prompts.select({
+          message: "Agent mode",
+          options: [
+            {
+              label: "All",
+              value: "all" as const,
+              hint: "Can function in both primary and subagent roles",
+            },
+            {
+              label: "Primary",
+              value: "primary" as const,
+              hint: "Acts as a primary/main agent",
+            },
+            {
+              label: "Subagent",
+              value: "subagent" as const,
+              hint: "Can be used as a subagent by other agents",
+            },
+          ],
+          initialValue: "all" as const,
+        })
+        if (prompts.isCancel(modeResult)) throw new UI.CancelledError()
+        mode = modeResult
+      }
+
+      // Build permissions config — deny anything not explicitly selected.
+      const permissions: Record<string, "deny"> = {}
+      for (const permission of AVAILABLE_PERMISSIONS) {
+        if (!selected.includes(permission)) {
+          permissions[permission] = "deny"
         }
+      }
 
-        // Build frontmatter
-        const frontmatter: {
-          description: string
-          mode: AgentMode
-          permission?: Record<string, "deny">
-        } = {
-          description: generated.whenToUse,
-          mode,
-        }
-        if (Object.keys(permissions).length > 0) {
-          frontmatter.permission = permissions
-        }
+      // Build frontmatter
+      const frontmatter: {
+        description: string
+        mode: AgentMode
+        permission?: Record<string, "deny">
+      } = {
+        description: generated.whenToUse,
+        mode,
+      }
+      if (Object.keys(permissions).length > 0) {
+        frontmatter.permission = permissions
+      }
 
-        // Write file
-        const content = matter.stringify(generated.systemPrompt, frontmatter)
-        const filePath = path.join(targetPath, `${generated.identifier}.md`)
+      // Write file
+      const content = matter.stringify(generated.systemPrompt, frontmatter)
+      const filePath = path.join(targetPath, `${generated.identifier}.md`)
 
-        await fs.mkdir(targetPath, { recursive: true })
-
-        if (await Filesystem.exists(filePath)) {
-          if (isFullyNonInteractive) {
-            console.error(`Error: Agent file already exists: ${filePath}`)
-            process.exit(1)
-          }
-          prompts.log.error(`Agent file already exists: ${filePath}`)
-          throw new UI.CancelledError()
-        }
-
-        await Filesystem.write(filePath, content)
+      await fs.mkdir(targetPath, { recursive: true })
 
+      if (await Filesystem.exists(filePath)) {
         if (isFullyNonInteractive) {
-          console.log(filePath)
-        } else {
-          prompts.log.success(`Agent created: ${filePath}`)
-          prompts.outro("Done")
+          console.error(`Error: Agent file already exists: ${filePath}`)
+          process.exit(1)
         }
-      },
+        prompts.log.error(`Agent file already exists: ${filePath}`)
+        throw new UI.CancelledError()
+      }
+
+      await Filesystem.write(filePath, content)
+
+      if (isFullyNonInteractive) {
+        console.log(filePath)
+      } else {
+        prompts.log.success(`Agent created: ${filePath}`)
+        prompts.outro("Done")
+      }
     })
-  },
+  }),
 })
 
-const AgentListCommand = cmd({
+const AgentListCommand = effectCmd({
   command: "list",
   describe: "list all available agents",
-  async handler() {
-    await Instance.provide({
-      directory: process.cwd(),
-      async fn() {
-        const agents = await AppRuntime.runPromise(Agent.Service.use((svc) => svc.list()))
-        const sortedAgents = agents.sort((a, b) => {
-          if (a.native !== b.native) {
-            return a.native ? -1 : 1
-          }
-          return a.name.localeCompare(b.name)
-        })
-
-        for (const agent of sortedAgents) {
-          process.stdout.write(`${agent.name} (${agent.mode})` + EOL)
-          process.stdout.write(`  ${JSON.stringify(agent.permission, null, 2)}` + EOL)
-        }
-      },
+  handler: Effect.fn("Cli.agent.list")(function* () {
+    const agents = yield* Agent.Service.use((svc) => svc.list())
+    const sortedAgents = agents.sort((a, b) => {
+      if (a.native !== b.native) {
+        return a.native ? -1 : 1
+      }
+      return a.name.localeCompare(b.name)
     })
-  },
+
+    for (const agent of sortedAgents) {
+      process.stdout.write(`${agent.name} (${agent.mode})` + EOL)
+      process.stdout.write(`  ${JSON.stringify(agent.permission, null, 2)}` + EOL)
+    }
+  }),
 })
 
 export const AgentCommand = cmd({

packages/opencode/src/cli/cmd/cmd.ts

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import type { CommandModule } from "yargs"
 
-type WithDoubleDash<T> = T & { "--"?: string[] }
+export type WithDoubleDash<T> = T & { "--"?: string[] }
 
 export function cmd<T, U>(input: CommandModule<T, WithDoubleDash<U>>) {
   return input

packages/opencode/src/cli/cmd/debug/agent.ts

@@ -7,14 +7,13 @@ import { Session } from "@/session/session"
 import type { MessageV2 } from "../../../session/message-v2"
 import { MessageID, PartID } from "../../../session/schema"
 import { ToolRegistry } from "@/tool/registry"
-import { Instance } from "../../../project/instance"
 import { Permission } from "../../../permission"
 import { iife } from "../../../util/iife"
-import { bootstrap } from "../../bootstrap"
-import { cmd } from "../cmd"
-import { AppRuntime } from "@/effect/app-runtime"
+import { effectCmd, fail } from "../../effect-cmd"
+import { InstanceRef } from "@/effect/instance-ref"
+import type { InstanceContext } from "@/project/instance"
 
-export const AgentCommand = cmd({
+export const AgentCommand = effectCmd({
   command: "agent <name>",
   describe: "show agent configuration details",
   builder: (yargs) =>
@@ -32,60 +31,60 @@ export const AgentCommand = cmd({
         type: "string",
         description: "Tool params as JSON or a JS object literal",
       }),
-  async handler(args) {
-    await bootstrap(process.cwd(), async () => {
-      const agentName = args.name as string
-      const agent = await AppRuntime.runPromise(Agent.Service.use((svc) => svc.get(agentName)))
-      if (!agent) {
-        process.stderr.write(
-          `Agent ${agentName} not found, run '${basename(process.execPath)} agent list' to get an agent list` + EOL,
-        )
-        process.exit(1)
-      }
-      const availableTools = await getAvailableTools(agent)
-      const resolvedTools = await resolveTools(agent, availableTools)
-      const toolID = args.tool as string | undefined
-      if (toolID) {
-        const tool = availableTools.find((item) => item.id === toolID)
-        if (!tool) {
-          process.stderr.write(`Tool ${toolID} not found for agent ${agentName}` + EOL)
-          process.exit(1)
-        }
-        if (resolvedTools[toolID] === false) {
-          process.stderr.write(`Tool ${toolID} is disabled for agent ${agentName}` + EOL)
-          process.exit(1)
-        }
-        const params = parseToolParams(args.params as string | undefined)
-        const ctx = await createToolContext(agent)
-        const result = await tool.execute(params, ctx)
-        process.stdout.write(JSON.stringify({ tool: toolID, input: params, result }, null, 2) + EOL)
-        return
-      }
-
-      const output = {
-        ...agent,
-        tools: resolvedTools,
-      }
-      process.stdout.write(JSON.stringify(output, null, 2) + EOL)
-    })
-  },
+  handler: Effect.fn("Cli.debug.agent")(function* (args) {
+    const ctx = yield* InstanceRef
+    if (!ctx) return
+    return yield* run(args, ctx)
+  }),
 })
 
-async function getAvailableTools(agent: Agent.Info) {
-  return AppRuntime.runPromise(
-    Effect.gen(function* () {
-      const provider = yield* Provider.Service
-      const registry = yield* ToolRegistry.Service
-      const model = agent.model ?? (yield* provider.defaultModel())
-      return yield* registry.tools({
-        ...model,
-        agent,
-      })
-    }),
-  )
-}
+const run = Effect.fn("Cli.debug.agent.body")(function* (
+  args: { name: string; tool?: string; params?: string },
+  ctx: InstanceContext,
+) {
+  const agentName = args.name
+  const agent = yield* Agent.Service.use((svc) => svc.get(agentName))
+  if (!agent) {
+    process.stderr.write(
+      `Agent ${agentName} not found, run '${basename(process.execPath)} agent list' to get an agent list` + EOL,
+    )
+    return yield* fail("", 1)
+  }
+  const availableTools = yield* getAvailableTools(agent)
+  const resolvedTools = resolveTools(agent, availableTools)
+  const toolID = args.tool
+  if (toolID) {
+    const tool = availableTools.find((item) => item.id === toolID)
+    if (!tool) {
+      process.stderr.write(`Tool ${toolID} not found for agent ${agentName}` + EOL)
+      return yield* fail("", 1)
+    }
+    if (resolvedTools[toolID] === false) {
+      process.stderr.write(`Tool ${toolID} is disabled for agent ${agentName}` + EOL)
+      return yield* fail("", 1)
+    }
+    const params = parseToolParams(args.params)
+    const toolCtx = yield* createToolContext(agent, ctx)
+    const result = yield* tool.execute(params, toolCtx)
+    process.stdout.write(JSON.stringify({ tool: toolID, input: params, result }, null, 2) + EOL)
+    return
+  }
 
-async function resolveTools(agent: Agent.Info, availableTools: Awaited<ReturnType<typeof getAvailableTools>>) {
+  const output = {
+    ...agent,
+    tools: resolvedTools,
+  }
+  process.stdout.write(JSON.stringify(output, null, 2) + EOL)
+})
+
+const getAvailableTools = Effect.fn("Cli.debug.agent.getAvailableTools")(function* (agent: Agent.Info) {
+  const provider = yield* Provider.Service
+  const registry = yield* ToolRegistry.Service
+  const model = agent.model ?? (yield* provider.defaultModel())
+  return yield* registry.tools({ ...model, agent })
+})
+
+function resolveTools(agent: Agent.Info, availableTools: { id: string }[]) {
   const disabled = Permission.disabled(
     availableTools.map((tool) => tool.id),
     agent.permission,
@@ -123,50 +122,38 @@ function parseToolParams(input?: string) {
   return parsed as Record<string, unknown>
 }
 
-async function createToolContext(agent: Agent.Info) {
-  const { session, messageID } = await AppRuntime.runPromise(
-    Effect.gen(function* () {
-      const session = yield* Session.Service
-      const result = yield* session.create({ title: `Debug tool run (${agent.name})` })
-      const messageID = MessageID.ascending()
-      const model = agent.model
-        ? agent.model
-        : yield* Effect.gen(function* () {
-            const provider = yield* Provider.Service
-            return yield* provider.defaultModel()
-          })
-      const now = Date.now()
-      const message: MessageV2.Assistant = {
-        id: messageID,
-        sessionID: result.id,
-        role: "assistant",
-        time: {
-          created: now,
-        },
-        parentID: messageID,
-        modelID: model.modelID,
-        providerID: model.providerID,
-        mode: "debug",
-        agent: agent.name,
-        path: {
-          cwd: Instance.directory,
-          root: Instance.worktree,
-        },
-        cost: 0,
-        tokens: {
-          input: 0,
-          output: 0,
-          reasoning: 0,
-          cache: {
-            read: 0,
-            write: 0,
-          },
-        },
-      }
-      yield* session.updateMessage(message)
-      return { session: result, messageID }
-    }),
-  )
+const createToolContext = Effect.fn("Cli.debug.agent.createToolContext")(function* (
+  agent: Agent.Info,
+  ctx: InstanceContext,
+) {
+  const sessionSvc = yield* Session.Service
+  const session = yield* sessionSvc.create({ title: `Debug tool run (${agent.name})` })
+  const messageID = MessageID.ascending()
+  const model = agent.model
+    ? agent.model
+    : yield* Effect.gen(function* () {
+        const provider = yield* Provider.Service
+        return yield* provider.defaultModel()
+      })
+  const now = Date.now()
+  const message: MessageV2.Assistant = {
+    id: messageID,
+    sessionID: session.id,
+    role: "assistant",
+    time: { created: now },
+    parentID: messageID,
+    modelID: model.modelID,
+    providerID: model.providerID,
+    mode: "debug",
+    agent: agent.name,
+    path: {
+      cwd: ctx.directory,
+      root: ctx.worktree,
+    },
+    cost: 0,
+    tokens: { input: 0, output: 0, reasoning: 0, cache: { read: 0, write: 0 } },
+  }
+  yield* sessionSvc.updateMessage(message)
 
   const ruleset = Permission.merge(agent.permission, session.permission ?? [])
 
@@ -189,4 +176,4 @@ async function createToolContext(agent: Agent.Info) {
       })
     },
   }
-}
+})

packages/opencode/src/cli/cmd/debug/config.ts

@@ -1,17 +1,14 @@
 import { EOL } from "os"
+import { Effect } from "effect"
 import { Config } from "@/config/config"
-import { AppRuntime } from "@/effect/app-runtime"
-import { bootstrap } from "../../bootstrap"
-import { cmd } from "../cmd"
+import { effectCmd } from "../../effect-cmd"
 
-export const ConfigCommand = cmd({
+export const ConfigCommand = effectCmd({
   command: "config",
   describe: "show resolved configuration",
   builder: (yargs) => yargs,
-  async handler() {
-    await bootstrap(process.cwd(), async () => {
-      const config = await AppRuntime.runPromise(Config.Service.use((cfg) => cfg.get()))
-      process.stdout.write(JSON.stringify(config, null, 2) + EOL)
-    })
-  },
+  handler: Effect.fn("Cli.debug.config")(function* () {
+    const config = yield* Config.Service.use((cfg) => cfg.get())
+    process.stdout.write(JSON.stringify(config, null, 2) + EOL)
+  }),
 })

packages/opencode/src/cli/cmd/debug/file.ts

@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
 import { EOL } from "os"
-import { AppRuntime } from "@/effect/app-runtime"
+import { Effect } from "effect"
 import { File } from "../../../file"
 import { Ripgrep } from "@/file/ripgrep"
-import { bootstrap } from "../../bootstrap"
+import { effectCmd } from "../../effect-cmd"
 import { cmd } from "../cmd"
 
-const FileSearchCommand = cmd({
+const FileSearchCommand = effectCmd({
   command: "search <query>",
   describe: "search files by query",
   builder: (yargs) =>
@@ -14,15 +14,13 @@ const FileSearchCommand = cmd({
       demandOption: true,
       description: "Search query",
     }),
-  async handler(args) {
-    await bootstrap(process.cwd(), async () => {
-      const results = await AppRuntime.runPromise(File.Service.use((svc) => svc.search({ query: args.query })))
-      process.stdout.write(results.join(EOL) + EOL)
-    })
-  },
+  handler: Effect.fn("Cli.debug.file.search")(function* (args) {
+    const results = yield* File.Service.use((svc) => svc.search({ query: args.query }))
+    process.stdout.write(results.join(EOL) + EOL)
+  }),
 })
 
-const FileReadCommand = cmd({
+const FileReadCommand = effectCmd({
   command: "read <path>",
   describe: "read file contents as JSON",
   builder: (yargs) =>
@@ -31,27 +29,23 @@ const FileReadCommand = cmd({
       demandOption: true,
       description: "File path to read",
     }),
-  async handler(args) {
-    await bootstrap(process.cwd(), async () => {
-      const content = await AppRuntime.runPromise(File.Service.use((svc) => svc.read(args.path)))
-      process.stdout.write(JSON.stringify(content, null, 2) + EOL)
-    })
-  },
+  handler: Effect.fn("Cli.debug.file.read")(function* (args) {
+    const content = yield* File.Service.use((svc) => svc.read(args.path))
+    process.stdout.write(JSON.stringify(content, null, 2) + EOL)
+  }),
 })
 
-const FileStatusCommand = cmd({
+const FileStatusCommand = effectCmd({
   command: "status",
   describe: "show file status information",
   builder: (yargs) => yargs,
-  async handler() {
-    await bootstrap(process.cwd(), async () => {
-      const status = await AppRuntime.runPromise(File.Service.use((svc) => svc.status()))
-      process.stdout.write(JSON.stringify(status, null, 2) + EOL)
-    })
-  },
+  handler: Effect.fn("Cli.debug.file.status")(function* () {
+    const status = yield* File.Service.use((svc) => svc.status())
+    process.stdout.write(JSON.stringify(status, null, 2) + EOL)
+  }),
 })
 
-const FileListCommand = cmd({
+const FileListCommand = effectCmd({
   command: "list <path>",
   describe: "list files in a directory",
   builder: (yargs) =>
@@ -60,15 +54,13 @@ const FileListCommand = cmd({
       demandOption: true,
       description: "File path to list",
     }),
-  async handler(args) {
-    await bootstrap(process.cwd(), async () => {
-      const files = await AppRuntime.runPromise(File.Service.use((svc) => svc.list(args.path)))
-      process.stdout.write(JSON.stringify(files, null, 2) + EOL)
-    })
-  },
+  handler: Effect.fn("Cli.debug.file.list")(function* (args) {
+    const files = yield* File.Service.use((svc) => svc.list(args.path))
+    process.stdout.write(JSON.stringify(files, null, 2) + EOL)
+  }),
 })
 
-const FileTreeCommand = cmd({
+const FileTreeCommand = effectCmd({
   command: "tree [dir]",
   describe: "show directory tree",
   builder: (yargs) =>
@@ -77,12 +69,10 @@ const FileTreeCommand = cmd({
       description: "Directory to tree",
       default: process.cwd(),
     }),
-  async handler(args) {
-    await bootstrap(process.cwd(), async () => {
-      const tree = await AppRuntime.runPromise(Ripgrep.Service.use((svc) => svc.tree({ cwd: args.dir, limit: 200 })))
-      console.log(JSON.stringify(tree, null, 2))
-    })
-  },
+  handler: Effect.fn("Cli.debug.file.tree")(function* (args) {
+    const tree = yield* Effect.orDie(Ripgrep.Service.use((svc) => svc.tree({ cwd: args.dir, limit: 200 })))
+    console.log(JSON.stringify(tree, null, 2))
+  }),
 })
 
 export const FileCommand = cmd({

packages/opencode/src/cli/cmd/debug/index.ts

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import { Global } from "@opencode-ai/core/global"
-import { bootstrap } from "../../bootstrap"
+import { Duration, Effect } from "effect"
+import { effectCmd } from "../../effect-cmd"
 import { cmd } from "../cmd"
 import { ConfigCommand } from "./config"
 import { FileCommand } from "./file"
@@ -26,19 +27,19 @@ export const DebugCommand = cmd({
       .command(StartupCommand)
       .command(AgentCommand)
       .command(PathsCommand)
-      .command({
-        command: "wait",
-        describe: "wait indefinitely (for debugging)",
-        async handler() {
-          await bootstrap(process.cwd(), async () => {
-            await new Promise((resolve) => setTimeout(resolve, 1_000 * 60 * 60 * 24))
-          })
-        },
-      })
+      .command(WaitCommand)
       .demandCommand(),
   async handler() {},
 })
 
+const WaitCommand = effectCmd({
+  command: "wait",
+  describe: "wait indefinitely (for debugging)",
+  handler: Effect.fn("Cli.debug.wait")(function* () {
+    yield* Effect.sleep(Duration.days(1))
+  }),
+})
+
 const PathsCommand = cmd({
   command: "paths",
   describe: "show global paths (data, config, cache, state)",

packages/opencode/src/cli/cmd/debug/lsp.ts

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 import { LSP } from "@/lsp/lsp"
-import { AppRuntime } from "../../../effect/app-runtime"
 import { Effect } from "effect"
-import { bootstrap } from "../../bootstrap"
+import { effectCmd } from "../../effect-cmd"
 import { cmd } from "../cmd"
 import * as Log from "@opencode-ai/core/util/log"
 import { EOL } from "os"
@@ -14,47 +13,39 @@ export const LSPCommand = cmd({
   async handler() {},
 })
 
-const DiagnosticsCommand = cmd({
+const DiagnosticsCommand = effectCmd({
   command: "diagnostics <file>",
   describe: "get diagnostics for a file",
   builder: (yargs) => yargs.positional("file", { type: "string", demandOption: true }),
-  async handler(args) {
-    await bootstrap(process.cwd(), async () => {
-      const out = await AppRuntime.runPromise(
-        LSP.Service.use((lsp) =>
-          Effect.gen(function* () {
-            yield* lsp.touchFile(args.file, "full")
-            return yield* lsp.diagnostics()
-          }),
-        ),
-      )
-      process.stdout.write(JSON.stringify(out, null, 2) + EOL)
-    })
-  },
+  handler: Effect.fn("Cli.debug.lsp.diagnostics")(function* (args) {
+    const out = yield* LSP.Service.use((lsp) =>
+      Effect.gen(function* () {
+        yield* lsp.touchFile(args.file, "full")
+        return yield* lsp.diagnostics()
+      }),
+    )
+    process.stdout.write(JSON.stringify(out, null, 2) + EOL)
+  }),
 })
 
-export const SymbolsCommand = cmd({
+export const SymbolsCommand = effectCmd({
   command: "symbols <query>",
   describe: "search workspace symbols",
   builder: (yargs) => yargs.positional("query", { type: "string", demandOption: true }),
-  async handler(args) {
-    await bootstrap(process.cwd(), async () => {
-      using _ = Log.Default.time("symbols")
-      const results = await AppRuntime.runPromise(LSP.Service.use((lsp) => lsp.workspaceSymbol(args.query)))
-      process.stdout.write(JSON.stringify(results, null, 2) + EOL)
-    })
-  },
+  handler: Effect.fn("Cli.debug.lsp.symbols")(function* (args) {
+    using _ = Log.Default.time("symbols")
+    const results = yield* LSP.Service.use((lsp) => lsp.workspaceSymbol(args.query))
+    process.stdout.write(JSON.stringify(results, null, 2) + EOL)
+  }),
 })
 
-export const DocumentSymbolsCommand = cmd({
+export const DocumentSymbolsCommand = effectCmd({
   command: "document-symbols <uri>",
   describe: "get symbols from a document",
   builder: (yargs) => yargs.positional("uri", { type: "string", demandOption: true }),
-  async handler(args) {
-    await bootstrap(process.cwd(), async () => {
-      using _ = Log.Default.time("document-symbols")
-      const results = await AppRuntime.runPromise(LSP.Service.use((lsp) => lsp.documentSymbol(args.uri)))
-      process.stdout.write(JSON.stringify(results, null, 2) + EOL)
-    })
-  },
+  handler: Effect.fn("Cli.debug.lsp.documentSymbols")(function* (args) {
+    using _ = Log.Default.time("document-symbols")
+    const results = yield* LSP.Service.use((lsp) => lsp.documentSymbol(args.uri))
+    process.stdout.write(JSON.stringify(results, null, 2) + EOL)
+  }),
 })

packages/opencode/src/cli/cmd/debug/ripgrep.ts

@@ -1,10 +1,9 @@
 import { EOL } from "os"
 import { Effect, Stream } from "effect"
-import { AppRuntime } from "../../../effect/app-runtime"
 import { Ripgrep } from "../../../file/ripgrep"
-import { Instance } from "../../../project/instance"
-import { bootstrap } from "../../bootstrap"
+import { effectCmd } from "../../effect-cmd"
 import { cmd } from "../cmd"
+import { InstanceRef } from "@/effect/instance-ref"
 
 export const RipgrepCommand = cmd({
   command: "rg",
@@ -13,24 +12,22 @@ export const RipgrepCommand = cmd({
   async handler() {},
 })
 
-const TreeCommand = cmd({
+const TreeCommand = effectCmd({
   command: "tree",
   describe: "show file tree using ripgrep",
   builder: (yargs) =>
     yargs.option("limit", {
       type: "number",
     }),
-  async handler(args) {
-    await bootstrap(process.cwd(), async () => {
-      const tree = await AppRuntime.runPromise(
-        Ripgrep.Service.use((svc) => svc.tree({ cwd: Instance.directory, limit: args.limit })),
-      )
-      process.stdout.write(tree + EOL)
-    })
-  },
+  handler: Effect.fn("Cli.debug.rg.tree")(function* (args) {
+    const ctx = yield* InstanceRef
+    if (!ctx) return
+    const tree = yield* Effect.orDie(Ripgrep.Service.use((svc) => svc.tree({ cwd: ctx.directory, limit: args.limit })))
+    process.stdout.write(tree + EOL)
+  }),
 })
 
-const FilesCommand = cmd({
+const FilesCommand = effectCmd({
   command: "files",
   describe: "list files using ripgrep",
   builder: (yargs) =>
@@ -47,29 +44,26 @@ const FilesCommand = cmd({
         type: "number",
         description: "Limit number of results",
       }),
-  async handler(args) {
-    await bootstrap(process.cwd(), async () => {
-      const files = await AppRuntime.runPromise(
-        Effect.gen(function* () {
-          const rg = yield* Ripgrep.Service
-          return yield* rg
-            .files({
-              cwd: Instance.directory,
-              glob: args.glob ? [args.glob] : undefined,
-            })
-            .pipe(
-              Stream.take(args.limit ?? Infinity),
-              Stream.runCollect,
-              Effect.map((c) => [...c]),
-            )
-        }),
+  handler: Effect.fn("Cli.debug.rg.files")(function* (args) {
+    const ctx = yield* InstanceRef
+    if (!ctx) return
+    const rg = yield* Ripgrep.Service
+    const files = yield* rg
+      .files({
+        cwd: ctx.directory,
+        glob: args.glob ? [args.glob] : undefined,
+      })
+      .pipe(
+        Stream.take(args.limit ?? Infinity),
+        Stream.runCollect,
+        Effect.map((c) => [...c]),
+        Effect.orDie,
       )
-      process.stdout.write(files.join(EOL) + EOL)
-    })
-  },
+    process.stdout.write(files.join(EOL) + EOL)
+  }),
 })
 
-const SearchCommand = cmd({
+const SearchCommand = effectCmd({
   command: "search <pattern>",
   describe: "search file contents using ripgrep",
   builder: (yargs) =>
@@ -87,19 +81,19 @@ const SearchCommand = cmd({
         type: "number",
         description: "Limit number of results",
       }),
-  async handler(args) {
-    await bootstrap(process.cwd(), async () => {
-      const results = await AppRuntime.runPromise(
-        Ripgrep.Service.use((svc) =>
-          svc.search({
-            cwd: Instance.directory,
-            pattern: args.pattern,
-            glob: args.glob as string[] | undefined,
-            limit: args.limit,
-          }),
-        ),
-      )
-      process.stdout.write(JSON.stringify(results.items, null, 2) + EOL)
-    })
-  },
+  handler: Effect.fn("Cli.debug.rg.search")(function* (args) {
+    const ctx = yield* InstanceRef
+    if (!ctx) return
+    const results = yield* Effect.orDie(
+      Ripgrep.Service.use((svc) =>
+        svc.search({
+          cwd: ctx.directory,
+          pattern: args.pattern,
+          glob: args.glob as string[] | undefined,
+          limit: args.limit,
+        }),
+      ),
+    )
+    process.stdout.write(JSON.stringify(results.items, null, 2) + EOL)
+  }),
 })

packages/opencode/src/cli/cmd/debug/skill.ts

@@ -1,23 +1,15 @@
 import { EOL } from "os"
 import { Effect } from "effect"
-import { AppRuntime } from "@/effect/app-runtime"
 import { Skill } from "../../../skill"
-import { bootstrap } from "../../bootstrap"
-import { cmd } from "../cmd"
+import { effectCmd } from "../../effect-cmd"
 
-export const SkillCommand = cmd({
+export const SkillCommand = effectCmd({
   command: "skill",
   describe: "list all available skills",
   builder: (yargs) => yargs,
-  async handler() {
-    await bootstrap(process.cwd(), async () => {
-      const skills = await AppRuntime.runPromise(
-        Effect.gen(function* () {
-          const skill = yield* Skill.Service
-          return yield* skill.all()
-        }),
-      )
-      process.stdout.write(JSON.stringify(skills, null, 2) + EOL)
-    })
-  },
+  handler: Effect.fn("Cli.debug.skill")(function* () {
+    const skill = yield* Skill.Service
+    const skills = yield* skill.all()
+    process.stdout.write(JSON.stringify(skills, null, 2) + EOL)
+  }),
 })

packages/opencode/src/cli/cmd/debug/snapshot.ts

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
-import { AppRuntime } from "@/effect/app-runtime"
+import { Effect } from "effect"
 import { Snapshot } from "../../../snapshot"
-import { bootstrap } from "../../bootstrap"
+import { effectCmd } from "../../effect-cmd"
 import { cmd } from "../cmd"
 
 export const SnapshotCommand = cmd({
@@ -10,17 +10,16 @@ export const SnapshotCommand = cmd({
   async handler() {},
 })
 
-const TrackCommand = cmd({
+const TrackCommand = effectCmd({
   command: "track",
   describe: "track current snapshot state",
-  async handler() {
-    await bootstrap(process.cwd(), async () => {
-      console.log(await AppRuntime.runPromise(Snapshot.Service.use((svc) => svc.track())))
-    })
-  },
+  handler: Effect.fn("Cli.debug.snapshot.track")(function* () {
+    const out = yield* Snapshot.Service.use((svc) => svc.track())
+    console.log(out)
+  }),
 })
 
-const PatchCommand = cmd({
+const PatchCommand = effectCmd({
   command: "patch <hash>",
   describe: "show patch for a snapshot hash",
   builder: (yargs) =>
@@ -29,14 +28,13 @@ const PatchCommand = cmd({
       description: "hash",
       demandOption: true,
     }),
-  async handler(args) {
-    await bootstrap(process.cwd(), async () => {
-      console.log(await AppRuntime.runPromise(Snapshot.Service.use((svc) => svc.patch(args.hash))))
-    })
-  },
+  handler: Effect.fn("Cli.debug.snapshot.patch")(function* (args) {
+    const out = yield* Snapshot.Service.use((svc) => svc.patch(args.hash))
+    console.log(out)
+  }),
 })
 
-const DiffCommand = cmd({
+const DiffCommand = effectCmd({
   command: "diff <hash>",
   describe: "show diff for a snapshot hash",
   builder: (yargs) =>
@@ -45,9 +43,8 @@ const DiffCommand = cmd({
       description: "hash",
       demandOption: true,
     }),
-  async handler(args) {
-    await bootstrap(process.cwd(), async () => {
-      console.log(await AppRuntime.runPromise(Snapshot.Service.use((svc) => svc.diff(args.hash))))
-    })
-  },
+  handler: Effect.fn("Cli.debug.snapshot.diff")(function* (args) {
+    const out = yield* Snapshot.Service.use((svc) => svc.diff(args.hash))
+    console.log(out)
+  }),
 })

packages/opencode/src/cli/cmd/export.ts

@@ -1,13 +1,11 @@
-import type { Argv } from "yargs"
 import { Session } from "@/session/session"
 import { MessageV2 } from "../../session/message-v2"
 import { SessionID } from "../../session/schema"
-import { cmd } from "./cmd"
-import { bootstrap } from "../bootstrap"
+import { effectCmd, fail } from "../effect-cmd"
 import { UI } from "../ui"
 import * as prompts from "@clack/prompts"
 import { EOL } from "os"
-import { AppRuntime } from "@/effect/app-runtime"
+import { Effect } from "effect"
 
 function redact(kind: string, id: string, value: string) {
   return value.trim() ? `[redacted:${kind}:${id}]` : value
@@ -220,11 +218,11 @@ function sanitize(data: { info: Session.Info; messages: MessageV2.WithParts[] })
   }
 }
 
-export const ExportCommand = cmd({
+export const ExportCommand = effectCmd({
   command: "export [sessionID]",
   describe: "export session data as JSON",
-  builder: (yargs: Argv) => {
-    return yargs
+  builder: (yargs) =>
+    yargs
       .positional("sessionID", {
         describe: "session id to export",
         type: "string",
@@ -232,72 +230,62 @@ export const ExportCommand = cmd({
       .option("sanitize", {
         describe: "redact sensitive transcript and file data",
         type: "boolean",
-      })
-  },
-  handler: async (args) => {
-    await bootstrap(process.cwd(), async () => {
-      let sessionID = args.sessionID ? SessionID.make(args.sessionID) : undefined
-      process.stderr.write(`Exporting session: ${sessionID ?? "latest"}\n`)
-
-      if (!sessionID) {
-        UI.empty()
-        prompts.intro("Export session", {
-          output: process.stderr,
-        })
-
-        const sessions = await AppRuntime.runPromise(Session.Service.use((svc) => svc.list()))
-
-        if (sessions.length === 0) {
-          prompts.log.error("No sessions found", {
-            output: process.stderr,
-          })
-          prompts.outro("Done", {
-            output: process.stderr,
-          })
-          return
-        }
-
-        sessions.sort((a, b) => b.time.updated - a.time.updated)
-
-        const selectedSession = await prompts.autocomplete({
-          message: "Select session to export",
-          maxItems: 10,
-          options: sessions.map((session) => ({
-            label: session.title,
-            value: session.id,
-            hint: `${new Date(session.time.updated).toLocaleString()} • ${session.id.slice(-8)}`,
-          })),
-          output: process.stderr,
-        })
-
-        if (prompts.isCancel(selectedSession)) {
-          throw new UI.CancelledError()
-        }
-
-        sessionID = selectedSession
-
-        prompts.outro("Exporting session...", {
-          output: process.stderr,
-        })
-      }
-
-      try {
-        const sessionInfo = await AppRuntime.runPromise(Session.Service.use((svc) => svc.get(sessionID!)))
-        const messages = await AppRuntime.runPromise(
-          Session.Service.use((svc) => svc.messages({ sessionID: sessionInfo.id })),
-        )
-
-        const exportData = {
-          info: sessionInfo,
-          messages,
-        }
-
-        process.stdout.write(JSON.stringify(args.sanitize ? sanitize(exportData) : exportData, null, 2))
-        process.stdout.write(EOL)
-      } catch {
-        UI.error(`Session not found: ${sessionID!}`)
-        process.exit(1)
-      }
-    })
-  },
+      }),
+  handler: Effect.fn("Cli.export")(function* (args) {
+    return yield* run(args)
+  }),
+})
+
+const run = Effect.fn("Cli.export.body")(function* (args: { sessionID?: string; sanitize?: boolean }) {
+  const svc = yield* Session.Service
+  let sessionID = args.sessionID ? SessionID.make(args.sessionID) : undefined
+  process.stderr.write(`Exporting session: ${sessionID ?? "latest"}\n`)
+
+  if (!sessionID) {
+    UI.empty()
+    prompts.intro("Export session", { output: process.stderr })
+
+    const sessions = yield* svc.list()
+
+    if (sessions.length === 0) {
+      prompts.log.error("No sessions found", { output: process.stderr })
+      prompts.outro("Done", { output: process.stderr })
+      return
+    }
+
+    sessions.sort((a, b) => b.time.updated - a.time.updated)
+
+    const selectedSession = yield* Effect.promise(() =>
+      prompts.autocomplete({
+        message: "Select session to export",
+        maxItems: 10,
+        options: sessions.map((session) => ({
+          label: session.title,
+          value: session.id,
+          hint: `${new Date(session.time.updated).toLocaleString()} • ${session.id.slice(-8)}`,
+        })),
+        output: process.stderr,
+      }),
+    )
+
+    if (prompts.isCancel(selectedSession)) {
+      return yield* Effect.die(new UI.CancelledError())
+    }
+
+    sessionID = selectedSession
+
+    prompts.outro("Exporting session...", { output: process.stderr })
+  }
+
+  // Match legacy try/catch — catches both typed failures and defects
+  // (Session.Service.get throws NotFoundError as a defect, not a typed E).
+  return yield* Effect.gen(function* () {
+    const sessionInfo = yield* svc.get(sessionID!)
+    const messages = yield* svc.messages({ sessionID: sessionInfo.id })
+
+    const exportData = { info: sessionInfo, messages }
+
+    process.stdout.write(JSON.stringify(args.sanitize ? sanitize(exportData) : exportData, null, 2))
+    process.stdout.write(EOL)
+  }).pipe(Effect.catchCause(() => fail(`Session not found: ${sessionID!}`)))
 })

packages/opencode/src/cli/cmd/github.ts

@@ -18,9 +18,9 @@ import type {
 } from "@octokit/webhooks-types"
 import { UI } from "../ui"
 import { cmd } from "./cmd"
+import { effectCmd } from "../effect-cmd"
 import { ModelsDev } from "@/provider/models"
-import { Instance } from "@/project/instance"
-import { bootstrap } from "../bootstrap"
+import { InstanceRef } from "@/effect/instance-ref"
 import { SessionShare } from "@/share/session"
 import { Session } from "@/session/session"
 import type { SessionID } from "../../session/schema"
@@ -199,191 +199,192 @@ export const GithubCommand = cmd({
   async handler() {},
 })
 
-export const GithubInstallCommand = cmd({
+export const GithubInstallCommand = effectCmd({
   command: "install",
   describe: "install the GitHub agent",
-  async handler() {
-    await Instance.provide({
-      directory: process.cwd(),
-      async fn() {
-        {
-          UI.empty()
-          prompts.intro("Install GitHub agent")
-          const app = await getAppInfo()
-          await installGitHubApp()
+  handler: Effect.fn("Cli.github.install")(function* () {
+    const maybeCtx = yield* InstanceRef
+    if (!maybeCtx) return yield* Effect.die("InstanceRef not provided")
+    const ctx = maybeCtx
+    yield* Effect.promise(async () => {
+      {
+        UI.empty()
+        prompts.intro("Install GitHub agent")
+        const app = await getAppInfo()
+        await installGitHubApp()
 
-          const providers = await AppRuntime.runPromise(ModelsDev.Service.use((s) => s.get())).then((p) => {
-            // TODO: add guide for copilot, for now just hide it
-            delete p["github-copilot"]
-            return p
+        const providers = await AppRuntime.runPromise(ModelsDev.Service.use((s) => s.get())).then((p) => {
+          // TODO: add guide for copilot, for now just hide it
+          delete p["github-copilot"]
+          return p
+        })
+
+        const provider = await promptProvider()
+        const model = await promptModel()
+        //const key = await promptKey()
+
+        await addWorkflowFiles()
+        printNextSteps()
+
+        function printNextSteps() {
+          let step2
+          if (provider === "amazon-bedrock") {
+            step2 =
+              "Configure OIDC in AWS - https://docs.github.com/en/actions/how-tos/security-for-github-actions/security-hardening-your-deployments/configuring-openid-connect-in-amazon-web-services"
+          } else {
+            step2 = [
+              `    2. Add the following secrets in org or repo (${app.owner}/${app.repo}) settings`,
+              "",
+              ...providers[provider].env.map((e) => `       - ${e}`),
+            ].join("\n")
+          }
+
+          prompts.outro(
+            [
+              "Next steps:",
+              "",
+              `    1. Commit the \`${WORKFLOW_FILE}\` file and push`,
+              step2,
+              "",
+              "    3. Go to a GitHub issue and comment `/oc summarize` to see the agent in action",
+              "",
+              "   Learn more about the GitHub agent - https://opencode.ai/docs/github/#usage-examples",
+            ].join("\n"),
+          )
+        }
+
+        async function getAppInfo() {
+          const project = ctx.project
+          if (project.vcs !== "git") {
+            prompts.log.error(`Could not find git repository. Please run this command from a git repository.`)
+            throw new UI.CancelledError()
+          }
+
+          // Get repo info
+          const info = await AppRuntime.runPromise(
+            Git.Service.use((git) => git.run(["remote", "get-url", "origin"], { cwd: ctx.worktree })),
+          ).then((x) => x.text().trim())
+          const parsed = parseGitHubRemote(info)
+          if (!parsed) {
+            prompts.log.error(`Could not find git repository. Please run this command from a git repository.`)
+            throw new UI.CancelledError()
+          }
+          return { owner: parsed.owner, repo: parsed.repo, root: ctx.worktree }
+        }
+
+        async function promptProvider() {
+          const priority: Record<string, number> = {
+            opencode: 0,
+            anthropic: 1,
+            openai: 2,
+            google: 3,
+          }
+          let provider = await prompts.select({
+            message: "Select provider",
+            maxItems: 8,
+            options: pipe(
+              providers,
+              values(),
+              sortBy(
+                (x) => priority[x.id] ?? 99,
+                (x) => x.name ?? x.id,
+              ),
+              map((x) => ({
+                label: x.name,
+                value: x.id,
+                hint: priority[x.id] === 0 ? "recommended" : undefined,
+              })),
+            ),
           })
 
-          const provider = await promptProvider()
-          const model = await promptModel()
-          //const key = await promptKey()
+          if (prompts.isCancel(provider)) throw new UI.CancelledError()
 
-          await addWorkflowFiles()
-          printNextSteps()
+          return provider
+        }
 
-          function printNextSteps() {
-            let step2
-            if (provider === "amazon-bedrock") {
-              step2 =
-                "Configure OIDC in AWS - https://docs.github.com/en/actions/how-tos/security-for-github-actions/security-hardening-your-deployments/configuring-openid-connect-in-amazon-web-services"
-            } else {
-              step2 = [
-                `    2. Add the following secrets in org or repo (${app.owner}/${app.repo}) settings`,
-                "",
-                ...providers[provider].env.map((e) => `       - ${e}`),
-              ].join("\n")
+        async function promptModel() {
+          const providerData = providers[provider]!
+
+          const model = await prompts.select({
+            message: "Select model",
+            maxItems: 8,
+            options: pipe(
+              providerData.models,
+              values(),
+              sortBy((x) => x.name ?? x.id),
+              map((x) => ({
+                label: x.name ?? x.id,
+                value: x.id,
+              })),
+            ),
+          })
+
+          if (prompts.isCancel(model)) throw new UI.CancelledError()
+          return model
+        }
+
+        async function installGitHubApp() {
+          const s = prompts.spinner()
+          s.start("Installing GitHub app")
+
+          // Get installation
+          const installation = await getInstallation()
+          if (installation) return s.stop("GitHub app already installed")
+
+          // Open browser
+          const url = "https://github.com/apps/opencode-agent"
+          const command =
+            process.platform === "darwin"
+              ? `open "${url}"`
+              : process.platform === "win32"
+                ? `start "" "${url}"`
+                : `xdg-open "${url}"`
+
+          exec(command, (error) => {
+            if (error) {
+              prompts.log.warn(`Could not open browser. Please visit: ${url}`)
             }
+          })
 
-            prompts.outro(
-              [
-                "Next steps:",
-                "",
-                `    1. Commit the \`${WORKFLOW_FILE}\` file and push`,
-                step2,
-                "",
-                "    3. Go to a GitHub issue and comment `/oc summarize` to see the agent in action",
-                "",
-                "   Learn more about the GitHub agent - https://opencode.ai/docs/github/#usage-examples",
-              ].join("\n"),
-            )
-          }
-
-          async function getAppInfo() {
-            const project = Instance.project
-            if (project.vcs !== "git") {
-              prompts.log.error(`Could not find git repository. Please run this command from a git repository.`)
-              throw new UI.CancelledError()
-            }
-
-            // Get repo info
-            const info = await AppRuntime.runPromise(
-              Git.Service.use((git) => git.run(["remote", "get-url", "origin"], { cwd: Instance.worktree })),
-            ).then((x) => x.text().trim())
-            const parsed = parseGitHubRemote(info)
-            if (!parsed) {
-              prompts.log.error(`Could not find git repository. Please run this command from a git repository.`)
-              throw new UI.CancelledError()
-            }
-            return { owner: parsed.owner, repo: parsed.repo, root: Instance.worktree }
-          }
-
-          async function promptProvider() {
-            const priority: Record<string, number> = {
-              opencode: 0,
-              anthropic: 1,
-              openai: 2,
-              google: 3,
-            }
-            let provider = await prompts.select({
-              message: "Select provider",
-              maxItems: 8,
-              options: pipe(
-                providers,
-                values(),
-                sortBy(
-                  (x) => priority[x.id] ?? 99,
-                  (x) => x.name ?? x.id,
-                ),
-                map((x) => ({
-                  label: x.name,
-                  value: x.id,
-                  hint: priority[x.id] === 0 ? "recommended" : undefined,
-                })),
-              ),
-            })
-
-            if (prompts.isCancel(provider)) throw new UI.CancelledError()
-
-            return provider
-          }
-
-          async function promptModel() {
-            const providerData = providers[provider]!
-
-            const model = await prompts.select({
-              message: "Select model",
-              maxItems: 8,
-              options: pipe(
-                providerData.models,
-                values(),
-                sortBy((x) => x.name ?? x.id),
-                map((x) => ({
-                  label: x.name ?? x.id,
-                  value: x.id,
-                })),
-              ),
-            })
-
-            if (prompts.isCancel(model)) throw new UI.CancelledError()
-            return model
-          }
-
-          async function installGitHubApp() {
-            const s = prompts.spinner()
-            s.start("Installing GitHub app")
-
-            // Get installation
+          // Wait for installation
+          s.message("Waiting for GitHub app to be installed")
+          const MAX_RETRIES = 120
+          let retries = 0
+          do {
             const installation = await getInstallation()
-            if (installation) return s.stop("GitHub app already installed")
+            if (installation) break
 
-            // Open browser
-            const url = "https://github.com/apps/opencode-agent"
-            const command =
-              process.platform === "darwin"
-                ? `open "${url}"`
-                : process.platform === "win32"
-                  ? `start "" "${url}"`
-                  : `xdg-open "${url}"`
-
-            exec(command, (error) => {
-              if (error) {
-                prompts.log.warn(`Could not open browser. Please visit: ${url}`)
-              }
-            })
-
-            // Wait for installation
-            s.message("Waiting for GitHub app to be installed")
-            const MAX_RETRIES = 120
-            let retries = 0
-            do {
-              const installation = await getInstallation()
-              if (installation) break
-
-              if (retries > MAX_RETRIES) {
-                s.stop(
-                  `Failed to detect GitHub app installation. Make sure to install the app for the \`${app.owner}/${app.repo}\` repository.`,
-                )
-                throw new UI.CancelledError()
-              }
-
-              retries++
-              await sleep(1000)
-            } while (true) // oxlint-disable-line no-constant-condition
-
-            s.stop("Installed GitHub app")
-
-            async function getInstallation() {
-              return await fetch(
-                `https://api.opencode.ai/get_github_app_installation?owner=${app.owner}&repo=${app.repo}`,
+            if (retries > MAX_RETRIES) {
+              s.stop(
+                `Failed to detect GitHub app installation. Make sure to install the app for the \`${app.owner}/${app.repo}\` repository.`,
               )
-                .then((res) => res.json())
-                .then((data) => data.installation)
+              throw new UI.CancelledError()
             }
+
+            retries++
+            await sleep(1000)
+          } while (true) // oxlint-disable-line no-constant-condition
+
+          s.stop("Installed GitHub app")
+
+          async function getInstallation() {
+            return await fetch(
+              `https://api.opencode.ai/get_github_app_installation?owner=${app.owner}&repo=${app.repo}`,
+            )
+              .then((res) => res.json())
+              .then((data) => data.installation)
           }
+        }
 
-          async function addWorkflowFiles() {
-            const envStr =
-              provider === "amazon-bedrock"
-                ? ""
-                : `\n        env:${providers[provider].env.map((e) => `\n          ${e}: \${{ secrets.${e} }}`).join("")}`
+        async function addWorkflowFiles() {
+          const envStr =
+            provider === "amazon-bedrock"
+              ? ""
+              : `\n        env:${providers[provider].env.map((e) => `\n          ${e}: \${{ secrets.${e} }}`).join("")}`
 
-            await Filesystem.write(
-              path.join(app.root, WORKFLOW_FILE),
-              `name: opencode
+          await Filesystem.write(
+            path.join(app.root, WORKFLOW_FILE),
+            `name: opencode
 
 on:
   issue_comment:
@@ -414,17 +415,16 @@ jobs:
         uses: anomalyco/opencode/github@latest${envStr}
         with:
           model: ${provider}/${model}`,
-            )
+          )
 
-            prompts.log.success(`Added workflow file: "${WORKFLOW_FILE}"`)
-          }
+          prompts.log.success(`Added workflow file: "${WORKFLOW_FILE}"`)
         }
-      },
+      }
     })
-  },
+  }),
 })
 
-export const GithubRunCommand = cmd({
+export const GithubRunCommand = effectCmd({
   command: "run",
   describe: "run the GitHub agent",
   builder: (yargs) =>
@@ -437,8 +437,10 @@ export const GithubRunCommand = cmd({
         type: "string",
         describe: "GitHub personal access token (github_pat_********)",
       }),
-  async handler(args) {
-    await bootstrap(process.cwd(), async () => {
+  handler: Effect.fn("Cli.github.run")(function* (args) {
+    const ctx = yield* InstanceRef
+    if (!ctx) return yield* Effect.die("InstanceRef not provided")
+    yield* Effect.promise(async () => {
       const isMock = args.token || args.event
 
       const context = isMock ? (JSON.parse(args.event!) as Context) : github.context
@@ -501,21 +503,21 @@ export const GithubRunCommand = cmd({
           : "issue"
         : undefined
       const gitText = async (args: string[]) => {
-        const result = await AppRuntime.runPromise(Git.Service.use((git) => git.run(args, { cwd: Instance.worktree })))
+        const result = await AppRuntime.runPromise(Git.Service.use((git) => git.run(args, { cwd: ctx.worktree })))
         if (result.exitCode !== 0) {
           throw new Process.RunFailedError(["git", ...args], result.exitCode, result.stdout, result.stderr)
         }
         return result.text().trim()
       }
       const gitRun = async (args: string[]) => {
-        const result = await AppRuntime.runPromise(Git.Service.use((git) => git.run(args, { cwd: Instance.worktree })))
+        const result = await AppRuntime.runPromise(Git.Service.use((git) => git.run(args, { cwd: ctx.worktree })))
         if (result.exitCode !== 0) {
           throw new Process.RunFailedError(["git", ...args], result.exitCode, result.stdout, result.stderr)
         }
         return result
       }
       const gitStatus = (args: string[]) =>
-        AppRuntime.runPromise(Git.Service.use((git) => git.run(args, { cwd: Instance.worktree })))
+        AppRuntime.runPromise(Git.Service.use((git) => git.run(args, { cwd: ctx.worktree })))
       const commitChanges = async (summary: string, actor?: string) => {
         const args = ["commit", "-m", summary]
         if (actor) args.push("-m", `Co-authored-by: ${actor} <${actor}@users.noreply.github.com>`)
@@ -879,7 +881,7 @@ export const GithubRunCommand = cmd({
       function subscribeSessionEvents() {
         const TOOL: Record<string, [string, string]> = {
           todowrite: ["Todo", UI.Style.TEXT_WARNING_BOLD],
-          bash: ["Bash", UI.Style.TEXT_DANGER_BOLD],
+          bash: ["Shell", UI.Style.TEXT_DANGER_BOLD],
           edit: ["Edit", UI.Style.TEXT_SUCCESS_BOLD],
           glob: ["Glob", UI.Style.TEXT_INFO_BOLD],
           grep: ["Grep", UI.Style.TEXT_INFO_BOLD],
@@ -1645,5 +1647,5 @@ query($owner: String!, $repo: String!, $number: Int!) {
         })
       }
     })
-  },
+  }),
 })

packages/opencode/src/cli/cmd/import.ts

@@ -1,17 +1,14 @@
-import type { Argv } from "yargs"
 import type { Session as SDKSession, Message, Part } from "@opencode-ai/sdk/v2"
 import { Session } from "@/session/session"
 import { MessageV2 } from "../../session/message-v2"
-import { cmd } from "./cmd"
-import { bootstrap } from "../bootstrap"
+import { CliError, effectCmd } from "../effect-cmd"
 import { Database } from "@/storage/db"
 import { SessionTable, MessageTable, PartTable } from "../../session/session.sql"
-import { Instance } from "../../project/instance"
+import { InstanceRef } from "@/effect/instance-ref"
 import { ShareNext } from "@/share/share-next"
 import { EOL } from "os"
 import { Filesystem } from "@/util/filesystem"
-import { AppRuntime } from "@/effect/app-runtime"
-import { Schema } from "effect"
+import { Effect, Schema } from "effect"
 
 const decodeMessageInfo = Schema.decodeUnknownSync(MessageV2.Info)
 const decodePart = Schema.decodeUnknownSync(MessageV2.Part)
@@ -78,135 +75,143 @@ export function transformShareData(shareData: ShareData[]): {
   }
 }
 
-export const ImportCommand = cmd({
+type ExportData = { info: SDKSession; messages: Array<{ info: Message; parts: Part[] }> }
+
+export const ImportCommand = effectCmd({
   command: "import <file>",
   describe: "import session data from JSON file or URL",
-  builder: (yargs: Argv) => {
-    return yargs.positional("file", {
+  builder: (yargs) =>
+    yargs.positional("file", {
       describe: "path to JSON file or share URL",
       type: "string",
       demandOption: true,
+    }),
+  handler: Effect.fn("Cli.import")(function* (args) {
+    const ctx = yield* InstanceRef
+    if (!ctx) return yield* Effect.die("InstanceRef not provided")
+    return yield* runImport(args.file, ctx.project.id)
+  }),
+})
+
+const runImport = Effect.fn("Cli.import.body")(function* (file: string, projectID: string) {
+  const share = yield* ShareNext.Service
+
+  let exportData: ExportData | undefined
+
+  const isUrl = file.startsWith("http://") || file.startsWith("https://")
+
+  if (isUrl) {
+    const slug = parseShareUrl(file)
+    if (!slug) {
+      const baseUrl = yield* Effect.orDie(share.url())
+      process.stdout.write(`Invalid URL format. Expected: ${baseUrl}/share/<slug>`)
+      process.stdout.write(EOL)
+      return
+    }
+
+    const baseUrl = new URL(file).origin
+    const req = yield* Effect.orDie(share.request())
+    const headers = shouldAttachShareAuthHeaders(file, req.baseUrl) ? req.headers : {}
+
+    const tryFetch = (url: string) =>
+      Effect.tryPromise({
+        try: () => fetch(url, { headers }),
+        catch: (e) =>
+          new CliError({
+            message: `Failed to fetch share data: ${e instanceof Error ? e.message : String(e)}`,
+          }),
+      })
+
+    const dataPath = req.api.data(slug)
+    let response = yield* tryFetch(`${baseUrl}${dataPath}`)
+
+    if (!response.ok && dataPath !== `/api/share/${slug}/data`) {
+      response = yield* tryFetch(`${baseUrl}/api/share/${slug}/data`)
+    }
+
+    if (!response.ok) {
+      process.stdout.write(`Failed to fetch share data: ${response.statusText}`)
+      process.stdout.write(EOL)
+      return
+    }
+
+    const shareData = yield* Effect.tryPromise({
+      try: () => response.json() as Promise<ShareData[]>,
+      catch: () => new CliError({ message: "Share data was not valid JSON" }),
     })
-  },
-  handler: async (args) => {
-    await bootstrap(process.cwd(), async () => {
-      let exportData:
-        | {
-            info: SDKSession
-            messages: Array<{
-              info: Message
-              parts: Part[]
-            }>
-          }
-        | undefined
+    const transformed = transformShareData(shareData)
 
-      const isUrl = args.file.startsWith("http://") || args.file.startsWith("https://")
+    if (!transformed) {
+      process.stdout.write(`Share not found or empty: ${slug}`)
+      process.stdout.write(EOL)
+      return
+    }
 
-      if (isUrl) {
-        const slug = parseShareUrl(args.file)
-        if (!slug) {
-          const baseUrl = await AppRuntime.runPromise(ShareNext.Service.use((svc) => svc.url()))
-          process.stdout.write(`Invalid URL format. Expected: ${baseUrl}/share/<slug>`)
-          process.stdout.write(EOL)
-          return
-        }
+    exportData = transformed
+  } else {
+    exportData = yield* Effect.promise(() =>
+      Filesystem.readJson<NonNullable<typeof exportData>>(file).catch(() => undefined),
+    )
+    if (!exportData) {
+      process.stdout.write(`File not found: ${file}`)
+      process.stdout.write(EOL)
+      return
+    }
+  }
 
-        const parsed = new URL(args.file)
-        const baseUrl = parsed.origin
-        const req = await AppRuntime.runPromise(ShareNext.Service.use((svc) => svc.request()))
-        const headers = shouldAttachShareAuthHeaders(args.file, req.baseUrl) ? req.headers : {}
+  if (!exportData) {
+    process.stdout.write(`Failed to read session data`)
+    process.stdout.write(EOL)
+    return
+  }
 
-        const dataPath = req.api.data(slug)
-        let response = await fetch(`${baseUrl}${dataPath}`, {
-          headers,
+  const info = Schema.decodeUnknownSync(Session.Info)({
+    ...exportData.info,
+    projectID,
+  }) as Session.Info
+  const row = Session.toRow(info)
+  Database.use((db) =>
+    db
+      .insert(SessionTable)
+      .values(row)
+      .onConflictDoUpdate({ target: SessionTable.id, set: { project_id: row.project_id } })
+      .run(),
+  )
+
+  for (const msg of exportData.messages) {
+    const msgInfo = decodeMessageInfo(msg.info) as MessageV2.Info
+    const { id, sessionID: _, ...msgData } = msgInfo
+    Database.use((db) =>
+      db
+        .insert(MessageTable)
+        .values({
+          id,
+          session_id: row.id,
+          time_created: msgInfo.time?.created ?? Date.now(),
+          data: msgData,
         })
+        .onConflictDoNothing()
+        .run(),
+    )
 
-        if (!response.ok && dataPath !== `/api/share/${slug}/data`) {
-          response = await fetch(`${baseUrl}/api/share/${slug}/data`, {
-            headers,
-          })
-        }
-
-        if (!response.ok) {
-          process.stdout.write(`Failed to fetch share data: ${response.statusText}`)
-          process.stdout.write(EOL)
-          return
-        }
-
-        const shareData: ShareData[] = await response.json()
-        const transformed = transformShareData(shareData)
-
-        if (!transformed) {
-          process.stdout.write(`Share not found or empty: ${slug}`)
-          process.stdout.write(EOL)
-          return
-        }
-
-        exportData = transformed
-      } else {
-        exportData = await Filesystem.readJson<NonNullable<typeof exportData>>(args.file).catch(() => undefined)
-        if (!exportData) {
-          process.stdout.write(`File not found: ${args.file}`)
-          process.stdout.write(EOL)
-          return
-        }
-      }
-
-      if (!exportData) {
-        process.stdout.write(`Failed to read session data`)
-        process.stdout.write(EOL)
-        return
-      }
-
-      const info = Schema.decodeUnknownSync(Session.Info)({
-        ...exportData.info,
-        projectID: Instance.project.id,
-      }) as Session.Info
-      const row = Session.toRow(info)
+    for (const part of msg.parts) {
+      const partInfo = decodePart(part) as MessageV2.Part
+      const { id: partId, sessionID: _s, messageID, ...partData } = partInfo
       Database.use((db) =>
         db
-          .insert(SessionTable)
-          .values(row)
-          .onConflictDoUpdate({ target: SessionTable.id, set: { project_id: row.project_id } })
+          .insert(PartTable)
+          .values({
+            id: partId,
+            message_id: messageID,
+            session_id: row.id,
+            data: partData,
+          })
+          .onConflictDoNothing()
           .run(),
       )
+    }
+  }
 
-      for (const msg of exportData.messages) {
-        const msgInfo = decodeMessageInfo(msg.info) as MessageV2.Info
-        const { id, sessionID: _, ...msgData } = msgInfo
-        Database.use((db) =>
-          db
-            .insert(MessageTable)
-            .values({
-              id,
-              session_id: row.id,
-              time_created: msgInfo.time?.created ?? Date.now(),
-              data: msgData,
-            })
-            .onConflictDoNothing()
-            .run(),
-        )
-
-        for (const part of msg.parts) {
-          const partInfo = decodePart(part) as MessageV2.Part
-          const { id: partId, sessionID: _s, messageID, ...partData } = partInfo
-          Database.use((db) =>
-            db
-              .insert(PartTable)
-              .values({
-                id: partId,
-                message_id: messageID,
-                session_id: row.id,
-                data: partData,
-              })
-              .onConflictDoNothing()
-              .run(),
-          )
-        }
-      }
-
-      process.stdout.write(`Imported session: ${exportData.info.id}`)
-      process.stdout.write(EOL)
-    })
-  },
+  process.stdout.write(`Imported session: ${exportData.info.id}`)
+  process.stdout.write(EOL)
 })

packages/opencode/src/cli/cmd/plug.ts

@@ -1,16 +1,16 @@
 import { intro, log, outro, spinner } from "@clack/prompts"
-import type { Argv } from "yargs"
+import { Effect } from "effect"
 
 import { ConfigPaths } from "@/config/paths"
 import { Global } from "@opencode-ai/core/global"
 import { installPlugin, patchPluginConfig, readPluginManifest } from "../../plugin/install"
 import { resolvePluginTarget } from "../../plugin/shared"
-import { Instance } from "../../project/instance"
 import { errorMessage } from "../../util/error"
 import { Filesystem } from "@/util/filesystem"
 import { Process } from "@/util/process"
 import { UI } from "../ui"
-import { cmd } from "./cmd"
+import { effectCmd } from "../effect-cmd"
+import { InstanceRef } from "@/effect/instance-ref"
 
 type Spin = {
   start: (msg: string) => void
@@ -175,12 +175,12 @@ export function createPlugTask(input: PlugInput, dep: PlugDeps = defaultPlugDeps
   }
 }
 
-export const PluginCommand = cmd({
+export const PluginCommand = effectCmd({
   command: "plugin <module>",
   aliases: ["plug"],
   describe: "install plugin and update config",
-  builder: (yargs: Argv) => {
-    return yargs
+  builder: (yargs) =>
+    yargs
       .positional("module", {
         type: "string",
         describe: "npm module name",
@@ -196,9 +196,8 @@ export const PluginCommand = cmd({
         type: "boolean",
         default: false,
         describe: "replace existing plugin version",
-      })
-  },
-  handler: async (args) => {
+      }),
+  handler: Effect.fn("Cli.plug")(function* (args) {
     const mod = String(args.module ?? "").trim()
     if (!mod) {
       UI.error("module is required")
@@ -214,20 +213,18 @@ export const PluginCommand = cmd({
       global: Boolean(args.global),
       force: Boolean(args.force),
     })
-    let ok = true
 
-    await Instance.provide({
-      directory: process.cwd(),
-      fn: async () => {
-        ok = await run({
-          vcs: Instance.project.vcs,
-          worktree: Instance.worktree,
-          directory: Instance.directory,
-        })
-      },
-    })
+    const ctx = yield* InstanceRef
+    if (!ctx) return
+    const ok = yield* Effect.promise(() =>
+      run({
+        vcs: ctx.project.vcs,
+        worktree: ctx.worktree,
+        directory: ctx.directory,
+      }),
+    )
 
     outro("Done")
     if (!ok) process.exitCode = 1
-  },
+  }),
 })

packages/opencode/src/cli/cmd/pr.ts

@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
+import { Effect } from "effect"
 import { UI } from "../ui"
-import { cmd } from "./cmd"
-import { AppRuntime } from "@/effect/app-runtime"
+import { effectCmd, fail } from "../effect-cmd"
 import { Git } from "@/git"
-import { Instance } from "@/project/instance"
+import { InstanceRef } from "@/effect/instance-ref"
 import { Process } from "@/util/process"
 
-export const PrCommand = cmd({
+export const PrCommand = effectCmd({
   command: "pr <number>",
   describe: "fetch and checkout a GitHub PR branch, then run opencode",
   builder: (yargs) =>
@@ -14,125 +14,102 @@ export const PrCommand = cmd({
       describe: "PR number to checkout",
       demandOption: true,
     }),
-  async handler(args) {
-    await Instance.provide({
-      directory: process.cwd(),
-      async fn() {
-        const project = Instance.project
-        if (project.vcs !== "git") {
-          UI.error("Could not find git repository. Please run this command from a git repository.")
-          process.exit(1)
+  handler: Effect.fn("Cli.pr")(function* (args) {
+    const ctx = yield* InstanceRef
+    if (!ctx) return yield* fail("Could not load instance context")
+    if (ctx.project.vcs !== "git") {
+      return yield* fail("Could not find git repository. Please run this command from a git repository.")
+    }
+
+    const git = yield* Git.Service
+    const worktree = ctx.worktree
+
+    const prNumber = args.number
+    const localBranchName = `pr/${prNumber}`
+    UI.println(`Fetching and checking out PR #${prNumber}...`)
+
+    const checkout = yield* Effect.promise(() =>
+      Process.run(["gh", "pr", "checkout", `${prNumber}`, "--branch", localBranchName, "--force"], { nothrow: true }),
+    )
+    if (checkout.code !== 0) {
+      return yield* fail(`Failed to checkout PR #${prNumber}. Make sure you have gh CLI installed and authenticated.`)
+    }
+
+    const prInfoResult = yield* Effect.promise(() =>
+      Process.text(
+        [
+          "gh",
+          "pr",
+          "view",
+          `${prNumber}`,
+          "--json",
+          "headRepository,headRepositoryOwner,isCrossRepository,headRefName,body",
+        ],
+        { nothrow: true },
+      ),
+    )
+
+    let sessionId: string | undefined
+
+    if (prInfoResult.code === 0 && prInfoResult.text.trim()) {
+      const prInfo = JSON.parse(prInfoResult.text)
+
+      if (prInfo?.isCrossRepository && prInfo.headRepository && prInfo.headRepositoryOwner) {
+        const forkOwner = prInfo.headRepositoryOwner.login
+        const forkName = prInfo.headRepository.name
+        const remoteName = forkOwner
+
+        const remotes = (yield* git.run(["remote"], { cwd: worktree })).text().trim()
+        if (!remotes.split("\n").includes(remoteName)) {
+          yield* git.run(["remote", "add", remoteName, `https://github.com/${forkOwner}/${forkName}.git`], {
+            cwd: worktree,
+          })
+          UI.println(`Added fork remote: ${remoteName}`)
         }
 
-        const prNumber = args.number
-        const localBranchName = `pr/${prNumber}`
-        UI.println(`Fetching and checking out PR #${prNumber}...`)
+        yield* git.run(["branch", `--set-upstream-to=${remoteName}/${prInfo.headRefName}`, localBranchName], {
+          cwd: worktree,
+        })
+      }
 
-        // Use gh pr checkout with custom branch name
-        const result = await Process.run(
-          ["gh", "pr", "checkout", `${prNumber}`, "--branch", localBranchName, "--force"],
-          {
-            nothrow: true,
-          },
-        )
+      if (prInfo?.body) {
+        const sessionMatch = prInfo.body.match(/https:\/\/opncd\.ai\/s\/([a-zA-Z0-9_-]+)/)
+        if (sessionMatch) {
+          const sessionUrl = sessionMatch[0]
+          UI.println(`Found opencode session: ${sessionUrl}`)
+          UI.println(`Importing session...`)
 
-        if (result.code !== 0) {
-          UI.error(`Failed to checkout PR #${prNumber}. Make sure you have gh CLI installed and authenticated.`)
-          process.exit(1)
-        }
-
-        // Fetch PR info for fork handling and session link detection
-        const prInfoResult = await Process.text(
-          [
-            "gh",
-            "pr",
-            "view",
-            `${prNumber}`,
-            "--json",
-            "headRepository,headRepositoryOwner,isCrossRepository,headRefName,body",
-          ],
-          { nothrow: true },
-        )
-
-        let sessionId: string | undefined
-
-        if (prInfoResult.code === 0) {
-          const prInfoText = prInfoResult.text
-          if (prInfoText.trim()) {
-            const prInfo = JSON.parse(prInfoText)
-
-            // Handle fork PRs
-            if (prInfo && prInfo.isCrossRepository && prInfo.headRepository && prInfo.headRepositoryOwner) {
-              const forkOwner = prInfo.headRepositoryOwner.login
-              const forkName = prInfo.headRepository.name
-              const remoteName = forkOwner
-
-              // Check if remote already exists
-              const remotes = await AppRuntime.runPromise(
-                Git.Service.use((git) => git.run(["remote"], { cwd: Instance.worktree })),
-              ).then((x) => x.text().trim())
-              if (!remotes.split("\n").includes(remoteName)) {
-                await AppRuntime.runPromise(
-                  Git.Service.use((git) =>
-                    git.run(["remote", "add", remoteName, `https://github.com/${forkOwner}/${forkName}.git`], {
-                      cwd: Instance.worktree,
-                    }),
-                  ),
-                )
-                UI.println(`Added fork remote: ${remoteName}`)
-              }
-
-              // Set upstream to the fork so pushes go there
-              const headRefName = prInfo.headRefName
-              await AppRuntime.runPromise(
-                Git.Service.use((git) =>
-                  git.run(["branch", `--set-upstream-to=${remoteName}/${headRefName}`, localBranchName], {
-                    cwd: Instance.worktree,
-                  }),
-                ),
-              )
-            }
-
-            // Check for opencode session link in PR body
-            if (prInfo && prInfo.body) {
-              const sessionMatch = prInfo.body.match(/https:\/\/opncd\.ai\/s\/([a-zA-Z0-9_-]+)/)
-              if (sessionMatch) {
-                const sessionUrl = sessionMatch[0]
-                UI.println(`Found opencode session: ${sessionUrl}`)
-                UI.println(`Importing session...`)
-
-                const importResult = await Process.text(["opencode", "import", sessionUrl], {
-                  nothrow: true,
-                })
-                if (importResult.code === 0) {
-                  const importOutput = importResult.text.trim()
-                  // Extract session ID from the output (format: "Imported session: <session-id>")
-                  const sessionIdMatch = importOutput.match(/Imported session: ([a-zA-Z0-9_-]+)/)
-                  if (sessionIdMatch) {
-                    sessionId = sessionIdMatch[1]
-                    UI.println(`Session imported: ${sessionId}`)
-                  }
-                }
-              }
+          const importResult = yield* Effect.promise(() =>
+            Process.text(["opencode", "import", sessionUrl], { nothrow: true }),
+          )
+          if (importResult.code === 0) {
+            const sessionIdMatch = importResult.text.trim().match(/Imported session: ([a-zA-Z0-9_-]+)/)
+            if (sessionIdMatch) {
+              sessionId = sessionIdMatch[1]
+              UI.println(`Session imported: ${sessionId}`)
             }
           }
         }
+      }
+    }
 
-        UI.println(`Successfully checked out PR #${prNumber} as branch '${localBranchName}'`)
-        UI.println()
-        UI.println("Starting opencode...")
-        UI.println()
+    UI.println(`Successfully checked out PR #${prNumber} as branch '${localBranchName}'`)
+    UI.println()
+    UI.println("Starting opencode...")
+    UI.println()
 
-        const opencodeArgs = sessionId ? ["-s", sessionId] : []
-        const opencodeProcess = Process.spawn(["opencode", ...opencodeArgs], {
+    const opencodeArgs = sessionId ? ["-s", sessionId] : []
+    const code = yield* Effect.promise(
+      () =>
+        Process.spawn(["opencode", ...opencodeArgs], {
           stdin: "inherit",
           stdout: "inherit",
           stderr: "inherit",
           cwd: process.cwd(),
-        })
-        const code = await opencodeProcess.exited
-        if (code !== 0) throw new Error(`opencode exited with code ${code}`)
-      },
-    })
-  },
+        }).exited,
+    )
+    // Match legacy throw semantics — propagate as a defect so the top-level
+    // index.ts catch handles it identically (exit 1, "Unexpected error" banner).
+    if (code !== 0) return yield* Effect.die(new Error(`opencode exited with code ${code}`))
+  }),
 })

packages/opencode/src/cli/cmd/providers.ts

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 import { Auth } from "../../auth"
 import { AppRuntime } from "../../effect/app-runtime"
 import { cmd } from "./cmd"
+import { effectCmd } from "../effect-cmd"
 import * as prompts from "@clack/prompts"
 import { UI } from "../ui"
 import { ModelsDev } from "@/provider/models"
@@ -13,7 +14,6 @@ import os from "os"
 import { Config } from "@/config/config"
 import { Global } from "@opencode-ai/core/global"
 import { Plugin } from "../../plugin"
-import { Instance } from "../../project/instance"
 import type { Hooks } from "@opencode-ai/plugin"
 import { Process } from "@/util/process"
 import { text } from "node:stream/consumers"
@@ -232,58 +232,62 @@ export const ProvidersCommand = cmd({
   async handler() {},
 })
 
-export const ProvidersListCommand = cmd({
+export const ProvidersListCommand = effectCmd({
   command: "list",
   aliases: ["ls"],
   describe: "list providers and credentials",
-  async handler(_args) {
-    UI.empty()
-    const authPath = path.join(Global.Path.data, "auth.json")
-    const homedir = os.homedir()
-    const displayPath = authPath.startsWith(homedir) ? authPath.replace(homedir, "~") : authPath
-    prompts.intro(`Credentials ${UI.Style.TEXT_DIM}${displayPath}`)
-    const results = await AppRuntime.runPromise(
-      Effect.gen(function* () {
-        const auth = yield* Auth.Service
-        return Object.entries(yield* auth.all())
-      }),
-    )
-    const database = await getModels()
+  // Lists global credentials + provider env vars; no project instance needed.
+  instance: false,
+  handler: Effect.fn("Cli.providers.list")(function* (_args) {
+    yield* Effect.promise(async () => {
+      UI.empty()
+      const authPath = path.join(Global.Path.data, "auth.json")
+      const homedir = os.homedir()
+      const displayPath = authPath.startsWith(homedir) ? authPath.replace(homedir, "~") : authPath
+      prompts.intro(`Credentials ${UI.Style.TEXT_DIM}${displayPath}`)
+      const results = await AppRuntime.runPromise(
+        Effect.gen(function* () {
+          const auth = yield* Auth.Service
+          return Object.entries(yield* auth.all())
+        }),
+      )
+      const database = await getModels()
 
-    for (const [providerID, result] of results) {
-      const name = database[providerID]?.name || providerID
-      prompts.log.info(`${name} ${UI.Style.TEXT_DIM}${result.type}`)
-    }
+      for (const [providerID, result] of results) {
+        const name = database[providerID]?.name || providerID
+        prompts.log.info(`${name} ${UI.Style.TEXT_DIM}${result.type}`)
+      }
 
-    prompts.outro(`${results.length} credentials`)
+      prompts.outro(`${results.length} credentials`)
 
-    const activeEnvVars: Array<{ provider: string; envVar: string }> = []
+      const activeEnvVars: Array<{ provider: string; envVar: string }> = []
 
-    for (const [providerID, provider] of Object.entries(database)) {
-      for (const envVar of provider.env) {
-        if (process.env[envVar]) {
-          activeEnvVars.push({
-            provider: provider.name || providerID,
-            envVar,
-          })
+      for (const [providerID, provider] of Object.entries(database)) {
+        for (const envVar of provider.env) {
+          if (process.env[envVar]) {
+            activeEnvVars.push({
+              provider: provider.name || providerID,
+              envVar,
+            })
+          }
         }
       }
-    }
 
-    if (activeEnvVars.length > 0) {
-      UI.empty()
-      prompts.intro("Environment")
+      if (activeEnvVars.length > 0) {
+        UI.empty()
+        prompts.intro("Environment")
 
-      for (const { provider, envVar } of activeEnvVars) {
-        prompts.log.info(`${provider} ${UI.Style.TEXT_DIM}${envVar}`)
+        for (const { provider, envVar } of activeEnvVars) {
+          prompts.log.info(`${provider} ${UI.Style.TEXT_DIM}${envVar}`)
+        }
+
+        prompts.outro(`${activeEnvVars.length} environment variable` + (activeEnvVars.length === 1 ? "" : "s"))
       }
-
-      prompts.outro(`${activeEnvVars.length} environment variable` + (activeEnvVars.length === 1 ? "" : "s"))
-    }
-  },
+    })
+  }),
 })
 
-export const ProvidersLoginCommand = cmd({
+export const ProvidersLoginCommand = effectCmd({
   command: "login [url]",
   describe: "log in to a provider",
   builder: (yargs) =>
@@ -302,228 +306,230 @@ export const ProvidersLoginCommand = cmd({
         describe: "login method label (skips method selection)",
         type: "string",
       }),
-  async handler(args) {
-    await Instance.provide({
-      directory: process.cwd(),
-      async fn() {
-        UI.empty()
-        prompts.intro("Add credential")
-        if (args.url) {
-          const url = args.url.replace(/\/+$/, "")
-          const wellknown = (await fetch(`${url}/.well-known/opencode`).then((x) => x.json())) as {
-            auth: { command: string[]; env: string }
-          }
-          prompts.log.info(`Running \`${wellknown.auth.command.join(" ")}\``)
-          const proc = Process.spawn(wellknown.auth.command, {
-            stdout: "pipe",
-          })
-          if (!proc.stdout) {
-            prompts.log.error("Failed")
-            prompts.outro("Done")
-            return
-          }
-          const [exit, token] = await Promise.all([proc.exited, text(proc.stdout)])
-          if (exit !== 0) {
-            prompts.log.error("Failed")
-            prompts.outro("Done")
-            return
-          }
-          await put(url, {
-            type: "wellknown",
-            key: wellknown.auth.env,
-            token: token.trim(),
-          })
-          prompts.log.success("Logged into " + url)
+  handler: Effect.fn("Cli.providers.login")(function* (args) {
+    yield* Effect.promise(async () => {
+      UI.empty()
+      prompts.intro("Add credential")
+      if (args.url) {
+        const url = args.url.replace(/\/+$/, "")
+        const wellknown = (await fetch(`${url}/.well-known/opencode`).then((x) => x.json())) as {
+          auth: { command: string[]; env: string }
+        }
+        prompts.log.info(`Running \`${wellknown.auth.command.join(" ")}\``)
+        const proc = Process.spawn(wellknown.auth.command, {
+          stdout: "pipe",
+          stderr: "inherit",
+        })
+        if (!proc.stdout) {
+          prompts.log.error("Failed")
           prompts.outro("Done")
           return
         }
-        await refreshModels().catch(() => {})
-
-        const config = await AppRuntime.runPromise(Config.Service.use((cfg) => cfg.get()))
-
-        const disabled = new Set(config.disabled_providers ?? [])
-        const enabled = config.enabled_providers ? new Set(config.enabled_providers) : undefined
-
-        const providers = await getModels().then((x) => {
-          const filtered: Record<string, (typeof x)[string]> = {}
-          for (const [key, value] of Object.entries(x)) {
-            if ((enabled ? enabled.has(key) : true) && !disabled.has(key)) {
-              filtered[key] = value
-            }
-          }
-          return filtered
-        })
-        const hooks = await AppRuntime.runPromise(
-          Effect.gen(function* () {
-            const plugin = yield* Plugin.Service
-            return yield* plugin.list()
-          }),
-        )
-
-        const priority: Record<string, number> = {
-          opencode: 0,
-          openai: 1,
-          "github-copilot": 2,
-          google: 3,
-          anthropic: 4,
-          openrouter: 5,
-          vercel: 6,
+        const [exit, token] = await Promise.all([proc.exited, text(proc.stdout)])
+        if (exit !== 0) {
+          prompts.log.error("Failed")
+          prompts.outro("Done")
+          return
         }
-        const pluginProviders = resolvePluginProviders({
-          hooks,
-          existingProviders: providers,
-          disabled,
-          enabled,
-          providerNames: Object.fromEntries(Object.entries(config.provider ?? {}).map(([id, p]) => [id, p.name])),
+        await put(url, {
+          type: "wellknown",
+          key: wellknown.auth.env,
+          token: token.trim(),
         })
-        const options = [
-          ...pipe(
-            providers,
-            values(),
-            sortBy(
-              (x) => priority[x.id] ?? 99,
-              (x) => x.name ?? x.id,
-            ),
-            map((x) => ({
-              label: x.name,
-              value: x.id,
-              hint: {
-                opencode: "recommended",
-                openai: "ChatGPT Plus/Pro or API key",
-              }[x.id],
-            })),
+        prompts.log.success("Logged into " + url)
+        prompts.outro("Done")
+        return
+      }
+      await refreshModels().catch(() => {})
+
+      const config = await AppRuntime.runPromise(Config.Service.use((cfg) => cfg.get()))
+
+      const disabled = new Set(config.disabled_providers ?? [])
+      const enabled = config.enabled_providers ? new Set(config.enabled_providers) : undefined
+
+      const providers = await getModels().then((x) => {
+        const filtered: Record<string, (typeof x)[string]> = {}
+        for (const [key, value] of Object.entries(x)) {
+          if ((enabled ? enabled.has(key) : true) && !disabled.has(key)) {
+            filtered[key] = value
+          }
+        }
+        return filtered
+      })
+      const hooks = await AppRuntime.runPromise(
+        Effect.gen(function* () {
+          const plugin = yield* Plugin.Service
+          return yield* plugin.list()
+        }),
+      )
+
+      const priority: Record<string, number> = {
+        opencode: 0,
+        openai: 1,
+        "github-copilot": 2,
+        google: 3,
+        anthropic: 4,
+        openrouter: 5,
+        vercel: 6,
+      }
+      const pluginProviders = resolvePluginProviders({
+        hooks,
+        existingProviders: providers,
+        disabled,
+        enabled,
+        providerNames: Object.fromEntries(Object.entries(config.provider ?? {}).map(([id, p]) => [id, p.name])),
+      })
+      const options = [
+        ...pipe(
+          providers,
+          values(),
+          sortBy(
+            (x) => priority[x.id] ?? 99,
+            (x) => x.name ?? x.id,
           ),
-          ...pluginProviders.map((x) => ({
+          map((x) => ({
             label: x.name,
             value: x.id,
-            hint: "plugin",
+            hint: {
+              opencode: "recommended",
+              openai: "ChatGPT Plus/Pro or API key",
+            }[x.id],
           })),
-        ]
+        ),
+        ...pluginProviders.map((x) => ({
+          label: x.name,
+          value: x.id,
+          hint: "plugin",
+        })),
+      ]
 
-        let provider: string
-        if (args.provider) {
-          const input = args.provider
-          const byID = options.find((x) => x.value === input)
-          const byName = options.find((x) => x.label.toLowerCase() === input.toLowerCase())
-          const match = byID ?? byName
-          if (!match) {
-            prompts.log.error(`Unknown provider "${input}"`)
-            process.exit(1)
-          }
-          provider = match.value
-        } else {
-          const selected = await prompts.autocomplete({
-            message: "Select provider",
-            maxItems: 8,
-            options: [
-              ...options,
-              {
-                value: "other",
-                label: "Other",
-              },
-            ],
-          })
-          if (prompts.isCancel(selected)) throw new UI.CancelledError()
-          provider = selected as string
+      let provider: string
+      if (args.provider) {
+        const input = args.provider
+        const byID = options.find((x) => x.value === input)
+        const byName = options.find((x) => x.label.toLowerCase() === input.toLowerCase())
+        const match = byID ?? byName
+        if (!match) {
+          prompts.log.error(`Unknown provider "${input}"`)
+          process.exit(1)
         }
+        provider = match.value
+      } else {
+        const selected = await prompts.autocomplete({
+          message: "Select provider",
+          maxItems: 8,
+          options: [
+            ...options,
+            {
+              value: "other",
+              label: "Other",
+            },
+          ],
+        })
+        if (prompts.isCancel(selected)) throw new UI.CancelledError()
+        provider = selected as string
+      }
 
-        const plugin = hooks.findLast((x) => x.auth?.provider === provider)
-        if (plugin && plugin.auth) {
-          const handled = await handlePluginAuth({ auth: plugin.auth }, provider, args.method)
+      const plugin = hooks.findLast((x) => x.auth?.provider === provider)
+      if (plugin && plugin.auth) {
+        const handled = await handlePluginAuth({ auth: plugin.auth }, provider, args.method)
+        if (handled) return
+      }
+
+      if (provider === "other") {
+        const custom = await prompts.text({
+          message: "Enter provider id",
+          validate: (x) => (x && x.match(/^[0-9a-z-]+$/) ? undefined : "a-z, 0-9 and hyphens only"),
+        })
+        if (prompts.isCancel(custom)) throw new UI.CancelledError()
+        provider = custom.replace(/^@ai-sdk\//, "")
+
+        const customPlugin = hooks.findLast((x) => x.auth?.provider === provider)
+        if (customPlugin && customPlugin.auth) {
+          const handled = await handlePluginAuth({ auth: customPlugin.auth }, provider, args.method)
           if (handled) return
         }
 
-        if (provider === "other") {
-          const custom = await prompts.text({
-            message: "Enter provider id",
-            validate: (x) => (x && x.match(/^[0-9a-z-]+$/) ? undefined : "a-z, 0-9 and hyphens only"),
-          })
-          if (prompts.isCancel(custom)) throw new UI.CancelledError()
-          provider = custom.replace(/^@ai-sdk\//, "")
+        prompts.log.warn(
+          `This only stores a credential for ${provider} - you will need configure it in opencode.json, check the docs for examples.`,
+        )
+      }
 
-          const customPlugin = hooks.findLast((x) => x.auth?.provider === provider)
-          if (customPlugin && customPlugin.auth) {
-            const handled = await handlePluginAuth({ auth: customPlugin.auth }, provider, args.method)
-            if (handled) return
-          }
+      if (provider === "amazon-bedrock") {
+        prompts.log.info(
+          "Amazon Bedrock authentication priority:\n" +
+            "  1. Bearer token (AWS_BEARER_TOKEN_BEDROCK or /connect)\n" +
+            "  2. AWS credential chain (profile, access keys, IAM roles, EKS IRSA)\n\n" +
+            "Configure via opencode.json options (profile, region, endpoint) or\n" +
+            "AWS environment variables (AWS_PROFILE, AWS_REGION, AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID, AWS_WEB_IDENTITY_TOKEN_FILE).",
+        )
+      }
 
-          prompts.log.warn(
-            `This only stores a credential for ${provider} - you will need configure it in opencode.json, check the docs for examples.`,
-          )
-        }
+      if (provider === "opencode") {
+        prompts.log.info("Create an api key at https://opencode.ai/auth")
+      }
 
-        if (provider === "amazon-bedrock") {
-          prompts.log.info(
-            "Amazon Bedrock authentication priority:\n" +
-              "  1. Bearer token (AWS_BEARER_TOKEN_BEDROCK or /connect)\n" +
-              "  2. AWS credential chain (profile, access keys, IAM roles, EKS IRSA)\n\n" +
-              "Configure via opencode.json options (profile, region, endpoint) or\n" +
-              "AWS environment variables (AWS_PROFILE, AWS_REGION, AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID, AWS_WEB_IDENTITY_TOKEN_FILE).",
-          )
-        }
+      if (provider === "vercel") {
+        prompts.log.info("You can create an api key at https://vercel.link/ai-gateway-token")
+      }
 
-        if (provider === "opencode") {
-          prompts.log.info("Create an api key at https://opencode.ai/auth")
-        }
+      if (["cloudflare", "cloudflare-ai-gateway"].includes(provider)) {
+        prompts.log.info(
+          "Cloudflare AI Gateway can be configured with CLOUDFLARE_GATEWAY_ID, CLOUDFLARE_ACCOUNT_ID, and CLOUDFLARE_API_TOKEN environment variables. Read more: https://opencode.ai/docs/providers/#cloudflare-ai-gateway",
+        )
+      }
 
-        if (provider === "vercel") {
-          prompts.log.info("You can create an api key at https://vercel.link/ai-gateway-token")
-        }
+      const key = await prompts.password({
+        message: "Enter your API key",
+        validate: (x) => (x && x.length > 0 ? undefined : "Required"),
+      })
+      if (prompts.isCancel(key)) throw new UI.CancelledError()
+      await put(provider, {
+        type: "api",
+        key,
+      })
 
-        if (["cloudflare", "cloudflare-ai-gateway"].includes(provider)) {
-          prompts.log.info(
-            "Cloudflare AI Gateway can be configured with CLOUDFLARE_GATEWAY_ID, CLOUDFLARE_ACCOUNT_ID, and CLOUDFLARE_API_TOKEN environment variables. Read more: https://opencode.ai/docs/providers/#cloudflare-ai-gateway",
-          )
-        }
-
-        const key = await prompts.password({
-          message: "Enter your API key",
-          validate: (x) => (x && x.length > 0 ? undefined : "Required"),
-        })
-        if (prompts.isCancel(key)) throw new UI.CancelledError()
-        await put(provider, {
-          type: "api",
-          key,
-        })
-
-        prompts.outro("Done")
-      },
+      prompts.outro("Done")
     })
-  },
+  }),
 })
 
-export const ProvidersLogoutCommand = cmd({
+export const ProvidersLogoutCommand = effectCmd({
   command: "logout",
   describe: "log out from a configured provider",
-  async handler(_args) {
-    UI.empty()
-    const credentials: Array<[string, Auth.Info]> = await AppRuntime.runPromise(
-      Effect.gen(function* () {
-        const auth = yield* Auth.Service
-        return Object.entries(yield* auth.all())
-      }),
-    )
-    prompts.intro("Remove credential")
-    if (credentials.length === 0) {
-      prompts.log.error("No credentials found")
-      return
-    }
-    const database = await getModels()
-    const selected = await prompts.select({
-      message: "Select provider",
-      options: credentials.map(([key, value]) => ({
-        label: (database[key]?.name || key) + UI.Style.TEXT_DIM + " (" + value.type + ")",
-        value: key,
-      })),
+  // Removes a global auth credential; no project instance needed.
+  instance: false,
+  handler: Effect.fn("Cli.providers.logout")(function* (_args) {
+    yield* Effect.promise(async () => {
+      UI.empty()
+      const credentials: Array<[string, Auth.Info]> = await AppRuntime.runPromise(
+        Effect.gen(function* () {
+          const auth = yield* Auth.Service
+          return Object.entries(yield* auth.all())
+        }),
+      )
+      prompts.intro("Remove credential")
+      if (credentials.length === 0) {
+        prompts.log.error("No credentials found")
+        return
+      }
+      const database = await getModels()
+      const selected = await prompts.select({
+        message: "Select provider",
+        options: credentials.map(([key, value]) => ({
+          label: (database[key]?.name || key) + UI.Style.TEXT_DIM + " (" + value.type + ")",
+          value: key,
+        })),
+      })
+      if (prompts.isCancel(selected)) throw new UI.CancelledError()
+      const providerID = selected as string
+      await AppRuntime.runPromise(
+        Effect.gen(function* () {
+          const auth = yield* Auth.Service
+          yield* auth.remove(providerID)
+        }),
+      )
+      prompts.outro("Logout successful")
     })
-    if (prompts.isCancel(selected)) throw new UI.CancelledError()
-    const providerID = selected as string
-    await AppRuntime.runPromise(
-      Effect.gen(function* () {
-        const auth = yield* Auth.Service
-        yield* auth.remove(providerID)
-      }),
-    )
-    prompts.outro("Logout successful")
-  },
+  }),
 })

packages/opencode/src/cli/cmd/run.ts

@@ -1,10 +1,10 @@
 import type { Argv } from "yargs"
 import path from "path"
 import { pathToFileURL } from "url"
+import { Effect } from "effect"
 import { UI } from "../ui"
-import { cmd } from "./cmd"
+import { effectCmd } from "../effect-cmd"
 import { Flag } from "@opencode-ai/core/flag/flag"
-import { bootstrap } from "../bootstrap"
 import { EOL } from "os"
 import { Filesystem } from "@/util/filesystem"
 import { createOpencodeClient, type OpencodeClient, type ToolPart } from "@opencode-ai/sdk/v2"
@@ -22,7 +22,8 @@ import { WriteTool } from "../../tool/write"
 import { WebSearchTool } from "../../tool/websearch"
 import { TaskTool } from "../../tool/task"
 import { SkillTool } from "../../tool/skill"
-import { BashTool } from "../../tool/bash"
+import { ShellTool } from "../../tool/shell"
+import { ShellID } from "../../tool/shell/id"
 import { TodoWriteTool } from "../../tool/todo"
 import { Locale } from "@/util/locale"
 import { AppRuntime } from "@/effect/app-runtime"
@@ -175,7 +176,7 @@ function skill(info: ToolProps<typeof SkillTool>) {
   })
 }
 
-function bash(info: ToolProps<typeof BashTool>) {
+function shell(info: ToolProps<typeof ShellTool>) {
   const output = info.part.state.status === "completed" ? info.part.state.output?.trim() : undefined
   block(
     {
@@ -202,11 +203,17 @@ function normalizePath(input?: string) {
   return input
 }
 
-export const RunCommand = cmd({
+export const RunCommand = effectCmd({
   command: "run [message..]",
   describe: "run opencode with a message",
-  builder: (yargs: Argv) => {
-    return yargs
+  // --attach connects to a remote server (no local instance needed); the
+  // default path runs an in-process server and needs the project instance.
+  instance: (args) => !args.attach,
+  // For --dir without --attach, load instance for the resolved target dir.
+  // The handler also chdirs (preserving the legacy order: chdir → file resolution).
+  directory: (args) => (args.dir && !args.attach ? path.resolve(process.cwd(), args.dir) : process.cwd()),
+  builder: (yargs: Argv) =>
+    yargs
       .positional("message", {
         describe: "message to send",
         type: "string",
@@ -290,291 +297,313 @@ export const RunCommand = cmd({
         type: "boolean",
         describe: "auto-approve permissions that are not explicitly denied (dangerous!)",
         default: false,
-      })
-  },
-  handler: async (args) => {
-    let message = [...args.message, ...(args["--"] || [])]
-      .map((arg) => (arg.includes(" ") ? `"${arg.replace(/"/g, '\\"')}"` : arg))
-      .join(" ")
+      }),
+  handler: Effect.fn("Cli.run")(function* (args) {
+    yield* Effect.promise(async () => {
+      let message = [...args.message, ...(args["--"] || [])]
+        .map((arg) => (arg.includes(" ") ? `"${arg.replace(/"/g, '\\"')}"` : arg))
+        .join(" ")
 
-    const directory = (() => {
-      if (!args.dir) return undefined
-      if (args.attach) return args.dir
-      try {
-        process.chdir(args.dir)
-        return process.cwd()
-      } catch {
-        UI.error("Failed to change directory to " + args.dir)
-        process.exit(1)
-      }
-    })()
-
-    const files: { type: "file"; url: string; filename: string; mime: string }[] = []
-    if (args.file) {
-      const list = Array.isArray(args.file) ? args.file : [args.file]
-
-      for (const filePath of list) {
-        const resolvedPath = path.resolve(process.cwd(), filePath)
-        if (!(await Filesystem.exists(resolvedPath))) {
-          UI.error(`File not found: ${filePath}`)
+      const directory = (() => {
+        if (!args.dir) return undefined
+        if (args.attach) return args.dir
+        try {
+          process.chdir(args.dir)
+          return process.cwd()
+        } catch {
+          UI.error("Failed to change directory to " + args.dir)
           process.exit(1)
         }
+      })()
 
-        const mime = (await Filesystem.isDir(resolvedPath)) ? "application/x-directory" : "text/plain"
+      const files: { type: "file"; url: string; filename: string; mime: string }[] = []
+      if (args.file) {
+        const list = Array.isArray(args.file) ? args.file : [args.file]
 
-        files.push({
-          type: "file",
-          url: pathToFileURL(resolvedPath).href,
-          filename: path.basename(resolvedPath),
-          mime,
-        })
-      }
-    }
-
-    if (!process.stdin.isTTY) message += "\n" + (await Bun.stdin.text())
-
-    if (message.trim().length === 0 && !args.command) {
-      UI.error("You must provide a message or a command")
-      process.exit(1)
-    }
-
-    if (args.fork && !args.continue && !args.session) {
-      UI.error("--fork requires --continue or --session")
-      process.exit(1)
-    }
-
-    const rules: Permission.Ruleset = [
-      {
-        permission: "question",
-        action: "deny",
-        pattern: "*",
-      },
-      {
-        permission: "plan_enter",
-        action: "deny",
-        pattern: "*",
-      },
-      {
-        permission: "plan_exit",
-        action: "deny",
-        pattern: "*",
-      },
-    ]
-
-    function title() {
-      if (args.title === undefined) return
-      if (args.title !== "") return args.title
-      return message.slice(0, 50) + (message.length > 50 ? "..." : "")
-    }
-
-    async function session(sdk: OpencodeClient) {
-      const baseID = args.continue ? (await sdk.session.list()).data?.find((s) => !s.parentID)?.id : args.session
-
-      if (baseID && args.fork) {
-        const forked = await sdk.session.fork({ sessionID: baseID })
-        return forked.data?.id
-      }
-
-      if (baseID) return baseID
-
-      const name = title()
-      const result = await sdk.session.create({ title: name, permission: rules })
-      return result.data?.id
-    }
-
-    async function share(sdk: OpencodeClient, sessionID: string) {
-      const cfg = await sdk.config.get()
-      if (!cfg.data) return
-      if (cfg.data.share !== "auto" && !Flag.OPENCODE_AUTO_SHARE && !args.share) return
-      const res = await sdk.session.share({ sessionID }).catch((error) => {
-        if (error instanceof Error && error.message.includes("disabled")) {
-          UI.println(UI.Style.TEXT_DANGER_BOLD + "!  " + error.message)
-        }
-        return { error }
-      })
-      if (!res.error && "data" in res && res.data?.share?.url) {
-        UI.println(UI.Style.TEXT_INFO_BOLD + "~  " + res.data.share.url)
-      }
-    }
-
-    async function execute(sdk: OpencodeClient) {
-      function tool(part: ToolPart) {
-        try {
-          if (part.tool === "bash") return bash(props<typeof BashTool>(part))
-          if (part.tool === "glob") return glob(props<typeof GlobTool>(part))
-          if (part.tool === "grep") return grep(props<typeof GrepTool>(part))
-          if (part.tool === "read") return read(props<typeof ReadTool>(part))
-          if (part.tool === "write") return write(props<typeof WriteTool>(part))
-          if (part.tool === "webfetch") return webfetch(props<typeof WebFetchTool>(part))
-          if (part.tool === "edit") return edit(props<typeof EditTool>(part))
-          if (part.tool === "websearch") return websearch(props<typeof WebSearchTool>(part))
-          if (part.tool === "task") return task(props<typeof TaskTool>(part))
-          if (part.tool === "todowrite") return todo(props<typeof TodoWriteTool>(part))
-          if (part.tool === "skill") return skill(props<typeof SkillTool>(part))
-          return fallback(part)
-        } catch {
-          return fallback(part)
-        }
-      }
-
-      function emit(type: string, data: Record<string, unknown>) {
-        if (args.format === "json") {
-          process.stdout.write(JSON.stringify({ type, timestamp: Date.now(), sessionID, ...data }) + EOL)
-          return true
-        }
-        return false
-      }
-
-      const events = await sdk.event.subscribe()
-      let error: string | undefined
-
-      async function loop() {
-        const toggles = new Map<string, boolean>()
-
-        for await (const event of events.stream) {
-          if (
-            event.type === "message.updated" &&
-            event.properties.info.role === "assistant" &&
-            args.format !== "json" &&
-            toggles.get("start") !== true
-          ) {
-            UI.empty()
-            UI.println(`> ${event.properties.info.agent} · ${event.properties.info.modelID}`)
-            UI.empty()
-            toggles.set("start", true)
+        for (const filePath of list) {
+          const resolvedPath = path.resolve(process.cwd(), filePath)
+          if (!(await Filesystem.exists(resolvedPath))) {
+            UI.error(`File not found: ${filePath}`)
+            process.exit(1)
           }
 
-          if (event.type === "message.part.updated") {
-            const part = event.properties.part
-            if (part.sessionID !== sessionID) continue
+          const mime = (await Filesystem.isDir(resolvedPath)) ? "application/x-directory" : "text/plain"
 
-            if (part.type === "tool" && (part.state.status === "completed" || part.state.status === "error")) {
-              if (emit("tool_use", { part })) continue
-              if (part.state.status === "completed") {
-                tool(part)
-                continue
+          files.push({
+            type: "file",
+            url: pathToFileURL(resolvedPath).href,
+            filename: path.basename(resolvedPath),
+            mime,
+          })
+        }
+      }
+
+      if (!process.stdin.isTTY) message += "\n" + (await Bun.stdin.text())
+
+      if (message.trim().length === 0 && !args.command) {
+        UI.error("You must provide a message or a command")
+        process.exit(1)
+      }
+
+      if (args.fork && !args.continue && !args.session) {
+        UI.error("--fork requires --continue or --session")
+        process.exit(1)
+      }
+
+      const rules: Permission.Ruleset = [
+        {
+          permission: "question",
+          action: "deny",
+          pattern: "*",
+        },
+        {
+          permission: "plan_enter",
+          action: "deny",
+          pattern: "*",
+        },
+        {
+          permission: "plan_exit",
+          action: "deny",
+          pattern: "*",
+        },
+      ]
+
+      function title() {
+        if (args.title === undefined) return
+        if (args.title !== "") return args.title
+        return message.slice(0, 50) + (message.length > 50 ? "..." : "")
+      }
+
+      async function session(sdk: OpencodeClient) {
+        const baseID = args.continue ? (await sdk.session.list()).data?.find((s) => !s.parentID)?.id : args.session
+
+        if (baseID && args.fork) {
+          const forked = await sdk.session.fork({ sessionID: baseID })
+          return forked.data?.id
+        }
+
+        if (baseID) return baseID
+
+        const name = title()
+        const result = await sdk.session.create({ title: name, permission: rules })
+        return result.data?.id
+      }
+
+      async function share(sdk: OpencodeClient, sessionID: string) {
+        const cfg = await sdk.config.get()
+        if (!cfg.data) return
+        if (cfg.data.share !== "auto" && !Flag.OPENCODE_AUTO_SHARE && !args.share) return
+        const res = await sdk.session.share({ sessionID }).catch((error) => {
+          if (error instanceof Error && error.message.includes("disabled")) {
+            UI.println(UI.Style.TEXT_DANGER_BOLD + "!  " + error.message)
+          }
+          return { error }
+        })
+        if (!res.error && "data" in res && res.data?.share?.url) {
+          UI.println(UI.Style.TEXT_INFO_BOLD + "~  " + res.data.share.url)
+        }
+      }
+
+      async function execute(sdk: OpencodeClient) {
+        function tool(part: ToolPart) {
+          try {
+            if (part.tool === ShellID.ToolID) return shell(props<typeof ShellTool>(part))
+            if (part.tool === "glob") return glob(props<typeof GlobTool>(part))
+            if (part.tool === "grep") return grep(props<typeof GrepTool>(part))
+            if (part.tool === "read") return read(props<typeof ReadTool>(part))
+            if (part.tool === "write") return write(props<typeof WriteTool>(part))
+            if (part.tool === "webfetch") return webfetch(props<typeof WebFetchTool>(part))
+            if (part.tool === "edit") return edit(props<typeof EditTool>(part))
+            if (part.tool === "websearch") return websearch(props<typeof WebSearchTool>(part))
+            if (part.tool === "task") return task(props<typeof TaskTool>(part))
+            if (part.tool === "todowrite") return todo(props<typeof TodoWriteTool>(part))
+            if (part.tool === "skill") return skill(props<typeof SkillTool>(part))
+            return fallback(part)
+          } catch {
+            return fallback(part)
+          }
+        }
+
+        function emit(type: string, data: Record<string, unknown>) {
+          if (args.format === "json") {
+            process.stdout.write(JSON.stringify({ type, timestamp: Date.now(), sessionID, ...data }) + EOL)
+            return true
+          }
+          return false
+        }
+
+        const events = await sdk.event.subscribe()
+        let error: string | undefined
+
+        async function loop() {
+          const toggles = new Map<string, boolean>()
+
+          for await (const event of events.stream) {
+            if (
+              event.type === "message.updated" &&
+              event.properties.info.role === "assistant" &&
+              args.format !== "json" &&
+              toggles.get("start") !== true
+            ) {
+              UI.empty()
+              UI.println(`> ${event.properties.info.agent} · ${event.properties.info.modelID}`)
+              UI.empty()
+              toggles.set("start", true)
+            }
+
+            if (event.type === "message.part.updated") {
+              const part = event.properties.part
+              if (part.sessionID !== sessionID) continue
+
+              if (part.type === "tool" && (part.state.status === "completed" || part.state.status === "error")) {
+                if (emit("tool_use", { part })) continue
+                if (part.state.status === "completed") {
+                  tool(part)
+                  continue
+                }
+                inline({
+                  icon: "✗",
+                  title: `${part.tool} failed`,
+                })
+                UI.error(part.state.error)
               }
-              inline({
-                icon: "✗",
-                title: `${part.tool} failed`,
-              })
-              UI.error(part.state.error)
+
+              if (
+                part.type === "tool" &&
+                part.tool === "task" &&
+                part.state.status === "running" &&
+                args.format !== "json"
+              ) {
+                if (toggles.get(part.id) === true) continue
+                task(props<typeof TaskTool>(part))
+                toggles.set(part.id, true)
+              }
+
+              if (part.type === "step-start") {
+                if (emit("step_start", { part })) continue
+              }
+
+              if (part.type === "step-finish") {
+                if (emit("step_finish", { part })) continue
+              }
+
+              if (part.type === "text" && part.time?.end) {
+                if (emit("text", { part })) continue
+                const text = part.text.trim()
+                if (!text) continue
+                if (!process.stdout.isTTY) {
+                  process.stdout.write(text + EOL)
+                  continue
+                }
+                UI.empty()
+                UI.println(text)
+                UI.empty()
+              }
+
+              if (part.type === "reasoning" && part.time?.end && args.thinking) {
+                if (emit("reasoning", { part })) continue
+                const text = part.text.trim()
+                if (!text) continue
+                const line = `Thinking: ${text}`
+                if (process.stdout.isTTY) {
+                  UI.empty()
+                  UI.println(`${UI.Style.TEXT_DIM}\u001b[3m${line}\u001b[0m${UI.Style.TEXT_NORMAL}`)
+                  UI.empty()
+                  continue
+                }
+                process.stdout.write(line + EOL)
+              }
+            }
+
+            if (event.type === "session.error") {
+              const props = event.properties
+              if (props.sessionID !== sessionID || !props.error) continue
+              let err = String(props.error.name)
+              if ("data" in props.error && props.error.data && "message" in props.error.data) {
+                err = String(props.error.data.message)
+              }
+              error = error ? error + EOL + err : err
+              if (emit("error", { error: props.error })) continue
+              UI.error(err)
             }
 
             if (
-              part.type === "tool" &&
-              part.tool === "task" &&
-              part.state.status === "running" &&
-              args.format !== "json"
+              event.type === "session.status" &&
+              event.properties.sessionID === sessionID &&
+              event.properties.status.type === "idle"
             ) {
-              if (toggles.get(part.id) === true) continue
-              task(props<typeof TaskTool>(part))
-              toggles.set(part.id, true)
+              break
             }
 
-            if (part.type === "step-start") {
-              if (emit("step_start", { part })) continue
-            }
+            if (event.type === "permission.asked") {
+              const permission = event.properties
+              if (permission.sessionID !== sessionID) continue
 
-            if (part.type === "step-finish") {
-              if (emit("step_finish", { part })) continue
-            }
-
-            if (part.type === "text" && part.time?.end) {
-              if (emit("text", { part })) continue
-              const text = part.text.trim()
-              if (!text) continue
-              if (!process.stdout.isTTY) {
-                process.stdout.write(text + EOL)
-                continue
+              if (args["dangerously-skip-permissions"]) {
+                await sdk.permission.reply({
+                  requestID: permission.id,
+                  reply: "once",
+                })
+              } else {
+                UI.println(
+                  UI.Style.TEXT_WARNING_BOLD + "!",
+                  UI.Style.TEXT_NORMAL +
+                    `permission requested: ${permission.permission} (${permission.patterns.join(", ")}); auto-rejecting`,
+                )
+                await sdk.permission.reply({
+                  requestID: permission.id,
+                  reply: "reject",
+                })
               }
-              UI.empty()
-              UI.println(text)
-              UI.empty()
-            }
-
-            if (part.type === "reasoning" && part.time?.end && args.thinking) {
-              if (emit("reasoning", { part })) continue
-              const text = part.text.trim()
-              if (!text) continue
-              const line = `Thinking: ${text}`
-              if (process.stdout.isTTY) {
-                UI.empty()
-                UI.println(`${UI.Style.TEXT_DIM}\u001b[3m${line}\u001b[0m${UI.Style.TEXT_NORMAL}`)
-                UI.empty()
-                continue
-              }
-              process.stdout.write(line + EOL)
-            }
-          }
-
-          if (event.type === "session.error") {
-            const props = event.properties
-            if (props.sessionID !== sessionID || !props.error) continue
-            let err = String(props.error.name)
-            if ("data" in props.error && props.error.data && "message" in props.error.data) {
-              err = String(props.error.data.message)
-            }
-            error = error ? error + EOL + err : err
-            if (emit("error", { error: props.error })) continue
-            UI.error(err)
-          }
-
-          if (
-            event.type === "session.status" &&
-            event.properties.sessionID === sessionID &&
-            event.properties.status.type === "idle"
-          ) {
-            break
-          }
-
-          if (event.type === "permission.asked") {
-            const permission = event.properties
-            if (permission.sessionID !== sessionID) continue
-
-            if (args["dangerously-skip-permissions"]) {
-              await sdk.permission.reply({
-                requestID: permission.id,
-                reply: "once",
-              })
-            } else {
-              UI.println(
-                UI.Style.TEXT_WARNING_BOLD + "!",
-                UI.Style.TEXT_NORMAL +
-                  `permission requested: ${permission.permission} (${permission.patterns.join(", ")}); auto-rejecting`,
-              )
-              await sdk.permission.reply({
-                requestID: permission.id,
-                reply: "reject",
-              })
             }
           }
         }
-      }
 
-      // Validate agent if specified
-      const agent = await (async () => {
-        if (!args.agent) return undefined
-        const name = args.agent
+        // Validate agent if specified
+        const agent = await (async () => {
+          if (!args.agent) return undefined
+          const name = args.agent
 
-        // When attaching, validate against the running server instead of local Instance state.
-        if (args.attach) {
-          const modes = await sdk.app
-            .agents(undefined, { throwOnError: true })
-            .then((x) => x.data ?? [])
-            .catch(() => undefined)
+          // When attaching, validate against the running server instead of local Instance state.
+          if (args.attach) {
+            const modes = await sdk.app
+              .agents(undefined, { throwOnError: true })
+              .then((x) => x.data ?? [])
+              .catch(() => undefined)
 
-          if (!modes) {
-            UI.println(
-              UI.Style.TEXT_WARNING_BOLD + "!",
-              UI.Style.TEXT_NORMAL,
-              `failed to list agents from ${args.attach}. Falling back to default agent`,
-            )
-            return undefined
+            if (!modes) {
+              UI.println(
+                UI.Style.TEXT_WARNING_BOLD + "!",
+                UI.Style.TEXT_NORMAL,
+                `failed to list agents from ${args.attach}. Falling back to default agent`,
+              )
+              return undefined
+            }
+
+            const agent = modes.find((a) => a.name === name)
+            if (!agent) {
+              UI.println(
+                UI.Style.TEXT_WARNING_BOLD + "!",
+                UI.Style.TEXT_NORMAL,
+                `agent "${name}" not found. Falling back to default agent`,
+              )
+              return undefined
+            }
+
+            if (agent.mode === "subagent") {
+              UI.println(
+                UI.Style.TEXT_WARNING_BOLD + "!",
+                UI.Style.TEXT_NORMAL,
+                `agent "${name}" is a subagent, not a primary agent. Falling back to default agent`,
+              )
+              return undefined
+            }
+
+            return name
           }
 
-          const agent = modes.find((a) => a.name === name)
-          if (!agent) {
+          const entry = await AppRuntime.runPromise(Agent.Service.use((svc) => svc.get(name)))
+          if (!entry) {
             UI.println(
               UI.Style.TEXT_WARNING_BOLD + "!",
               UI.Style.TEXT_NORMAL,
@@ -582,8 +611,7 @@ export const RunCommand = cmd({
             )
             return undefined
           }
-
-          if (agent.mode === "subagent") {
+          if (entry.mode === "subagent") {
             UI.println(
               UI.Style.TEXT_WARNING_BOLD + "!",
               UI.Style.TEXT_NORMAL,
@@ -591,76 +619,54 @@ export const RunCommand = cmd({
             )
             return undefined
           }
-
           return name
+        })()
+
+        const sessionID = await session(sdk)
+        if (!sessionID) {
+          UI.error("Session not found")
+          process.exit(1)
         }
+        await share(sdk, sessionID)
 
-        const entry = await AppRuntime.runPromise(Agent.Service.use((svc) => svc.get(name)))
-        if (!entry) {
-          UI.println(
-            UI.Style.TEXT_WARNING_BOLD + "!",
-            UI.Style.TEXT_NORMAL,
-            `agent "${name}" not found. Falling back to default agent`,
-          )
-          return undefined
-        }
-        if (entry.mode === "subagent") {
-          UI.println(
-            UI.Style.TEXT_WARNING_BOLD + "!",
-            UI.Style.TEXT_NORMAL,
-            `agent "${name}" is a subagent, not a primary agent. Falling back to default agent`,
-          )
-          return undefined
-        }
-        return name
-      })()
-
-      const sessionID = await session(sdk)
-      if (!sessionID) {
-        UI.error("Session not found")
-        process.exit(1)
-      }
-      await share(sdk, sessionID)
-
-      loop().catch((e) => {
-        console.error(e)
-        process.exit(1)
-      })
-
-      if (args.command) {
-        await sdk.session.command({
-          sessionID,
-          agent,
-          model: args.model,
-          command: args.command,
-          arguments: message,
-          variant: args.variant,
-        })
-      } else {
-        const model = args.model ? Provider.parseModel(args.model) : undefined
-        await sdk.session.prompt({
-          sessionID,
-          agent,
-          model,
-          variant: args.variant,
-          parts: [...files, { type: "text", text: message }],
+        loop().catch((e) => {
+          console.error(e)
+          process.exit(1)
         })
+
+        if (args.command) {
+          await sdk.session.command({
+            sessionID,
+            agent,
+            model: args.model,
+            command: args.command,
+            arguments: message,
+            variant: args.variant,
+          })
+        } else {
+          const model = args.model ? Provider.parseModel(args.model) : undefined
+          await sdk.session.prompt({
+            sessionID,
+            agent,
+            model,
+            variant: args.variant,
+            parts: [...files, { type: "text", text: message }],
+          })
+        }
       }
-    }
 
-    if (args.attach) {
-      const headers = (() => {
-        const password = args.password ?? process.env.OPENCODE_SERVER_PASSWORD
-        if (!password) return undefined
-        const username = process.env.OPENCODE_SERVER_USERNAME ?? "opencode"
-        const auth = `Basic ${Buffer.from(`${username}:${password}`).toString("base64")}`
-        return { Authorization: auth }
-      })()
-      const sdk = createOpencodeClient({ baseUrl: args.attach, directory, headers })
-      return await execute(sdk)
-    }
+      if (args.attach) {
+        const headers = (() => {
+          const password = args.password ?? process.env.OPENCODE_SERVER_PASSWORD
+          if (!password) return undefined
+          const username = process.env.OPENCODE_SERVER_USERNAME ?? "opencode"
+          const auth = `Basic ${Buffer.from(`${username}:${password}`).toString("base64")}`
+          return { Authorization: auth }
+        })()
+        const sdk = createOpencodeClient({ baseUrl: args.attach, directory, headers })
+        return await execute(sdk)
+      }
 
-    await bootstrap(process.cwd(), async () => {
       const fetchFn = (async (input: RequestInfo | URL, init?: RequestInit) => {
         const request = new Request(input, init)
         return Server.Default().app.fetch(request)
@@ -668,5 +674,5 @@ export const RunCommand = cmd({
       const sdk = createOpencodeClient({ baseUrl: "http://opencode.internal", fetch: fetchFn })
       await execute(sdk)
     })
-  },
+  }),
 })

packages/opencode/src/cli/cmd/serve.ts

@@ -1,21 +1,24 @@
+import { Effect } from "effect"
 import { Server } from "../../server/server"
-import { cmd } from "./cmd"
+import { effectCmd } from "../effect-cmd"
 import { withNetworkOptions, resolveNetworkOptions } from "../network"
 import { Flag } from "@opencode-ai/core/flag/flag"
 
-export const ServeCommand = cmd({
+export const ServeCommand = effectCmd({
   command: "serve",
   builder: (yargs) => withNetworkOptions(yargs),
   describe: "starts a headless opencode server",
-  handler: async (args) => {
+  // Server loads instances per-request via x-opencode-directory header — no
+  // need for an ambient project InstanceContext at startup.
+  instance: false,
+  handler: Effect.fn("Cli.serve")(function* (args) {
     if (!Flag.OPENCODE_SERVER_PASSWORD) {
       console.log("Warning: OPENCODE_SERVER_PASSWORD is not set; server is unsecured.")
     }
-    const opts = await resolveNetworkOptions(args)
-    const server = await Server.listen(opts)
+    const opts = yield* Effect.promise(() => resolveNetworkOptions(args))
+    const server = yield* Effect.promise(() => Server.listen(opts))
     console.log(`opencode server listening on http://${server.hostname}:${server.port}`)
 
-    await new Promise(() => {})
-    await server.stop()
-  },
+    yield* Effect.never
+  }),
 })

packages/opencode/src/cli/cmd/session.ts

@@ -1,8 +1,9 @@
 import type { Argv } from "yargs"
+import { Effect } from "effect"
 import { cmd } from "./cmd"
+import { effectCmd, fail } from "../effect-cmd"
 import { Session } from "@/session/session"
 import { SessionID } from "../../session/schema"
-import { bootstrap } from "../bootstrap"
 import { UI } from "../ui"
 import { Locale } from "@/util/locale"
 import { Flag } from "@opencode-ai/core/flag/flag"
@@ -11,7 +12,6 @@ import { Process } from "@/util/process"
 import { EOL } from "os"
 import path from "path"
 import { which } from "../../util/which"
-import { AppRuntime } from "@/effect/app-runtime"
 
 function pagerCmd(): string[] {
   const lessOptions = ["-R", "-S"]
@@ -47,36 +47,30 @@ export const SessionCommand = cmd({
   async handler() {},
 })
 
-export const SessionDeleteCommand = cmd({
+export const SessionDeleteCommand = effectCmd({
   command: "delete <sessionID>",
   describe: "delete a session",
-  builder: (yargs: Argv) => {
-    return yargs.positional("sessionID", {
+  builder: (yargs) =>
+    yargs.positional("sessionID", {
       describe: "session ID to delete",
       type: "string",
       demandOption: true,
-    })
-  },
-  handler: async (args) => {
-    await bootstrap(process.cwd(), async () => {
-      const sessionID = SessionID.make(args.sessionID)
-      try {
-        await AppRuntime.runPromise(Session.Service.use((svc) => svc.get(sessionID)))
-      } catch {
-        UI.error(`Session not found: ${args.sessionID}`)
-        process.exit(1)
-      }
-      await AppRuntime.runPromise(Session.Service.use((svc) => svc.remove(sessionID)))
-      UI.println(UI.Style.TEXT_SUCCESS_BOLD + `Session ${args.sessionID} deleted` + UI.Style.TEXT_NORMAL)
-    })
-  },
+    }),
+  handler: Effect.fn("Cli.session.delete")(function* (args) {
+    const svc = yield* Session.Service
+    const sessionID = SessionID.make(args.sessionID)
+    // Match legacy try/catch — Session.get surfaces NotFoundError as a defect.
+    yield* svc.get(sessionID).pipe(Effect.catchCause(() => fail(`Session not found: ${args.sessionID}`)))
+    yield* svc.remove(sessionID)
+    UI.println(UI.Style.TEXT_SUCCESS_BOLD + `Session ${args.sessionID} deleted` + UI.Style.TEXT_NORMAL)
+  }),
 })
 
-export const SessionListCommand = cmd({
+export const SessionListCommand = effectCmd({
   command: "list",
   describe: "list sessions",
-  builder: (yargs: Argv) => {
-    return yargs
+  builder: (yargs) =>
+    yargs
       .option("max-count", {
         alias: "n",
         describe: "limit to N most recent sessions",
@@ -87,28 +81,18 @@ export const SessionListCommand = cmd({
         type: "string",
         choices: ["table", "json"],
         default: "table",
-      })
-  },
-  handler: async (args) => {
-    await bootstrap(process.cwd(), async () => {
-      const sessions = await AppRuntime.runPromise(
-        Session.Service.use((svc) => svc.list({ roots: true, limit: args.maxCount })),
-      )
+      }),
+  handler: Effect.fn("Cli.session.list")(function* (args) {
+    const sessions = yield* Session.Service.use((svc) => svc.list({ roots: true, limit: args.maxCount }))
 
-      if (sessions.length === 0) {
-        return
-      }
+    if (sessions.length === 0) return
 
-      let output: string
-      if (args.format === "json") {
-        output = formatSessionJSON(sessions)
-      } else {
-        output = formatSessionTable(sessions)
-      }
+    const output = args.format === "json" ? formatSessionJSON(sessions) : formatSessionTable(sessions)
 
-      const shouldPaginate = process.stdout.isTTY && !args.maxCount && args.format === "table"
+    const shouldPaginate = process.stdout.isTTY && !args.maxCount && args.format === "table"
 
-      if (shouldPaginate) {
+    if (shouldPaginate) {
+      yield* Effect.promise(async () => {
         const proc = Process.spawn(pagerCmd(), {
           stdin: "pipe",
           stdout: "inherit",
@@ -123,11 +107,11 @@ export const SessionListCommand = cmd({
         proc.stdin.write(output)
         proc.stdin.end()
         await proc.exited
-      } else {
-        console.log(output)
-      }
-    })
-  },
+      })
+    } else {
+      console.log(output)
+    }
+  }),
 })
 
 function formatSessionTable(sessions: Session.Info[]): string {

packages/opencode/src/cli/cmd/stats.ts

@@ -1,12 +1,10 @@
-import type { Argv } from "yargs"
-import { cmd } from "./cmd"
+import { Effect } from "effect"
+import { effectCmd } from "../effect-cmd"
 import { Session } from "@/session/session"
-import { bootstrap } from "../bootstrap"
 import { Database } from "@/storage/db"
 import { SessionTable } from "../../session/session.sql"
 import { Project } from "@/project/project"
-import { Instance } from "../../project/instance"
-import { AppRuntime } from "@/effect/app-runtime"
+import { InstanceRef } from "@/effect/instance-ref"
 
 interface SessionStats {
   totalSessions: number
@@ -47,11 +45,11 @@ interface SessionStats {
   medianTokensPerSession: number
 }
 
-export const StatsCommand = cmd({
+export const StatsCommand = effectCmd({
   command: "stats",
   describe: "show token usage and cost statistics",
-  builder: (yargs: Argv) => {
-    return yargs
+  builder: (yargs) =>
+    yargs
       .option("days", {
         describe: "show stats for the last N days (default: all time)",
         type: "number",
@@ -66,35 +64,32 @@ export const StatsCommand = cmd({
       .option("project", {
         describe: "filter by project (default: all projects, empty string: current project)",
         type: "string",
-      })
-  },
-  handler: async (args) => {
-    await bootstrap(process.cwd(), async () => {
-      const stats = await aggregateSessionStats(args.days, args.project)
-
-      let modelLimit: number | undefined
-      if (args.models === true) {
-        modelLimit = Infinity
-      } else if (typeof args.models === "number") {
-        modelLimit = args.models
-      }
-
-      displayStats(stats, args.tools, modelLimit)
-    })
-  },
+      }),
+  handler: Effect.fn("Cli.stats")(function* (args) {
+    const ctx = yield* InstanceRef
+    if (!ctx) return
+    const stats = yield* aggregateSessionStats(args.days, args.project, ctx.project)
+    let modelLimit: number | undefined
+    if (args.models === true) {
+      modelLimit = Infinity
+    } else if (typeof args.models === "number") {
+      modelLimit = args.models
+    }
+    displayStats(stats, args.tools, modelLimit)
+  }),
 })
 
-async function getCurrentProject(): Promise<Project.Info> {
-  return Instance.project
-}
+const getAllSessions = Effect.sync(() =>
+  Database.use((db) => db.select().from(SessionTable).all()).map((row) => Session.fromRow(row)),
+)
 
-async function getAllSessions(): Promise<Session.Info[]> {
-  const rows = Database.use((db) => db.select().from(SessionTable).all())
-  return rows.map((row) => Session.fromRow(row))
-}
-
-export async function aggregateSessionStats(days?: number, projectFilter?: string): Promise<SessionStats> {
-  const sessions = await getAllSessions()
+const aggregateSessionStats = Effect.fn("Cli.stats.aggregate")(function* (
+  days?: number,
+  projectFilter?: string,
+  currentProject?: Project.Info,
+) {
+  const svc = yield* Session.Service
+  const sessions = yield* getAllSessions
   const MS_IN_DAY = 24 * 60 * 60 * 1000
 
   const cutoffTime = (() => {
@@ -117,7 +112,7 @@ export async function aggregateSessionStats(days?: number, projectFilter?: strin
 
   if (projectFilter !== undefined) {
     if (projectFilter === "") {
-      const currentProject = await getCurrentProject()
+      if (!currentProject) throw new Error("currentProject required when projectFilter is empty string")
       filteredSessions = filteredSessions.filter((session) => session.projectID === currentProject.id)
     } else {
       filteredSessions = filteredSessions.filter((session) => session.projectID === projectFilter)
@@ -163,122 +158,111 @@ export async function aggregateSessionStats(days?: number, projectFilter?: strin
 
   const sessionTotalTokens: number[] = []
 
-  const BATCH_SIZE = 20
-  for (let i = 0; i < filteredSessions.length; i += BATCH_SIZE) {
-    const batch = filteredSessions.slice(i, i + BATCH_SIZE)
+  const results = yield* Effect.forEach(
+    filteredSessions,
+    (session) =>
+      Effect.gen(function* () {
+        const messages = yield* svc.messages({ sessionID: session.id })
 
-    const batchPromises = batch.map(async (session) => {
-      const messages = await AppRuntime.runPromise(
-        Session.Service.use((svc) => svc.messages({ sessionID: session.id })),
-      )
+        let sessionCost = 0
+        let sessionTokens = { input: 0, output: 0, reasoning: 0, cache: { read: 0, write: 0 } }
+        let sessionToolUsage: Record<string, number> = {}
+        let sessionModelUsage: Record<
+          string,
+          {
+            messages: number
+            tokens: { input: number; output: number; cache: { read: number; write: number } }
+            cost: number
+          }
+        > = {}
 
-      let sessionCost = 0
-      let sessionTokens = { input: 0, output: 0, reasoning: 0, cache: { read: 0, write: 0 } }
-      let sessionToolUsage: Record<string, number> = {}
-      let sessionModelUsage: Record<
-        string,
-        {
-          messages: number
-          tokens: {
-            input: number
-            output: number
-            cache: {
-              read: number
-              write: number
+        for (const message of messages) {
+          if (message.info.role === "assistant") {
+            sessionCost += message.info.cost || 0
+
+            const modelKey = `${message.info.providerID}/${message.info.modelID}`
+            if (!sessionModelUsage[modelKey]) {
+              sessionModelUsage[modelKey] = {
+                messages: 0,
+                tokens: { input: 0, output: 0, cache: { read: 0, write: 0 } },
+                cost: 0,
+              }
+            }
+            sessionModelUsage[modelKey].messages++
+            sessionModelUsage[modelKey].cost += message.info.cost || 0
+
+            if (message.info.tokens) {
+              sessionTokens.input += message.info.tokens.input || 0
+              sessionTokens.output += message.info.tokens.output || 0
+              sessionTokens.reasoning += message.info.tokens.reasoning || 0
+              sessionTokens.cache.read += message.info.tokens.cache?.read || 0
+              sessionTokens.cache.write += message.info.tokens.cache?.write || 0
+
+              sessionModelUsage[modelKey].tokens.input += message.info.tokens.input || 0
+              sessionModelUsage[modelKey].tokens.output +=
+                (message.info.tokens.output || 0) + (message.info.tokens.reasoning || 0)
+              sessionModelUsage[modelKey].tokens.cache.read += message.info.tokens.cache?.read || 0
+              sessionModelUsage[modelKey].tokens.cache.write += message.info.tokens.cache?.write || 0
             }
           }
-          cost: number
-        }
-      > = {}
 
-      for (const message of messages) {
-        if (message.info.role === "assistant") {
-          sessionCost += message.info.cost || 0
-
-          const modelKey = `${message.info.providerID}/${message.info.modelID}`
-          if (!sessionModelUsage[modelKey]) {
-            sessionModelUsage[modelKey] = {
-              messages: 0,
-              tokens: { input: 0, output: 0, cache: { read: 0, write: 0 } },
-              cost: 0,
+          for (const part of message.parts) {
+            if (part.type === "tool" && part.tool) {
+              sessionToolUsage[part.tool] = (sessionToolUsage[part.tool] || 0) + 1
             }
           }
-          sessionModelUsage[modelKey].messages++
-          sessionModelUsage[modelKey].cost += message.info.cost || 0
-
-          if (message.info.tokens) {
-            sessionTokens.input += message.info.tokens.input || 0
-            sessionTokens.output += message.info.tokens.output || 0
-            sessionTokens.reasoning += message.info.tokens.reasoning || 0
-            sessionTokens.cache.read += message.info.tokens.cache?.read || 0
-            sessionTokens.cache.write += message.info.tokens.cache?.write || 0
-
-            sessionModelUsage[modelKey].tokens.input += message.info.tokens.input || 0
-            sessionModelUsage[modelKey].tokens.output +=
-              (message.info.tokens.output || 0) + (message.info.tokens.reasoning || 0)
-            sessionModelUsage[modelKey].tokens.cache.read += message.info.tokens.cache?.read || 0
-            sessionModelUsage[modelKey].tokens.cache.write += message.info.tokens.cache?.write || 0
-          }
         }
 
-        for (const part of message.parts) {
-          if (part.type === "tool" && part.tool) {
-            sessionToolUsage[part.tool] = (sessionToolUsage[part.tool] || 0) + 1
-          }
+        return {
+          messageCount: messages.length,
+          sessionCost,
+          sessionTokens,
+          sessionTotalTokens:
+            sessionTokens.input +
+            sessionTokens.output +
+            sessionTokens.reasoning +
+            sessionTokens.cache.read +
+            sessionTokens.cache.write,
+          sessionToolUsage,
+          sessionModelUsage,
+          earliestTime: cutoffTime > 0 ? session.time.updated : session.time.created,
+          latestTime: session.time.updated,
+        }
+      }),
+    { concurrency: 20 },
+  )
+
+  for (const result of results) {
+    earliestTime = Math.min(earliestTime, result.earliestTime)
+    latestTime = Math.max(latestTime, result.latestTime)
+    sessionTotalTokens.push(result.sessionTotalTokens)
+
+    stats.totalMessages += result.messageCount
+    stats.totalCost += result.sessionCost
+    stats.totalTokens.input += result.sessionTokens.input
+    stats.totalTokens.output += result.sessionTokens.output
+    stats.totalTokens.reasoning += result.sessionTokens.reasoning
+    stats.totalTokens.cache.read += result.sessionTokens.cache.read
+    stats.totalTokens.cache.write += result.sessionTokens.cache.write
+
+    for (const [tool, count] of Object.entries(result.sessionToolUsage)) {
+      stats.toolUsage[tool] = (stats.toolUsage[tool] || 0) + count
+    }
+
+    for (const [model, usage] of Object.entries(result.sessionModelUsage)) {
+      if (!stats.modelUsage[model]) {
+        stats.modelUsage[model] = {
+          messages: 0,
+          tokens: { input: 0, output: 0, cache: { read: 0, write: 0 } },
+          cost: 0,
         }
       }
-
-      return {
-        messageCount: messages.length,
-        sessionCost,
-        sessionTokens,
-        sessionTotalTokens:
-          sessionTokens.input +
-          sessionTokens.output +
-          sessionTokens.reasoning +
-          sessionTokens.cache.read +
-          sessionTokens.cache.write,
-        sessionToolUsage,
-        sessionModelUsage,
-        earliestTime: cutoffTime > 0 ? session.time.updated : session.time.created,
-        latestTime: session.time.updated,
-      }
-    })
-
-    const batchResults = await Promise.all(batchPromises)
-
-    for (const result of batchResults) {
-      earliestTime = Math.min(earliestTime, result.earliestTime)
-      latestTime = Math.max(latestTime, result.latestTime)
-      sessionTotalTokens.push(result.sessionTotalTokens)
-
-      stats.totalMessages += result.messageCount
-      stats.totalCost += result.sessionCost
-      stats.totalTokens.input += result.sessionTokens.input
-      stats.totalTokens.output += result.sessionTokens.output
-      stats.totalTokens.reasoning += result.sessionTokens.reasoning
-      stats.totalTokens.cache.read += result.sessionTokens.cache.read
-      stats.totalTokens.cache.write += result.sessionTokens.cache.write
-
-      for (const [tool, count] of Object.entries(result.sessionToolUsage)) {
-        stats.toolUsage[tool] = (stats.toolUsage[tool] || 0) + count
-      }
-
-      for (const [model, usage] of Object.entries(result.sessionModelUsage)) {
-        if (!stats.modelUsage[model]) {
-          stats.modelUsage[model] = {
-            messages: 0,
-            tokens: { input: 0, output: 0, cache: { read: 0, write: 0 } },
-            cost: 0,
-          }
-        }
-        stats.modelUsage[model].messages += usage.messages
-        stats.modelUsage[model].tokens.input += usage.tokens.input
-        stats.modelUsage[model].tokens.output += usage.tokens.output
-        stats.modelUsage[model].tokens.cache.read += usage.tokens.cache.read
-        stats.modelUsage[model].tokens.cache.write += usage.tokens.cache.write
-        stats.modelUsage[model].cost += usage.cost
-      }
+      stats.modelUsage[model].messages += usage.messages
+      stats.modelUsage[model].tokens.input += usage.tokens.input
+      stats.modelUsage[model].tokens.output += usage.tokens.output
+      stats.modelUsage[model].tokens.cache.read += usage.tokens.cache.read
+      stats.modelUsage[model].tokens.cache.write += usage.tokens.cache.write
+      stats.modelUsage[model].cost += usage.cost
     }
   }
 
@@ -307,7 +291,7 @@ export async function aggregateSessionStats(days?: number, projectFilter?: strin
         : sessionTotalTokens[mid]
 
   return stats
-}
+})
 
 export function displayStats(stats: SessionStats, toolLimit?: number, modelLimit?: number) {
   const width = 56

packages/opencode/src/cli/cmd/tui/app.tsx

@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@ import { useEvent } from "@tui/context/event"
 import { SDKProvider, useSDK } from "@tui/context/sdk"
 import { StartupLoading } from "@tui/component/startup-loading"
 import { SyncProvider, useSync } from "@tui/context/sync"
+import { SyncProviderV2 } from "@tui/context/sync-v2"
 import { LocalProvider, useLocal } from "@tui/context/local"
 import { DialogModel } from "@tui/component/dialog-model"
 import { useConnected } from "@tui/component/use-connected"
@@ -168,27 +169,29 @@ export function tui(input: {
                       >
                         <ProjectProvider>
                           <SyncProvider>
-                            <ThemeProvider mode={mode}>
-                              <LocalProvider>
-                                <KeybindProvider>
-                                  <PromptStashProvider>
-                                    <DialogProvider>
-                                      <CommandProvider>
-                                        <FrecencyProvider>
-                                          <PromptHistoryProvider>
-                                            <PromptRefProvider>
-                                              <EditorContextProvider>
-                                                <App onSnapshot={input.onSnapshot} />
-                                              </EditorContextProvider>
-                                            </PromptRefProvider>
-                                          </PromptHistoryProvider>
-                                        </FrecencyProvider>
-                                      </CommandProvider>
-                                    </DialogProvider>
-                                  </PromptStashProvider>
-                                </KeybindProvider>
-                              </LocalProvider>
-                            </ThemeProvider>
+                            <SyncProviderV2>
+                              <ThemeProvider mode={mode}>
+                                <LocalProvider>
+                                  <KeybindProvider>
+                                    <PromptStashProvider>
+                                      <DialogProvider>
+                                        <CommandProvider>
+                                          <FrecencyProvider>
+                                            <PromptHistoryProvider>
+                                              <PromptRefProvider>
+                                                <EditorContextProvider>
+                                                  <App onSnapshot={input.onSnapshot} />
+                                                </EditorContextProvider>
+                                              </PromptRefProvider>
+                                            </PromptHistoryProvider>
+                                          </FrecencyProvider>
+                                        </CommandProvider>
+                                      </DialogProvider>
+                                    </PromptStashProvider>
+                                  </KeybindProvider>
+                                </LocalProvider>
+                              </ThemeProvider>
+                            </SyncProviderV2>
                           </SyncProvider>
                         </ProjectProvider>
                       </SDKProvider>

packages/opencode/src/cli/cmd/tui/component/prompt/index.tsx

@@ -750,9 +750,18 @@ export function Prompt(props: PromptProps) {
       return false
     }
 
+    const variant = local.model.variant.current()
     let sessionID = props.sessionID
     if (sessionID == null) {
-      const res = await sdk.client.session.create({ workspace: props.workspaceID })
+      const res = await sdk.client.session.create({
+        workspace: props.workspaceID,
+        agent: agent.name,
+        model: {
+          providerID: selectedModel.providerID,
+          id: selectedModel.modelID,
+          variant,
+        },
+      })
 
       if (res.error) {
         console.log("Creating a session failed:", res.error)
@@ -792,7 +801,6 @@ export function Prompt(props: PromptProps) {
 
     // Capture mode before it gets reset
     const currentMode = store.mode
-    const variant = local.model.variant.current()
     const editorSelection = editorContext()
     const currentEditorSelectionKey = editorSelectionKey(editorSelection)
     const editorParts =

packages/opencode/src/cli/cmd/tui/context/sync-v2.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,298 @@
+import { useEvent } from "@tui/context/event"
+import type {
+  SessionMessage,
+  SessionMessageAssistant,
+  SessionMessageAssistantReasoning,
+  SessionMessageAssistantText,
+  SessionMessageAssistantTool,
+} from "@opencode-ai/sdk/v2"
+import { createStore, produce, reconcile } from "solid-js/store"
+import { createSimpleContext } from "./helper"
+import { useSDK } from "./sdk"
+
+function activeAssistant(messages: SessionMessage[]) {
+  const index = messages.findLastIndex((message) => message.type === "assistant" && !message.time.completed)
+  if (index < 0) return
+  const assistant = messages[index]
+  return assistant?.type === "assistant" ? assistant : undefined
+}
+
+function activeCompaction(messages: SessionMessage[]) {
+  const index = messages.findLastIndex((message) => message.type === "compaction")
+  if (index < 0) return
+  const compaction = messages[index]
+  return compaction?.type === "compaction" ? compaction : undefined
+}
+
+function activeShell(messages: SessionMessage[], callID: string) {
+  const index = messages.findLastIndex((message) => message.type === "shell" && message.callID === callID)
+  if (index < 0) return
+  const shell = messages[index]
+  return shell?.type === "shell" ? shell : undefined
+}
+
+function latestTool(assistant: SessionMessageAssistant | undefined, callID?: string) {
+  return assistant?.content.findLast(
+    (item): item is SessionMessageAssistantTool => item.type === "tool" && (callID === undefined || item.id === callID),
+  )
+}
+
+function latestText(assistant: SessionMessageAssistant | undefined) {
+  return assistant?.content.findLast((item): item is SessionMessageAssistantText => item.type === "text")
+}
+
+function latestReasoning(assistant: SessionMessageAssistant | undefined, reasoningID: string) {
+  return assistant?.content.findLast(
+    (item): item is SessionMessageAssistantReasoning => item.type === "reasoning" && item.id === reasoningID,
+  )
+}
+
+export const { use: useSyncV2, provider: SyncProviderV2 } = createSimpleContext({
+  name: "SyncV2",
+  init: () => {
+    const [store, setStore] = createStore<{
+      messages: {
+        [sessionID: string]: SessionMessage[]
+      }
+    }>({
+      messages: {},
+    })
+
+    const event = useEvent()
+    const sdk = useSDK()
+
+    function update(sessionID: string, fn: (messages: SessionMessage[]) => void) {
+      setStore(
+        "messages",
+        produce((draft) => {
+          fn((draft[sessionID] ??= []))
+        }),
+      )
+    }
+
+    event.subscribe((event) => {
+      switch (event.type) {
+        case "session.next.prompted": {
+          update(event.properties.sessionID, (draft) => {
+            draft.push({
+              id: event.id,
+              type: "user",
+              text: event.properties.prompt.text,
+              files: event.properties.prompt.files,
+              agents: event.properties.prompt.agents,
+              time: { created: event.properties.timestamp },
+            })
+          })
+          break
+        }
+        case "session.next.synthetic":
+          update(event.properties.sessionID, (draft) => {
+            draft.push({
+              id: event.id,
+              type: "synthetic",
+              sessionID: event.properties.sessionID,
+              text: event.properties.text,
+              time: { created: event.properties.timestamp },
+            })
+          })
+          break
+        case "session.next.shell.started":
+          update(event.properties.sessionID, (draft) => {
+            draft.push({
+              id: event.id,
+              type: "shell",
+              callID: event.properties.callID,
+              command: event.properties.command,
+              output: "",
+              time: { created: event.properties.timestamp },
+            })
+          })
+          break
+        case "session.next.shell.ended":
+          update(event.properties.sessionID, (draft) => {
+            const match = activeShell(draft, event.properties.callID)
+            if (!match) return
+            match.output = event.properties.output
+            match.time.completed = event.properties.timestamp
+          })
+          break
+        case "session.next.step.started":
+          update(event.properties.sessionID, (draft) => {
+            const currentAssistant = activeAssistant(draft)
+            if (currentAssistant) currentAssistant.time.completed = event.properties.timestamp
+            draft.push({
+              id: event.id,
+              type: "assistant",
+              agent: event.properties.agent,
+              model: event.properties.model,
+              content: [],
+              snapshot: event.properties.snapshot ? { start: event.properties.snapshot } : undefined,
+              time: { created: event.properties.timestamp },
+            })
+          })
+          break
+        case "session.next.step.ended":
+          update(event.properties.sessionID, (draft) => {
+            const currentAssistant = activeAssistant(draft)
+            if (!currentAssistant) return
+            currentAssistant.time.completed = event.properties.timestamp
+            currentAssistant.finish = event.properties.finish
+            currentAssistant.cost = event.properties.cost
+            currentAssistant.tokens = event.properties.tokens
+            if (event.properties.snapshot)
+              currentAssistant.snapshot = { ...currentAssistant.snapshot, end: event.properties.snapshot }
+          })
+          break
+        case "session.next.text.started":
+          update(event.properties.sessionID, (draft) => {
+            activeAssistant(draft)?.content.push({ type: "text", text: "" })
+          })
+          break
+        case "session.next.text.delta":
+          update(event.properties.sessionID, (draft) => {
+            const match = latestText(activeAssistant(draft))
+            if (match) match.text += event.properties.delta
+          })
+          break
+        case "session.next.text.ended":
+          update(event.properties.sessionID, (draft) => {
+            const match = latestText(activeAssistant(draft))
+            if (match) match.text = event.properties.text
+          })
+          break
+        case "session.next.tool.input.started":
+          update(event.properties.sessionID, (draft) => {
+            activeAssistant(draft)?.content.push({
+              type: "tool",
+              id: event.properties.callID,
+              name: event.properties.name,
+              time: { created: event.properties.timestamp },
+              state: { status: "pending", input: "" },
+            })
+          })
+          break
+        case "session.next.tool.input.delta":
+          update(event.properties.sessionID, (draft) => {
+            const match = latestTool(activeAssistant(draft), event.properties.callID)
+            if (match?.state.status === "pending") match.state.input += event.properties.delta
+          })
+          break
+        case "session.next.tool.input.ended":
+          break
+        case "session.next.tool.called":
+          update(event.properties.sessionID, (draft) => {
+            const match = latestTool(activeAssistant(draft), event.properties.callID)
+            if (!match) return
+            match.time.ran = event.properties.timestamp
+            match.provider = event.properties.provider
+            match.state = { status: "running", input: event.properties.input, structured: {}, content: [] }
+          })
+          break
+        case "session.next.tool.progress":
+          update(event.properties.sessionID, (draft) => {
+            const match = latestTool(activeAssistant(draft), event.properties.callID)
+            if (match?.state.status !== "running") return
+            match.state.structured = event.properties.structured
+            match.state.content = [...event.properties.content]
+          })
+          break
+        case "session.next.tool.success":
+          update(event.properties.sessionID, (draft) => {
+            const match = latestTool(activeAssistant(draft), event.properties.callID)
+            if (match?.state.status !== "running") return
+            match.state = {
+              status: "completed",
+              input: match.state.input,
+              structured: event.properties.structured,
+              content: [...event.properties.content],
+            }
+            match.provider = event.properties.provider
+            match.time.completed = event.properties.timestamp
+          })
+          break
+        case "session.next.tool.error":
+          update(event.properties.sessionID, (draft) => {
+            const match = latestTool(activeAssistant(draft), event.properties.callID)
+            if (match?.state.status !== "running") return
+            match.state = {
+              status: "error",
+              error: event.properties.error,
+              input: match.state.input,
+              structured: match.state.structured,
+              content: match.state.content,
+            }
+            match.provider = event.properties.provider
+            match.time.completed = event.properties.timestamp
+          })
+          break
+        case "session.next.reasoning.started":
+          update(event.properties.sessionID, (draft) => {
+            activeAssistant(draft)?.content.push({
+              type: "reasoning",
+              id: event.properties.reasoningID,
+              text: "",
+            })
+          })
+          break
+        case "session.next.reasoning.delta":
+          update(event.properties.sessionID, (draft) => {
+            const match = latestReasoning(activeAssistant(draft), event.properties.reasoningID)
+            if (match) match.text += event.properties.delta
+          })
+          break
+        case "session.next.reasoning.ended":
+          update(event.properties.sessionID, (draft) => {
+            const match = latestReasoning(activeAssistant(draft), event.properties.reasoningID)
+            if (match) match.text = event.properties.text
+          })
+          break
+        case "session.next.retried":
+          break
+        case "session.next.compaction.started":
+          update(event.properties.sessionID, (draft) => {
+            draft.push({
+              id: event.id,
+              type: "compaction",
+              reason: event.properties.reason,
+              summary: "",
+              time: { created: event.properties.timestamp },
+            })
+          })
+          break
+        case "session.next.compaction.delta":
+          update(event.properties.sessionID, (draft) => {
+            const match = activeCompaction(draft)
+            if (match) match.summary += event.properties.text
+          })
+          break
+        case "session.next.compaction.ended":
+          update(event.properties.sessionID, (draft) => {
+            const match = activeCompaction(draft)
+            if (!match) return
+            match.summary = event.properties.text
+            match.include = event.properties.include
+          })
+          break
+      }
+    })
+
+    const result = {
+      data: store,
+      session: {
+        message: {
+          async sync(sessionID: string) {
+            const response = await sdk.client.v2.session.messages({ sessionID })
+            setStore("messages", sessionID, reconcile(response.data?.items ?? []))
+          },
+          fromSession(sessionID: string) {
+            const messages = store.messages[sessionID]
+            if (!messages) return []
+            return messages
+          },
+        },
+      },
+    }
+
+    return result
+  },
+})

packages/opencode/src/cli/cmd/tui/plugin/internal.ts

@@ -7,7 +7,9 @@ import SidebarTodo from "../feature-plugins/sidebar/todo"
 import SidebarFiles from "../feature-plugins/sidebar/files"
 import SidebarFooter from "../feature-plugins/sidebar/footer"
 import PluginManager from "../feature-plugins/system/plugins"
+import SessionV2Debug from "../feature-plugins/system/session-v2"
 import type { TuiPlugin, TuiPluginModule } from "@opencode-ai/plugin/tui"
+import { Flag } from "@opencode-ai/core/flag/flag"
 
 export type InternalTuiPlugin = TuiPluginModule & {
   id: string
@@ -24,4 +26,5 @@ export const INTERNAL_TUI_PLUGINS: InternalTuiPlugin[] = [
   SidebarFiles,
   SidebarFooter,
   PluginManager,
+  ...(Flag.OPENCODE_EXPERIMENTAL_EVENT_SYSTEM ? [SessionV2Debug] : []),
 ]

packages/opencode/src/cli/cmd/tui/plugin/runtime.ts

@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ import { TuiConfig } from "@/cli/cmd/tui/config/tui"
 import * as Log from "@opencode-ai/core/util/log"
 import { errorData, errorMessage } from "@/util/error"
 import { isRecord } from "@/util/record"
-import { Instance } from "@/project/instance"
+import { WithInstance } from "@/project/with-instance"
 import {
   readPackageThemes,
   readPluginId,
@@ -790,7 +790,7 @@ async function addPluginBySpec(state: RuntimeState | undefined, raw: string) {
     state.pending.delete(spec)
     return true
   }
-  const ready = await Instance.provide({
+  const ready = await WithInstance.provide({
     directory: state.directory,
     fn: () => resolveExternalPlugins([cfg], () => TuiConfig.waitForDependencies()),
   }).catch((error) => {
@@ -986,7 +986,7 @@ async function load(input: { api: Api; config: TuiConfig.Info }) {
   }
   runtime = next
   try {
-    await Instance.provide({
+    await WithInstance.provide({
       directory: cwd,
       fn: async () => {
         const records = Flag.OPENCODE_PURE ? [] : (config.plugin_origins ?? [])

packages/opencode/src/cli/cmd/tui/routes/session/index.tsx

@@ -37,7 +37,8 @@ import { Locale } from "@/util/locale"
 import type { Tool } from "@/tool/tool"
 import type { ReadTool } from "@/tool/read"
 import type { WriteTool } from "@/tool/write"
-import { BashTool } from "@/tool/bash"
+import { ShellTool } from "@/tool/shell"
+import { ShellID } from "@/tool/shell/id"
 import type { GlobTool } from "@/tool/glob"
 import { TodoWriteTool } from "@/tool/todo"
 import type { GrepTool } from "@/tool/grep"
@@ -1552,8 +1553,8 @@ function ToolPart(props: { last: boolean; part: ToolPart; message: AssistantMess
   return (
     <Show when={!shouldHide()}>
       <Switch>
-        <Match when={props.part.tool === "bash"}>
-          <Bash {...toolprops} />
+        <Match when={props.part.tool === ShellID.ToolID}>
+          <Shell {...toolprops} />
         </Match>
         <Match when={props.part.tool === "glob"}>
           <Glob {...toolprops} />
@@ -1784,7 +1785,7 @@ function BlockTool(props: {
   )
 }
 
-function Bash(props: ToolProps<typeof BashTool>) {
+function Shell(props: ToolProps<typeof ShellTool>) {
   const { theme } = useTheme()
   const sync = useSync()
   const isRunning = createMemo(() => props.part.state.status === "running")

packages/opencode/src/cli/cmd/tui/routes/session/permission.tsx

@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ import { LANGUAGE_EXTENSIONS } from "@/lsp/language"
 import { Keybind } from "@/util/keybind"
 import { Locale } from "@/util/locale"
 import { Global } from "@opencode-ai/core/global"
+import { ShellID } from "@/tool/shell/id"
 import { useDialog } from "../../ui/dialog"
 import { getScrollAcceleration } from "../../util/scroll"
 import { useTuiConfig } from "../../context/tui-config"
@@ -287,7 +288,7 @@ export function PermissionPrompt(props: { request: PermissionRequest }) {
               }
             }
 
-            if (permission === "bash") {
+            if (permission === ShellID.ToolID) {
               const title =
                 typeof data.description === "string" && data.description ? data.description : "Shell command"
               const command = typeof data.command === "string" ? data.command : ""

packages/opencode/src/cli/cmd/tui/worker.ts

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 import { Installation } from "@/installation"
 import { Server } from "@/server/server"
 import * as Log from "@opencode-ai/core/util/log"
-import { Instance } from "@/project/instance"
-import { InstanceStore } from "@/project/instance-store"
+import { InstanceRuntime } from "@/project/instance-runtime"
+import { WithInstance } from "@/project/with-instance"
 import { Rpc } from "@/util/rpc"
 import { upgrade } from "@/cli/upgrade"
 import { Config } from "@/config/config"
@@ -10,8 +10,10 @@ import { GlobalBus } from "@/bus/global"
 import { Flag } from "@opencode-ai/core/flag/flag"
 import { writeHeapSnapshot } from "node:v8"
 import { Heap } from "@/cli/heap"
-import { AppRuntime, getBootstrapRunEffect } from "@/effect/app-runtime"
+import { AppRuntime } from "@/effect/app-runtime"
 import { ensureProcessMetadata } from "@opencode-ai/core/util/opencode-process"
+import { Effect } from "effect"
+import { disposeAllInstancesAndEmitGlobalDisposed } from "@/server/global-lifecycle"
 
 ensureProcessMetadata("worker")
 
@@ -75,21 +77,26 @@ export const rpc = {
     return { url: server.url.toString() }
   },
   async checkUpgrade(input: { directory: string }) {
-    await Instance.provide({
+    await WithInstance.provide({
       directory: input.directory,
-      init: await getBootstrapRunEffect(),
       fn: async () => {
         await upgrade().catch(() => {})
       },
     })
   },
   async reload() {
-    await AppRuntime.runPromise(Config.Service.use((cfg) => cfg.invalidate(true)))
+    await AppRuntime.runPromise(
+      Effect.gen(function* () {
+        const cfg = yield* Config.Service
+        yield* cfg.invalidate()
+        yield* disposeAllInstancesAndEmitGlobalDisposed({ swallowErrors: true })
+      }),
+    )
   },
   async shutdown() {
     Log.Default.info("worker shutting down")
 
-    await InstanceStore.disposeAllInstances()
+    await InstanceRuntime.disposeAllInstances()
     if (server) await server.stop(true)
   },
 }

packages/opencode/src/cli/cmd/web.ts

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
+import { Effect } from "effect"
 import { Server } from "../../server/server"
 import { UI } from "../ui"
-import { cmd } from "./cmd"
+import { effectCmd } from "../effect-cmd"
 import { withNetworkOptions, resolveNetworkOptions } from "../network"
 import { Flag } from "@opencode-ai/core/flag/flag"
 import open from "open"
@@ -28,16 +29,19 @@ function getNetworkIPs() {
   return results
 }
 
-export const WebCommand = cmd({
+export const WebCommand = effectCmd({
   command: "web",
   builder: (yargs) => withNetworkOptions(yargs),
   describe: "start opencode server and open web interface",
-  handler: async (args) => {
+  // Server loads instances per-request via x-opencode-directory header — no
+  // ambient project InstanceContext needed at startup.
+  instance: false,
+  handler: Effect.fn("Cli.web")(function* (args) {
     if (!Flag.OPENCODE_SERVER_PASSWORD) {
       UI.println(UI.Style.TEXT_WARNING_BOLD + "!  OPENCODE_SERVER_PASSWORD is not set; server is unsecured.")
     }
-    const opts = await resolveNetworkOptions(args)
-    const server = await Server.listen(opts)
+    const opts = yield* Effect.promise(() => resolveNetworkOptions(args))
+    const server = yield* Effect.promise(() => Server.listen(opts))
     UI.empty()
     UI.println(UI.logo("  "))
     UI.empty()
@@ -75,7 +79,6 @@ export const WebCommand = cmd({
       open(displayUrl).catch(() => {})
     }
 
-    await new Promise(() => {})
-    await server.stop()
-  },
+    yield* Effect.never
+  }),
 })

packages/opencode/src/cli/effect-cmd.ts

@@ -2,7 +2,8 @@ import type { Argv } from "yargs"
 import { Effect, Schema } from "effect"
 import { AppRuntime, type AppServices } from "@/effect/app-runtime"
 import { InstanceStore } from "@/project/instance-store"
-import { cmd } from "./cmd/cmd"
+import { InstanceRef } from "@/effect/instance-ref"
+import { cmd, type WithDoubleDash } from "./cmd/cmd"
 
 /**
  * User-visible command failure. Throw via `fail("...")` from an effectCmd handler
@@ -17,10 +18,47 @@ export class CliError extends Schema.TaggedErrorClass<CliError>()("CliError", {
 
 export const fail = (message: string, exitCode = 1) => Effect.fail(new CliError({ message, exitCode }))
 
+interface EffectCmdOpts<Args, A> {
+  command: string | readonly string[]
+  aliases?: string | readonly string[]
+  describe: string | false
+  builder?: (yargs: Argv) => Argv<Args>
+  /**
+   * Whether the command needs a project InstanceContext. Defaults to true.
+   *
+   * `true` (default): wraps the handler in `InstanceStore.Service.provide({directory})`
+   * so `InstanceRef` resolves to a loaded `InstanceContext`. Auto-disposes via
+   * `Effect.ensuring(store.dispose(ctx))` on every Exit (matches the legacy
+   * `bootstrap()` finally-disposal). Runs InstanceBootstrap (config + plugin
+   * init + LSP/File/etc forks) eagerly.
+   *
+   * `false`: skip the instance entirely. Saves the InstanceBootstrap work and
+   * suppresses the `server.instance.disposed` IPC event. The handler runs
+   * directly under AppRuntime — it can yield any `AppServices` but must not
+   * yield `InstanceRef` (it'd be undefined, causing a defect).
+   *
+   * Function form: `(args) => boolean` decides per-invocation. Useful for
+   * commands like `run --attach <url>` where one flag flips between local
+   * (needs instance) and remote (doesn't).
+   *
+   * Use `false` for commands that don't read project state (e.g. `models`,
+   * `serve`, `web`, `account`, `db`, `upgrade`).
+   */
+  instance?: boolean | ((args: Args) => boolean)
+  /** Defaults to process.cwd(). Override for commands that take a directory positional. */
+  directory?: (args: Args) => string
+  handler: (args: WithDoubleDash<Args>) => Effect.Effect<A, CliError, AppServices | InstanceStore.Service>
+}
+
 /**
  * Effect-native CLI command builder. Wraps yargs `cmd()` so the handler body is
  * an `Effect` with `InstanceRef` provided and any `AppServices` yieldable.
  *
+ * The handler is wrapped in `Effect.ensuring(store.dispose(ctx))` so the loaded
+ * InstanceContext is disposed (runDisposers + IPC `server.instance.disposed`)
+ * on every Exit — success, typed failure, defect, or interruption. Matches the
+ * legacy `bootstrap()` finally-disposal semantics without per-handler boilerplate.
+ *
  * Errors propagate to the existing top-level handler in `src/index.ts`; use
  * `fail("...")` for user-visible domain failures (clean exit, formatted message).
  *
@@ -29,22 +67,32 @@ export const fail = (message: string, exitCode = 1) => Effect.fail(new CliError(
  * `effectCmd`, swapping the underlying `cmd()` factory for effect/cli's
  * `Command.make(...)` won't touch any handler bodies.
  */
-export const effectCmd = <Args, A>(opts: {
-  command: string | readonly string[]
-  describe: string | false
-  builder?: (yargs: Argv) => Argv<Args>
-  /** Defaults to process.cwd(). Override for commands that take a directory positional. */
-  directory?: (args: Args) => string
-  handler: (args: Args) => Effect.Effect<A, CliError, AppServices | InstanceStore.Service>
-}) =>
+export const effectCmd = <Args, A>(opts: EffectCmdOpts<Args, A>) =>
   cmd<{}, Args>({
     command: opts.command,
+    aliases: opts.aliases,
     describe: opts.describe,
     builder: opts.builder as never,
     async handler(rawArgs) {
       // yargs typing wraps Args in ArgumentsCamelCase<WithDoubleDash<...>>; cast at the boundary.
-      const args = rawArgs as unknown as Args
+      const args = rawArgs as unknown as WithDoubleDash<Args>
+      const useInstance = typeof opts.instance === "function" ? opts.instance(args) : opts.instance !== false
+      if (!useInstance) {
+        await AppRuntime.runPromise(opts.handler(args))
+        return
+      }
       const directory = opts.directory?.(args) ?? process.cwd()
-      await AppRuntime.runPromise(InstanceStore.Service.use((s) => s.provide({ directory }, opts.handler(args))))
+      await AppRuntime.runPromise(
+        InstanceStore.Service.use((store) =>
+          store.provide(
+            { directory },
+            Effect.gen(function* () {
+              const ctx = yield* InstanceRef
+              const body = opts.handler(args)
+              return ctx ? yield* body.pipe(Effect.ensuring(store.dispose(ctx))) : yield* body
+            }),
+          ),
+        ),
+      )
     },
   })

packages/opencode/src/config/config.ts

@@ -12,11 +12,8 @@ import { Auth } from "../auth"
 import { Env } from "../env"
 import { applyEdits, modify } from "jsonc-parser"
 import { type InstanceContext } from "../project/instance"
-import { InstanceStore } from "../project/instance-store"
 import { InstallationLocal, InstallationVersion } from "@opencode-ai/core/installation/version"
 import { existsSync } from "fs"
-import { GlobalBus } from "@/bus/global"
-import { Event } from "../server/event"
 import { Account } from "@/account/account"
 import { isRecord } from "@/util/record"
 import type { ConsoleState } from "./console-state"
@@ -195,8 +192,14 @@ export const Info = Schema.Struct({
       ]),
     ),
   ).annotate({ description: "MCP (Model Context Protocol) server configurations" }),
-  formatter: Schema.optional(ConfigFormatter.Info),
-  lsp: Schema.optional(ConfigLSP.Info),
+  formatter: Schema.optional(ConfigFormatter.Info).annotate({
+    description:
+      "Enable or configure formatters. Omit or set to false to disable, true to enable built-ins, or an object to enable built-ins with overrides.",
+  }),
+  lsp: Schema.optional(ConfigLSP.Info).annotate({
+    description:
+      "Enable or configure LSP servers. Omit or set to false to disable, true to enable built-ins, or an object to enable built-ins with overrides.",
+  }),
   instructions: Schema.optional(Schema.mutable(Schema.Array(Schema.String))).annotate({
     description: "Additional instruction files or patterns to include",
   }),
@@ -289,9 +292,9 @@ export interface Interface {
   readonly get: () => Effect.Effect<Info>
   readonly getGlobal: () => Effect.Effect<Info>
   readonly getConsoleState: () => Effect.Effect<ConsoleState>
-  readonly update: (config: Info, options?: { dispose?: boolean }) => Effect.Effect<void>
-  readonly updateGlobal: (config: Info) => Effect.Effect<Info>
-  readonly invalidate: (wait?: boolean) => Effect.Effect<void>
+  readonly update: (config: Info) => Effect.Effect<void>
+  readonly updateGlobal: (config: Info) => Effect.Effect<{ info: Info; changed: boolean }>
+  readonly invalidate: () => Effect.Effect<void>
   readonly directories: () => Effect.Effect<string[]>
   readonly waitForDependencies: () => Effect.Effect<void>
 }
@@ -495,7 +498,7 @@ export const layer = Layer.effect(
             const url = key.replace(/\/+$/, "")
             process.env[value.key] = value.token
             log.debug("fetching remote config", { url: `${url}/.well-known/opencode` })
-            const response = yield* Effect.promise(() => fetch(`${url}/.well-known/opencode`))
+            const response = yield* Effect.tryPromise(() => fetch(`${url}/.well-known/opencode`)).pipe(Effect.mapError((cause) => new Error(`failed to fetch remote config from wellknown provider ${url}: ${cause}`)))
             if (!response.ok) {
               throw new Error(`failed to fetch remote config from ${url}: ${response.status}`)
             }
@@ -730,37 +733,17 @@ export const layer = Layer.effect(
       )
     })
 
-    const update = Effect.fn("Config.update")(function* (config: Info, options?: { dispose?: boolean }) {
+    const update = Effect.fn("Config.update")(function* (config: Info) {
       const dir = yield* InstanceState.directory
       const file = path.join(dir, "config.json")
       const existing = yield* loadFile(file)
       yield* fs
         .writeFileString(file, JSON.stringify(mergeDeep(writable(existing), writable(config)), null, 2))
         .pipe(Effect.orDie)
-      if (options?.dispose !== false) {
-        // Fail loudly if no instance is bound — silently skipping would
-        // mask "config update without an active instance" bugs. The throw
-        // comes from `Instance.current` inside `InstanceState.context`.
-        const ctx = yield* InstanceState.context
-        yield* Effect.promise(() => InstanceStore.disposeInstance(ctx))
-      }
     })
 
-    const invalidate = Effect.fn("Config.invalidate")(function* (wait?: boolean) {
+    const invalidate = Effect.fn("Config.invalidate")(function* () {
       yield* invalidateGlobal
-      const task = InstanceStore.disposeAllInstances()
-        .catch(() => undefined)
-        .finally(() =>
-          GlobalBus.emit("event", {
-            directory: "global",
-            payload: {
-              type: Event.Disposed.type,
-              properties: {},
-            },
-          }),
-        )
-      if (wait) yield* Effect.promise(() => task)
-      else void task
     })
 
     const updateGlobal = Effect.fn("Config.updateGlobal")(function* (config: Info) {
@@ -784,9 +767,8 @@ export const layer = Layer.effect(
         if (changed) yield* fs.writeFileString(file, updated).pipe(Effect.orDie)
       }
 
-      // Only tear down running instances if the config actually changed.
       if (changed) yield* invalidate()
-      return next
+      return { info: next, changed }
     })
 
     return Service.of({

packages/opencode/src/effect/app-runtime.ts

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import { Effect, Layer, ManagedRuntime } from "effect"
+import { Layer, ManagedRuntime } from "effect"
 import { attach } from "./run-service"
 import * as Observability from "@opencode-ai/core/effect/observability"
 
@@ -40,8 +40,7 @@ import { Command } from "@/command"
 import { Truncate } from "@/tool/truncate"
 import { ToolRegistry } from "@/tool/registry"
 import { Format } from "@/format"
-import { InstanceBootstrap } from "@/project/bootstrap"
-import { InstanceStore } from "@/project/instance-store"
+import { InstanceLayer } from "@/project/instance-layer"
 import { Project } from "@/project/project"
 import { Vcs } from "@/project/vcs"
 import { Workspace } from "@/control-plane/workspace"
@@ -94,18 +93,16 @@ export const AppLayer = Layer.mergeAll(
   Truncate.defaultLayer,
   ToolRegistry.defaultLayer,
   Format.defaultLayer,
-  InstanceBootstrap.defaultLayer,
-  InstanceStore.defaultLayer,
   Project.defaultLayer,
   Vcs.defaultLayer,
   Workspace.defaultLayer,
-  Worktree.defaultLayer,
+  Worktree.appLayer,
   Pty.defaultLayer,
   Installation.defaultLayer,
   ShareNext.defaultLayer,
   SessionShare.defaultLayer,
   SyncEvent.defaultLayer,
-).pipe(Layer.provideMerge(Observability.layer))
+).pipe(Layer.provideMerge(InstanceLayer.layer), Layer.provideMerge(Observability.layer))
 
 const rt = ManagedRuntime.make(AppLayer, { memoMap })
 type Runtime = Pick<typeof rt, "runSync" | "runPromise" | "runPromiseExit" | "runFork" | "runCallback" | "dispose">
@@ -132,15 +129,3 @@ export const AppRuntime: Runtime = {
   },
   dispose: () => rt.dispose(),
 }
-
-let bootstrapRun: Promise<Effect.Effect<void>>
-export function getBootstrapRunEffect(): Promise<Effect.Effect<void>> {
-  if (!bootstrapRun) {
-    bootstrapRun = AppRuntime.runPromise(
-      Effect.gen(function* () {
-        return (yield* InstanceBootstrap.Service).run
-      }),
-    )
-  }
-  return bootstrapRun
-}

packages/opencode/src/file/watcher.ts

@@ -123,7 +123,9 @@ export const layer = Layer.effect(
           const cfgIgnores = cfg.watcher?.ignore ?? []
 
           if (yield* Flag.OPENCODE_EXPERIMENTAL_FILEWATCHER) {
-            yield* subscribe(ctx.directory, [...FileIgnore.PATTERNS, ...cfgIgnores, ...protecteds(ctx.directory)])
+            yield* Effect.forkScoped(
+              subscribe(ctx.directory, [...FileIgnore.PATTERNS, ...cfgIgnores, ...protecteds(ctx.directory)]),
+            )
           }
 
           if (ctx.project.vcs === "git") {
@@ -135,7 +137,7 @@ export const layer = Layer.effect(
               const ignore = (yield* Effect.promise(() => readdir(vcsDir).catch(() => []))).filter(
                 (entry) => entry !== "HEAD",
               )
-              yield* subscribe(vcsDir, ignore)
+              yield* Effect.forkScoped(subscribe(vcsDir, ignore))
             }
           }
         },

packages/opencode/src/permission/index.ts

@@ -144,7 +144,6 @@ interface State {
 }
 
 export function evaluate(permission: string, pattern: string, ...rulesets: Ruleset[]): Rule {
-  log.info("evaluate", { permission, pattern, ruleset: rulesets.flat() })
   return evalRule(permission, pattern, ...rulesets)
 }
 

packages/opencode/src/project/bootstrap-service.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+import { Context, Effect } from "effect"
+
+export interface Interface {
+  readonly run: Effect.Effect<void>
+}
+
+export class Service extends Context.Service<Service, Interface>()("@opencode/InstanceBootstrap") {}
+
+export * as InstanceBootstrap from "./bootstrap-service"

packages/opencode/src/project/bootstrap.ts

@@ -6,32 +6,29 @@ import { Snapshot } from "../snapshot"
 import * as Project from "./project"
 import * as Vcs from "./vcs"
 import { Bus } from "../bus"
-import { Command } from "../command"
 import { InstanceState } from "@/effect/instance-state"
 import { FileWatcher } from "@/file/watcher"
 import { ShareNext } from "@/share/share-next"
-import { Context, Effect, Layer } from "effect"
+import { Effect, Layer } from "effect"
 import { Config } from "@/config/config"
+import { Service } from "./bootstrap-service"
 
-export interface Interface {
-  readonly run: Effect.Effect<void>
-}
-
-export class Service extends Context.Service<Service, Interface>()("@opencode/InstanceBootstrap") {}
+export { Service } from "./bootstrap-service"
+export type { Interface } from "./bootstrap-service"
 
 export const layer = Layer.effect(
   Service,
   Effect.gen(function* () {
     // Yield each bootstrap dep at layer init so `run` itself has R = never.
-    // This breaks the circular declaration loop through Config → Instance → InstanceStore
-    // (instance-store.ts only yields this Service tag, never the impl-side services).
-    const bus = yield* Bus.Service
+    // InstanceStore imports only the lightweight tag from bootstrap-service.ts,
+    // so it can depend on bootstrap without importing this implementation graph.
     const config = yield* Config.Service
     const file = yield* File.Service
     const fileWatcher = yield* FileWatcher.Service
     const format = yield* Format.Service
     const lsp = yield* LSP.Service
     const plugin = yield* Plugin.Service
+    const project = yield* Project.Service
     const shareNext = yield* ShareNext.Service
     const snapshot = yield* Snapshot.Service
     const vcs = yield* Vcs.Service
@@ -43,16 +40,13 @@ export const layer = Layer.effect(
       yield* config.get()
       // Plugin can mutate config so it has to be initialized before anything else.
       yield* plugin.init()
-      yield* Effect.all(
-        [lsp, shareNext, format, file, fileWatcher, vcs, snapshot].map((s) => Effect.forkDetach(s.init())),
+      // Each service self-manages its own slow work via Effect.forkScoped against
+      // its per-instance state scope. We just await materialization here.
+      yield* Effect.forEach(
+        [lsp, shareNext, format, file, fileWatcher, vcs, snapshot, project],
+        (s) => s.init().pipe(Effect.catchCause((cause) => Effect.logWarning("init failed", { cause }))),
+        { concurrency: "unbounded", discard: true },
       ).pipe(Effect.withSpan("InstanceBootstrap.init"))
-
-      const projectID = ctx.project.id
-      yield* bus.subscribeCallback(Command.Event.Executed, async (payload) => {
-        if (payload.properties.name === Command.Default.INIT) {
-          Project.setInitialized(projectID)
-        }
-      })
     }).pipe(Effect.withSpan("InstanceBootstrap"))
 
     return Service.of({ run })

packages/opencode/src/project/instance-layer.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+import { Effect, Layer } from "effect"
+import { InstanceStore } from "./instance-store"
+
+export const layer = Layer.unwrap(
+  Effect.promise(async () => {
+    const { InstanceBootstrap } = await import("./bootstrap")
+    return InstanceStore.defaultLayer.pipe(Layer.provide(InstanceBootstrap.defaultLayer))
+  }),
+)
+
+export * as InstanceLayer from "./instance-layer"

packages/opencode/src/project/instance-runtime.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+import { AppRuntime } from "@/effect/app-runtime"
+import { type InstanceContext } from "./instance-context"
+import { InstanceStore, type LoadInput } from "./instance-store"
+
+// Bridge for Promise/ALS callers that cannot yet yield InstanceStore.Service.
+// Delete this module once those callers are migrated to Effect boundaries that
+// provide InstanceStore directly.
+
+export const load = (input: LoadInput) => AppRuntime.runPromise(InstanceStore.Service.use((store) => store.load(input)))
+export const disposeInstance = (ctx: InstanceContext) =>
+  AppRuntime.runPromise(InstanceStore.Service.use((store) => store.dispose(ctx)))
+export const disposeAllInstances = () => AppRuntime.runPromise(InstanceStore.Service.use((store) => store.disposeAll()))
+export const reloadInstance = (input: LoadInput) =>
+  AppRuntime.runPromise(InstanceStore.Service.use((store) => store.reload(input)))
+
+export * as InstanceRuntime from "./instance-runtime"

packages/opencode/src/project/instance-store.ts

@@ -2,32 +2,24 @@ import { GlobalBus } from "@/bus/global"
 import { WorkspaceContext } from "@/control-plane/workspace-context"
 import { InstanceRef } from "@/effect/instance-ref"
 import { disposeInstance as runDisposers } from "@/effect/instance-registry"
-import { makeRuntime } from "@/effect/run-service"
 import { AppFileSystem } from "@opencode-ai/core/filesystem"
 import { Context, Deferred, Duration, Effect, Exit, Layer, Scope } from "effect"
 import { type InstanceContext } from "./instance-context"
+import { InstanceBootstrap } from "./bootstrap-service"
 import * as Project from "./project"
 
-export interface LoadInput<R = never> {
+export interface LoadInput {
   directory: string
-  /**
-   * Additional setup to run after the default InstanceBootstrap.
-   * Mainly used by tests for env-var setup or file writes that need the instance ALS context.
-   */
-  init?: Effect.Effect<void, never, R>
   worktree?: string
   project?: Project.Info
 }
 
 export interface Interface {
-  readonly load: <R = never>(input: LoadInput<R>) => Effect.Effect<InstanceContext, never, R>
-  readonly reload: <R = never>(input: LoadInput<R>) => Effect.Effect<InstanceContext, never, R>
+  readonly load: (input: LoadInput) => Effect.Effect<InstanceContext>
+  readonly reload: (input: LoadInput) => Effect.Effect<InstanceContext>
   readonly dispose: (ctx: InstanceContext) => Effect.Effect<void>
   readonly disposeAll: () => Effect.Effect<void>
-  readonly provide: <A, E, R, R2 = never>(
-    input: LoadInput<R2>,
-    effect: Effect.Effect<A, E, R>,
-  ) => Effect.Effect<A, E, R | R2>
+  readonly provide: <A, E, R>(input: LoadInput, effect: Effect.Effect<A, E, R>) => Effect.Effect<A, E, R>
 }
 
 export class Service extends Context.Service<Service, Interface>()("@opencode/InstanceStore") {}
@@ -36,14 +28,15 @@ interface Entry {
   readonly deferred: Deferred.Deferred<InstanceContext>
 }
 
-export const layer: Layer.Layer<Service, never, Project.Service> = Layer.effect(
+export const layer: Layer.Layer<Service, never, Project.Service | InstanceBootstrap.Service> = Layer.effect(
   Service,
   Effect.gen(function* () {
     const project = yield* Project.Service
+    const bootstrap = yield* InstanceBootstrap.Service
     const scope = yield* Scope.Scope
     const cache = new Map<string, Entry>()
 
-    const boot = <R>(input: LoadInput<R> & { directory: string }) =>
+    const boot = (input: LoadInput & { directory: string }) =>
       Effect.gen(function* () {
         const ctx: InstanceContext =
           input.project && input.worktree
@@ -59,7 +52,7 @@ export const layer: Layer.Layer<Service, never, Project.Service> = Layer.effect(
                   project: result.project,
                 })),
               )
-        if (input.init) yield* input.init.pipe(Effect.provideService(InstanceRef, ctx))
+        yield* bootstrap.run.pipe(Effect.provideService(InstanceRef, ctx))
         return ctx
       }).pipe(Effect.withSpan("InstanceStore.boot"))
 
@@ -70,7 +63,7 @@ export const layer: Layer.Layer<Service, never, Project.Service> = Layer.effect(
         return true
       })
 
-    const completeLoad = <R>(directory: string, input: LoadInput<R>, entry: Entry) =>
+    const completeLoad = (directory: string, input: LoadInput, entry: Entry) =>
       Effect.gen(function* () {
         const exit = yield* Effect.exit(boot({ ...input, directory }))
         if (Exit.isFailure(exit)) yield* removeEntry(directory, entry)
@@ -106,7 +99,7 @@ export const layer: Layer.Layer<Service, never, Project.Service> = Layer.effect(
       return true
     })
 
-    const load = <R>(input: LoadInput<R>): Effect.Effect<InstanceContext, never, R> => {
+    const load = (input: LoadInput): Effect.Effect<InstanceContext> => {
       const directory = AppFileSystem.resolve(input.directory)
       return Effect.uninterruptibleMask((restore) =>
         Effect.gen(function* () {
@@ -124,7 +117,7 @@ export const layer: Layer.Layer<Service, never, Project.Service> = Layer.effect(
       ).pipe(Effect.withSpan("InstanceStore.load"))
     }
 
-    const reload = <R>(input: LoadInput<R>): Effect.Effect<InstanceContext, never, R> => {
+    const reload = (input: LoadInput): Effect.Effect<InstanceContext> => {
       const directory = AppFileSystem.resolve(input.directory)
       return Effect.uninterruptibleMask((restore) =>
         Effect.gen(function* () {
@@ -178,7 +171,7 @@ export const layer: Layer.Layer<Service, never, Project.Service> = Layer.effect(
       return yield* cachedDisposeAll
     })
 
-    const provide = <A, E, R, R2>(input: LoadInput<R2>, effect: Effect.Effect<A, E, R>): Effect.Effect<A, E, R | R2> =>
+    const provide = <A, E, R>(input: LoadInput, effect: Effect.Effect<A, E, R>): Effect.Effect<A, E, R> =>
       load(input).pipe(Effect.flatMap((ctx) => effect.pipe(Effect.provideService(InstanceRef, ctx))))
 
     yield* Effect.addFinalizer(() => disposeAll().pipe(Effect.ignore))
@@ -195,13 +188,4 @@ export const layer: Layer.Layer<Service, never, Project.Service> = Layer.effect(
 
 export const defaultLayer = layer.pipe(Layer.provide(Project.defaultLayer))
 
-export const runtime = makeRuntime(Service, defaultLayer)
-
-// Promise-returning helpers for callers without an Effect runtime in scope.
-// They route through `runtime` (not a yielded Service from a fresh runtime)
-// so they share the cache that `Instance.provide` populates.
-export const disposeInstance = (ctx: InstanceContext) => runtime.runPromise((store) => store.dispose(ctx))
-export const disposeAllInstances = () => runtime.runPromise((store) => store.disposeAll())
-export const reloadInstance = (input: LoadInput) => runtime.runPromise((store) => store.reload(input))
-
 export * as InstanceStore from "./instance-store"

packages/opencode/src/project/instance.ts

@@ -1,17 +1,8 @@
-import { Effect } from "effect"
 import { context, type InstanceContext } from "./instance-context"
-import { InstanceStore } from "./instance-store"
 
 export type { InstanceContext } from "./instance-context"
-export type { LoadInput } from "./instance-store"
 
 export const Instance = {
-  async provide<R>(input: { directory: string; init?: Effect.Effect<void>; fn: () => R }): Promise<R> {
-    const ctx = await InstanceStore.runtime.runPromise((store) =>
-      store.load({ directory: input.directory, init: input.init }),
-    )
-    return context.provide(ctx, async () => input.fn())
-  },
   get current() {
     return context.use()
   },

packages/opencode/src/project/project.ts

@@ -10,6 +10,9 @@ import { BusEvent } from "@/bus/bus-event"
 import { GlobalBus } from "@/bus/global"
 import { which } from "../util/which"
 import { ProjectID } from "./schema"
+import { Bus } from "@/bus"
+import { Command } from "@/command"
+import { InstanceState } from "@/effect/instance-state"
 import { Effect, Layer, Path, Scope, Context, Stream, Types, Schema } from "effect"
 import { ChildProcess, ChildProcessSpawner } from "effect/unstable/process"
 import { NodePath } from "@effect/platform-node"
@@ -108,6 +111,12 @@ export type UpdatePayload = Types.DeepMutable<Schema.Schema.Type<typeof UpdatePa
 // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 export interface Interface {
+  /**
+   * Per-instance setup. Subscribes to the `/init` slash command for the
+   * current instance and stamps the project's initialized timestamp when it
+   * fires. Subscription lifetime is tied to the per-instance state scope.
+   */
+  readonly init: () => Effect.Effect<void>
   readonly fromDirectory: (directory: string) => Effect.Effect<{ project: Info; sandbox: string }>
   readonly discover: (input: Info) => Effect.Effect<void>
   readonly list: () => Effect.Effect<Info[]>
@@ -127,13 +136,14 @@ type GitResult = { code: number; text: string; stderr: string }
 export const layer: Layer.Layer<
   Service,
   never,
-  AppFileSystem.Service | Path.Path | ChildProcessSpawner.ChildProcessSpawner
+  AppFileSystem.Service | Path.Path | ChildProcessSpawner.ChildProcessSpawner | Bus.Service
 > = Layer.effect(
   Service,
   Effect.gen(function* () {
     const fs = yield* AppFileSystem.Service
     const pathSvc = yield* Path.Path
     const spawner = yield* ChildProcessSpawner.ChildProcessSpawner
+    const bus = yield* Bus.Service
 
     const git = Effect.fnUntraced(
       function* (args: string[], opts?: { cwd?: string }) {
@@ -417,6 +427,21 @@ export const layer: Layer.Layer<
       )
     })
 
+    const initState = yield* InstanceState.make(
+      Effect.fn("Project.initState")(function* (ctx) {
+        yield* bus.subscribe(Command.Event.Executed).pipe(
+          Stream.runForEach((payload) =>
+            payload.properties.name === Command.Default.INIT ? setInitialized(ctx.project.id) : Effect.void,
+          ),
+          Effect.forkScoped,
+        )
+      }),
+    )
+
+    const init = Effect.fn("Project.init")(function* () {
+      yield* InstanceState.get(initState)
+    })
+
     const sandboxes = Effect.fn("Project.sandboxes")(function* (id: ProjectID) {
       const row = yield* db((d) => d.select().from(ProjectTable).where(eq(ProjectTable.id, id)).get())
       if (!row) return []
@@ -466,6 +491,7 @@ export const layer: Layer.Layer<
     })
 
     return Service.of({
+      init,
       fromDirectory,
       discover,
       list,
@@ -481,6 +507,7 @@ export const layer: Layer.Layer<
 )
 
 export const defaultLayer = layer.pipe(
+  Layer.provide(Bus.defaultLayer),
   Layer.provide(CrossSpawnSpawner.defaultLayer),
   Layer.provide(AppFileSystem.defaultLayer),
   Layer.provide(NodePath.layer),

packages/opencode/src/project/with-instance.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+import { AppRuntime } from "@/effect/app-runtime"
+import { context } from "./instance-context"
+import { InstanceStore } from "./instance-store"
+
+export async function provide<R>(input: { directory: string; fn: () => R }): Promise<R> {
+  const ctx = await AppRuntime.runPromise(
+    InstanceStore.Service.use((store) => store.load({ directory: input.directory })),
+  )
+  return context.provide(ctx, () => input.fn())
+}
+
+export * as WithInstance from "./with-instance"

packages/opencode/src/server/global-lifecycle.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+import { GlobalBus } from "@/bus/global"
+import { InstanceStore } from "@/project/instance-store"
+import * as Log from "@opencode-ai/core/util/log"
+import { Effect } from "effect"
+import { Event } from "./event"
+
+const log = Log.create({ service: "server" })
+
+export const emitGlobalDisposed = Effect.sync(() =>
+  GlobalBus.emit("event", {
+    directory: "global",
+    payload: {
+      type: Event.Disposed.type,
+      properties: {},
+    },
+  }),
+)
+
+export const disposeAllInstancesAndEmitGlobalDisposed = Effect.fn("Server.disposeAllInstancesAndEmitGlobalDisposed")(
+  function* (options?: { swallowErrors?: boolean }) {
+    const store = yield* InstanceStore.Service
+    yield* Effect.gen(function* () {
+      yield* options?.swallowErrors
+        ? store.disposeAll().pipe(
+            Effect.catchCause((cause) =>
+              Effect.sync(() => {
+                log.warn("global disposal failed", { cause })
+              }),
+            ),
+          )
+        : store.disposeAll()
+      yield* emitGlobalDisposed
+    }).pipe(Effect.uninterruptible)
+  },
+)
+
+export * as GlobalLifecycle from "./global-lifecycle"

packages/opencode/src/server/routes/global.ts

@@ -1,25 +1,24 @@
 import { Hono, type Context } from "hono"
 import { describeRoute, resolver, validator } from "hono-openapi"
 import { streamSSE } from "hono/streaming"
-import { Effect, Schema } from "effect"
+import { Effect } from "effect"
 import z from "zod"
 import { BusEvent } from "@/bus/bus-event"
 import { SyncEvent } from "@/sync"
 import { GlobalBus } from "@/bus/global"
+import { Bus } from "@/bus"
 import { AppRuntime } from "@/effect/app-runtime"
 import { AsyncQueue } from "@/util/queue"
-import { InstanceStore } from "../../project/instance-store"
 import { Installation } from "@/installation"
 import { InstallationVersion } from "@opencode-ai/core/installation/version"
 import * as Log from "@opencode-ai/core/util/log"
 import { lazy } from "../../util/lazy"
 import { Config } from "@/config/config"
 import { errors } from "../error"
+import { disposeAllInstancesAndEmitGlobalDisposed } from "../global-lifecycle"
 
 const log = Log.create({ service: "server" })
 
-export const GlobalDisposedEvent = BusEvent.define("global.disposed", Schema.Struct({}))
-
 async function streamEvents(c: Context, subscribe: (q: AsyncQueue<string | null>) => () => void) {
   return streamSSE(c, async (stream) => {
     const q = new AsyncQueue<string | null>()
@@ -28,6 +27,7 @@ async function streamEvents(c: Context, subscribe: (q: AsyncQueue<string | null>
     q.push(
       JSON.stringify({
         payload: {
+          id: Bus.createID(),
           type: "server.connected",
           properties: {},
         },
@@ -39,6 +39,7 @@ async function streamEvents(c: Context, subscribe: (q: AsyncQueue<string | null>
       q.push(
         JSON.stringify({
           payload: {
+            id: Bus.createID(),
             type: "server.heartbeat",
             properties: {},
           },
@@ -178,8 +179,13 @@ export const GlobalRoutes = lazy(() =>
       validator("json", Config.Info.zod),
       async (c) => {
         const config = c.req.valid("json")
-        const next = await AppRuntime.runPromise(Config.Service.use((cfg) => cfg.updateGlobal(config)))
-        return c.json(next)
+        const result = await AppRuntime.runPromise(Config.Service.use((cfg) => cfg.updateGlobal(config)))
+        if (result.changed) {
+          void AppRuntime.runPromise(disposeAllInstancesAndEmitGlobalDisposed({ swallowErrors: true })).catch(
+            () => undefined,
+          )
+        }
+        return c.json(result.info)
       },
     )
     .post(
@@ -200,14 +206,7 @@ export const GlobalRoutes = lazy(() =>
         },
       }),
       async (c) => {
-        await InstanceStore.disposeAllInstances()
-        GlobalBus.emit("event", {
-          directory: "global",
-          payload: {
-            type: GlobalDisposedEvent.type,
-            properties: {},
-          },
-        })
+        await AppRuntime.runPromise(disposeAllInstancesAndEmitGlobalDisposed())
         return c.json(true)
       },
     )

packages/opencode/src/server/routes/instance/config.ts

@@ -1,11 +1,16 @@
 import { Hono } from "hono"
 import { describeRoute, validator, resolver } from "hono-openapi"
-import z from "zod"
 import { Config } from "@/config/config"
+import { InstanceState } from "@/effect/instance-state"
+import { InstanceStore } from "@/project/instance-store"
 import { Provider } from "@/provider/provider"
 import { errors } from "../../error"
 import { lazy } from "@/util/lazy"
-import { jsonRequest } from "./trace"
+import { jsonRequest, runRequest } from "./trace"
+import { Effect } from "effect"
+import * as Log from "@opencode-ai/core/util/log"
+
+const log = Log.create({ service: "server.config" })
 
 export const ConfigRoutes = lazy(() =>
   new Hono()
@@ -51,13 +56,28 @@ export const ConfigRoutes = lazy(() =>
         },
       }),
       validator("json", Config.Info.zod),
-      async (c) =>
-        jsonRequest("ConfigRoutes.update", c, function* () {
-          const config = c.req.valid("json")
-          const cfg = yield* Config.Service
-          yield* cfg.update(config)
-          return config
-        }),
+      async (c) => {
+        const result = await runRequest(
+          "ConfigRoutes.update",
+          c,
+          Effect.gen(function* () {
+            const config = c.req.valid("json")
+            const cfg = yield* Config.Service
+            yield* cfg.update(config)
+            return { config, ctx: yield* InstanceState.context }
+          }),
+        )
+        const response = c.json(result.config)
+        void runRequest(
+          "ConfigRoutes.update.dispose",
+          c,
+          InstanceStore.Service.use((store) => store.dispose(result.ctx)).pipe(
+            Effect.uninterruptible,
+            Effect.catchCause((cause) => Effect.sync(() => log.warn("instance disposal failed", { cause }))),
+          ),
+        )
+        return response
+      },
     )
     .get(
       "/providers",

packages/opencode/src/server/routes/instance/event.ts

@@ -42,6 +42,7 @@ export const EventRoutes = () =>
 
         q.push(
           JSON.stringify({
+            id: Bus.createID(),
             type: "server.connected",
             properties: {},
           }),
@@ -51,6 +52,7 @@ export const EventRoutes = () =>
         const heartbeat = setInterval(() => {
           q.push(
             JSON.stringify({
+              id: Bus.createID(),
               type: "server.heartbeat",
               properties: {},
             }),

packages/opencode/src/server/routes/instance/httpapi/api.ts

@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ import { SessionApi } from "./groups/session"
 import { SyncApi } from "./groups/sync"
 import { TuiApi } from "./groups/tui"
 import { WorkspaceApi } from "./groups/workspace"
+import { V2Api } from "./groups/v2"
 
 // SSE event schemas built from the same BusEvent/SyncEvent registries that
 // the Hono spec uses, so both specs emit identical Event/SyncEvent components.
@@ -40,6 +41,7 @@ export const InstanceHttpApi = HttpApi.make("opencode-instance")
   .addHttpApi(ProviderApi)
   .addHttpApi(SessionApi)
   .addHttpApi(SyncApi)
+  .addHttpApi(V2Api)
   .addHttpApi(TuiApi)
   .addHttpApi(WorkspaceApi)
 

packages/opencode/src/server/routes/instance/httpapi/event.ts

@@ -41,12 +41,12 @@ function eventResponse(bus: Bus.Interface) {
   const events = bus.subscribeAll().pipe(Stream.takeUntil((event) => event.type === Bus.InstanceDisposed.type))
   const heartbeat = Stream.tick("10 seconds").pipe(
     Stream.drop(1),
-    Stream.map(() => ({ type: "server.heartbeat", properties: {} })),
+    Stream.map(() => ({ id: Bus.createID(), type: "server.heartbeat", properties: {} })),
   )
 
   log.info("event connected")
   return HttpServerResponse.stream(
-    Stream.make({ type: "server.connected", properties: {} }).pipe(
+    Stream.make({ id: Bus.createID(), type: "server.connected", properties: {} }).pipe(
       Stream.concat(events.pipe(Stream.merge(heartbeat, { haltStrategy: "left" }))),
       Stream.map(eventData),
       Stream.pipeThroughChannel(Sse.encode()),

packages/opencode/src/server/routes/instance/httpapi/groups/global.ts

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 import { Config } from "@/config/config"
 import { BusEvent } from "@/bus/bus-event"
 import { SyncEvent } from "@/sync"
+import "@/server/event"
 import { Schema } from "effect"
 import { HttpApi, HttpApiEndpoint, HttpApiError, HttpApiGroup, OpenApi } from "effect/unstable/httpapi"
 import { described } from "./metadata"

packages/opencode/src/server/routes/instance/httpapi/groups/v2.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+import { HttpApi, OpenApi } from "effect/unstable/httpapi"
+import { MessageGroup } from "./v2/message"
+import { SessionGroup } from "./v2/session"
+
+export const V2Api = HttpApi.make("v2")
+  .add(SessionGroup)
+  .add(MessageGroup)
+  .annotateMerge(
+    OpenApi.annotations({
+      title: "opencode experimental HttpApi",
+      version: "0.0.1",
+      description: "Experimental HttpApi surface for selected instance routes.",
+    }),
+  )

packages/opencode/src/server/routes/instance/httpapi/groups/v2/message.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+import { SessionID } from "@/session/schema"
+import { SessionMessage } from "@/v2/session-message"
+import { Schema } from "effect"
+import { HttpApiEndpoint, HttpApiError, HttpApiGroup, OpenApi } from "effect/unstable/httpapi"
+import { Authorization } from "../../middleware/authorization"
+
+export const MessageGroup = HttpApiGroup.make("v2.message")
+  .add(
+    HttpApiEndpoint.get("messages", "/api/session/:sessionID/message", {
+      params: { sessionID: SessionID },
+      query: Schema.Union([
+        Schema.Struct({
+          limit: Schema.optional(
+            Schema.NumberFromString.check(
+              Schema.isInt(),
+              Schema.isGreaterThanOrEqualTo(1),
+              Schema.isLessThanOrEqualTo(200),
+            ),
+          ).annotate({
+            description:
+              "Maximum number of messages to return. When omitted, the endpoint returns its default page size.",
+          }),
+          order: Schema.optional(Schema.Union([Schema.Literal("asc"), Schema.Literal("desc")])).annotate({
+            description: "Message order for the first page. Use desc for newest first or asc for oldest first.",
+          }),
+          cursor: Schema.optional(Schema.Never),
+        }),
+        Schema.Struct({
+          limit: Schema.optional(
+            Schema.NumberFromString.check(
+              Schema.isInt(),
+              Schema.isGreaterThanOrEqualTo(1),
+              Schema.isLessThanOrEqualTo(200),
+            ),
+          ).annotate({
+            description:
+              "Maximum number of messages to return. When omitted, the endpoint returns its default page size.",
+          }),
+          cursor: Schema.String.annotate({
+            description:
+              "Opaque pagination cursor returned as cursor.previous or cursor.next in the previous response. Do not combine with order.",
+          }),
+          order: Schema.optional(Schema.Never),
+        }),
+      ]).annotate({ identifier: "V2SessionMessagesQuery" }),
+      success: Schema.Struct({
+        items: Schema.Array(SessionMessage.Message),
+        cursor: Schema.Struct({
+          previous: Schema.String.pipe(Schema.optional),
+          next: Schema.String.pipe(Schema.optional),
+        }),
+      }).annotate({ identifier: "V2SessionMessagesResponse" }),
+      error: HttpApiError.BadRequest,
+    }).annotateMerge(
+      OpenApi.annotations({
+        identifier: "v2.session.messages",
+        summary: "Get v2 session messages",
+        description:
+          "Retrieve projected v2 messages for a session. Items keep the requested order across pages; use cursor.next or cursor.previous to move through the ordered timeline.",
+      }),
+    ),
+  )
+  .annotateMerge(
+    OpenApi.annotations({
+      title: "v2 messages",
+      description: "Experimental v2 message routes.",
+    }),
+  )
+  .middleware(Authorization)

packages/opencode/src/server/routes/instance/httpapi/groups/v2/session.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,140 @@
+import { WorkspaceID } from "@/control-plane/schema"
+import { SessionID } from "@/session/schema"
+import { SessionMessage } from "@/v2/session-message"
+import { Prompt } from "@/v2/session-prompt"
+import { SessionV2 } from "@/v2/session"
+import { Schema, SchemaGetter } from "effect"
+import { HttpApiEndpoint, HttpApiError, HttpApiGroup, HttpApiSchema, OpenApi } from "effect/unstable/httpapi"
+import { Authorization } from "../../middleware/authorization"
+
+export const SessionGroup = HttpApiGroup.make("v2.session")
+  .add(
+    HttpApiEndpoint.get("sessions", "/api/session", {
+      query: Schema.Union([
+        Schema.Struct({
+          limit: Schema.optional(
+            Schema.NumberFromString.check(
+              Schema.isInt(),
+              Schema.isGreaterThanOrEqualTo(1),
+              Schema.isLessThanOrEqualTo(200),
+            ),
+          ).annotate({
+            description: "Maximum number of sessions to return. Defaults to the newest 50 sessions.",
+          }),
+          order: Schema.optional(Schema.Union([Schema.Literal("asc"), Schema.Literal("desc")])).annotate({
+            description: "Session order for the first page. Use desc for newest first or asc for oldest first.",
+          }),
+          directory: Schema.String.pipe(Schema.optional),
+          path: Schema.String.pipe(Schema.optional),
+          workspace: WorkspaceID.pipe(Schema.optional),
+          roots: Schema.Literals(["true", "false"])
+            .pipe(
+              Schema.decodeTo(Schema.Boolean, {
+                decode: SchemaGetter.transform((value) => value === "true"),
+                encode: SchemaGetter.transform((value) => (value ? "true" : "false")),
+              }),
+            )
+            .pipe(Schema.optional),
+          start: Schema.NumberFromString.pipe(Schema.optional),
+          search: Schema.String.pipe(Schema.optional),
+          cursor: Schema.optional(Schema.Never),
+        }),
+        Schema.Struct({
+          limit: Schema.optional(
+            Schema.NumberFromString.check(
+              Schema.isInt(),
+              Schema.isGreaterThanOrEqualTo(1),
+              Schema.isLessThanOrEqualTo(200),
+            ),
+          ).annotate({
+            description: "Maximum number of sessions to return. Defaults to the newest 50 sessions.",
+          }),
+          cursor: Schema.String.annotate({
+            description:
+              "Opaque pagination cursor returned as cursor.previous or cursor.next in the previous response. Do not combine with order.",
+          }),
+          order: Schema.optional(Schema.Never),
+          directory: Schema.optional(Schema.Never),
+          path: Schema.optional(Schema.Never),
+          workspace: Schema.optional(Schema.Never),
+          roots: Schema.optional(Schema.Never),
+          start: Schema.optional(Schema.Never),
+          search: Schema.optional(Schema.Never),
+        }),
+      ]).annotate({ identifier: "V2SessionsQuery" }),
+      success: Schema.Struct({
+        items: Schema.Array(SessionV2.Info),
+        cursor: Schema.Struct({
+          previous: Schema.String.pipe(Schema.optional),
+          next: Schema.String.pipe(Schema.optional),
+        }),
+      }).annotate({ identifier: "V2SessionsResponse" }),
+      error: HttpApiError.BadRequest,
+    }).annotateMerge(
+      OpenApi.annotations({
+        identifier: "v2.session.list",
+        summary: "List v2 sessions",
+        description:
+          "Retrieve sessions in the requested order. Items keep that order across pages; use cursor.next or cursor.previous to move through the ordered list.",
+      }),
+    ),
+  )
+  .add(
+    HttpApiEndpoint.post("prompt", "/api/session/:sessionID/prompt", {
+      params: { sessionID: SessionID },
+      payload: Schema.Struct({
+        prompt: Prompt,
+        delivery: SessionV2.Delivery.pipe(Schema.optional),
+      }),
+      success: SessionMessage.Message,
+    }).annotateMerge(
+      OpenApi.annotations({
+        identifier: "v2.session.prompt",
+        summary: "Send v2 message",
+        description: "Create a v2 session message and queue it for the agent loop.",
+      }),
+    ),
+  )
+  .add(
+    HttpApiEndpoint.post("compact", "/api/session/:sessionID/compact", {
+      params: { sessionID: SessionID },
+      success: HttpApiSchema.NoContent,
+    }).annotateMerge(
+      OpenApi.annotations({
+        identifier: "v2.session.compact",
+        summary: "Compact v2 session",
+        description: "Compact a v2 session conversation.",
+      }),
+    ),
+  )
+  .add(
+    HttpApiEndpoint.post("wait", "/api/session/:sessionID/wait", {
+      params: { sessionID: SessionID },
+      success: HttpApiSchema.NoContent,
+    }).annotateMerge(
+      OpenApi.annotations({
+        identifier: "v2.session.wait",
+        summary: "Wait for v2 session",
+        description: "Wait for a v2 session agent loop to become idle.",
+      }),
+    ),
+  )
+  .add(
+    HttpApiEndpoint.get("context", "/api/session/:sessionID/context", {
+      params: { sessionID: SessionID },
+      success: Schema.Array(SessionMessage.Message),
+    }).annotateMerge(
+      OpenApi.annotations({
+        identifier: "v2.session.context",
+        summary: "Get v2 session context",
+        description: "Retrieve the active context messages for a v2 session (all messages after the last compaction).",
+      }),
+    ),
+  )
+  .annotateMerge(
+    OpenApi.annotations({
+      title: "v2",
+      description: "Experimental v2 routes.",
+    }),
+  )
+  .middleware(Authorization)

packages/opencode/src/server/routes/instance/httpapi/handlers/config.ts

@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ export const configHandlers = HttpApiBuilder.group(InstanceHttpApi, "config", (h
     })
 
     const update = Effect.fn("ConfigHttpApi.update")(function* (ctx) {
-      yield* configSvc.update(ctx.payload, { dispose: false })
+      yield* configSvc.update(ctx.payload)
       yield* markInstanceForDisposal(yield* InstanceState.context)
       return ctx.payload
     })

packages/opencode/src/server/routes/instance/httpapi/handlers/global.ts

@@ -1,7 +1,9 @@
 import { Config } from "@/config/config"
 import { GlobalBus, type GlobalEvent as GlobalBusEvent } from "@/bus/global"
+import { EffectBridge } from "@/effect/bridge"
+import { Bus } from "@/bus"
 import { Installation } from "@/installation"
-import { InstanceStore } from "@/project/instance-store"
+import { disposeAllInstancesAndEmitGlobalDisposed } from "@/server/global-lifecycle"
 import { InstallationVersion } from "@opencode-ai/core/installation/version"
 import * as Log from "@opencode-ai/core/util/log"
 import { Effect, Queue, Schema } from "effect"
@@ -42,11 +44,11 @@ function eventResponse() {
   })
   const heartbeat = Stream.tick("10 seconds").pipe(
     Stream.drop(1),
-    Stream.map(() => ({ payload: { type: "server.heartbeat", properties: {} } })),
+    Stream.map(() => ({ payload: { id: Bus.createID(), type: "server.heartbeat", properties: {} } })),
   )
 
   return HttpServerResponse.stream(
-    Stream.make({ payload: { type: "server.connected", properties: {} } }).pipe(
+    Stream.make({ payload: { id: Bus.createID(), type: "server.connected", properties: {} } }).pipe(
       Stream.concat(events.pipe(Stream.merge(heartbeat, { haltStrategy: "left" }))),
       Stream.map(eventData),
       Stream.pipeThroughChannel(Sse.encode()),
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ export const globalHandlers = HttpApiBuilder.group(RootHttpApi, "global", (handl
   Effect.gen(function* () {
     const config = yield* Config.Service
     const installation = yield* Installation.Service
-    const store = yield* InstanceStore.Service
+    const bridge = yield* EffectBridge.make()
 
     const health = Effect.fn("GlobalHttpApi.health")(function* () {
       return { healthy: true as const, version: InstallationVersion }
@@ -83,15 +85,13 @@ export const globalHandlers = HttpApiBuilder.group(RootHttpApi, "global", (handl
     })
 
     const configUpdate = Effect.fn("GlobalHttpApi.configUpdate")(function* (ctx) {
-      return yield* config.updateGlobal(ctx.payload)
+      const result = yield* config.updateGlobal(ctx.payload)
+      if (result.changed) bridge.fork(disposeAllInstancesAndEmitGlobalDisposed({ swallowErrors: true }))
+      return result.info
     })
 
     const dispose = Effect.fn("GlobalHttpApi.dispose")(function* () {
-      yield* store.disposeAll()
-      GlobalBus.emit("event", {
-        directory: "global",
-        payload: { type: "global.disposed", properties: {} },
-      })
+      yield* disposeAllInstancesAndEmitGlobalDisposed()
       return true
     })
 

packages/opencode/src/server/routes/instance/httpapi/handlers/session.ts

@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ import { Todo } from "@/session/todo"
 import { MessageID, PartID, SessionID } from "@/session/schema"
 import { NotFoundError } from "@/storage/storage"
 import { NamedError } from "@opencode-ai/core/util/error"
-import { Cause, Effect, Schema, Scope } from "effect"
+import { Cause, Effect, Option, Schema, Scope } from "effect"
 import * as Stream from "effect/Stream"
 import { HttpServerRequest, HttpServerResponse } from "effect/unstable/http"
 import { HttpApiBuilder, HttpApiError, HttpApiSchema } from "effect/unstable/httpapi"
@@ -125,7 +125,9 @@ export const sessionHandlers = HttpApiBuilder.group(InstanceHttpApi, "session",
           if (!page.cursor) return page.items
 
           const request = yield* HttpServerRequest.HttpServerRequest
-          const url = new URL(request.url, "http://localhost")
+          // toURL() honors the Host + x-forwarded-proto headers, so the Link
+          // header echoes the real origin instead of a hard-coded localhost.
+          const url = Option.getOrElse(HttpServerRequest.toURL(request), () => new URL(request.url, "http://localhost"))
           url.searchParams.set("limit", ctx.query.limit.toString())
           url.searchParams.set("before", page.cursor)
           return HttpServerResponse.jsonUnsafe(page.items, {

packages/opencode/src/server/routes/instance/httpapi/handlers/v2.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+import { SessionV2 } from "@/v2/session"
+import { Layer } from "effect"
+import { messageHandlers } from "./v2/message"
+import { sessionHandlers } from "./v2/session"
+
+export const v2Handlers = Layer.mergeAll(sessionHandlers, messageHandlers).pipe(Layer.provide(SessionV2.defaultLayer))

packages/opencode/src/server/routes/instance/httpapi/handlers/v2/message.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+import { SessionMessage } from "@/v2/session-message"
+import { SessionV2 } from "@/v2/session"
+import { Effect, Schema } from "effect"
+import * as DateTime from "effect/DateTime"
+import { HttpApiBuilder, HttpApiError } from "effect/unstable/httpapi"
+import { InstanceHttpApi } from "../../api"
+
+const DefaultMessagesLimit = 50
+
+const Cursor = Schema.Struct({
+  id: SessionMessage.ID,
+  time: Schema.Finite,
+  order: Schema.Union([Schema.Literal("asc"), Schema.Literal("desc")]),
+  direction: Schema.Union([Schema.Literal("previous"), Schema.Literal("next")]),
+})
+
+const decodeCursor = Schema.decodeUnknownSync(Cursor)
+
+const cursor = {
+  encode(message: SessionMessage.Message, order: "asc" | "desc", direction: "previous" | "next") {
+    return Buffer.from(
+      JSON.stringify({ id: message.id, time: DateTime.toEpochMillis(message.time.created), order, direction }),
+    ).toString("base64url")
+  },
+  decode(input: string) {
+    return decodeCursor(JSON.parse(Buffer.from(input, "base64url").toString("utf8")))
+  },
+}
+
+export const messageHandlers = HttpApiBuilder.group(InstanceHttpApi, "v2.message", (handlers) =>
+  Effect.gen(function* () {
+    const session = yield* SessionV2.Service
+
+    return handlers.handle(
+      "messages",
+      Effect.fn(function* (ctx) {
+        const decoded = yield* Effect.try({
+          try: () => (ctx.query.cursor ? cursor.decode(ctx.query.cursor) : undefined),
+          catch: () => new HttpApiError.BadRequest({}),
+        })
+        const order = decoded?.order ?? ctx.query.order ?? "desc"
+        const messages = yield* session.messages({
+          sessionID: ctx.params.sessionID,
+          limit: ctx.query.limit ?? DefaultMessagesLimit,
+          order,
+          cursor: decoded ? { id: decoded.id, time: decoded.time, direction: decoded.direction } : undefined,
+        })
+        const first = messages[0]
+        const last = messages.at(-1)
+        return {
+          items: messages,
+          cursor: {
+            previous: first ? cursor.encode(first, order, "previous") : undefined,
+            next: last ? cursor.encode(last, order, "next") : undefined,
+          },
+        }
+      }),
+    )
+  }),
+)

packages/opencode/src/server/routes/instance/httpapi/handlers/v2/session.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,115 @@
+import { WorkspaceID } from "@/control-plane/schema"
+import { SessionV2 } from "@/v2/session"
+import { Effect, Schema } from "effect"
+import { HttpApiBuilder, HttpApiError, HttpApiSchema } from "effect/unstable/httpapi"
+import { InstanceHttpApi } from "../../api"
+
+const DefaultSessionsLimit = 50
+
+const SessionCursor = Schema.Struct({
+  id: SessionV2.Info.fields.id,
+  time: Schema.Finite,
+  order: Schema.Union([Schema.Literal("asc"), Schema.Literal("desc")]),
+  direction: Schema.Union([Schema.Literal("previous"), Schema.Literal("next")]),
+  directory: Schema.String.pipe(Schema.optional),
+  path: Schema.String.pipe(Schema.optional),
+  workspaceID: WorkspaceID.pipe(Schema.optional),
+  roots: Schema.Boolean.pipe(Schema.optional),
+  start: Schema.Finite.pipe(Schema.optional),
+  search: Schema.String.pipe(Schema.optional),
+})
+type SessionCursor = typeof SessionCursor.Type
+
+const decodeCursor = Schema.decodeUnknownSync(SessionCursor)
+
+const sessionCursor = {
+  encode(
+    session: SessionV2.Info,
+    order: "asc" | "desc",
+    direction: "previous" | "next",
+    filters: Pick<SessionCursor, "directory" | "path" | "workspaceID" | "roots" | "start" | "search">,
+  ) {
+    return Buffer.from(
+      JSON.stringify({ id: session.id, time: session.time.created, order, direction, ...filters }),
+    ).toString("base64url")
+  },
+  decode(input: string) {
+    return decodeCursor(JSON.parse(Buffer.from(input, "base64url").toString("utf8")))
+  },
+}
+
+export const sessionHandlers = HttpApiBuilder.group(InstanceHttpApi, "v2.session", (handlers) =>
+  Effect.gen(function* () {
+    const session = yield* SessionV2.Service
+
+    return handlers
+      .handle(
+        "sessions",
+        Effect.fn(function* (ctx) {
+          const decoded = yield* Effect.try({
+            try: () => (ctx.query.cursor ? sessionCursor.decode(ctx.query.cursor) : undefined),
+            catch: () => new HttpApiError.BadRequest({}),
+          })
+          const order = decoded?.order ?? ctx.query.order ?? "desc"
+          const filters = decoded ?? {
+            directory: ctx.query.directory,
+            path: ctx.query.path,
+            workspaceID: ctx.query.workspace ? WorkspaceID.make(ctx.query.workspace) : undefined,
+            roots: ctx.query.roots,
+            start: ctx.query.start,
+            search: ctx.query.search,
+          }
+          const sessions = yield* session.list({
+            limit: ctx.query.limit ?? DefaultSessionsLimit,
+            order,
+            directory: filters.directory,
+            path: filters.path,
+            workspaceID: filters.workspaceID,
+            roots: filters.roots,
+            start: filters.start,
+            search: filters.search,
+            cursor: decoded ? { id: decoded.id, time: decoded.time, direction: decoded.direction } : undefined,
+          })
+          const first = sessions[0]
+          const last = sessions.at(-1)
+          return {
+            items: sessions,
+            cursor: {
+              previous: first ? sessionCursor.encode(first, order, "previous", filters) : undefined,
+              next: last ? sessionCursor.encode(last, order, "next", filters) : undefined,
+            },
+          }
+        }),
+      )
+      .handle(
+        "prompt",
+        Effect.fn(function* (ctx) {
+          return yield* session.prompt({
+            sessionID: ctx.params.sessionID,
+            prompt: ctx.payload.prompt,
+            delivery: ctx.payload.delivery ?? SessionV2.DefaultDelivery,
+          })
+        }),
+      )
+      .handle(
+        "compact",
+        Effect.fn(function* (ctx) {
+          yield* session.compact(ctx.params.sessionID)
+          return HttpApiSchema.NoContent.make()
+        }),
+      )
+      .handle(
+        "wait",
+        Effect.fn(function* (ctx) {
+          yield* session.wait(ctx.params.sessionID)
+          return HttpApiSchema.NoContent.make()
+        }),
+      )
+      .handle(
+        "context",
+        Effect.fn(function* (ctx) {
+          return yield* session.context(ctx.params.sessionID)
+        }),
+      )
+  }),
+)

packages/opencode/src/server/routes/instance/httpapi/middleware/instance-context.ts

@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
 import { WorkspaceRef } from "@/effect/instance-ref"
-import { InstanceBootstrap } from "@/project/bootstrap"
 import { InstanceStore } from "@/project/instance-store"
 import { Effect, Layer } from "effect"
 import { HttpRouter, HttpServerResponse } from "effect/unstable/http"
@@ -24,12 +23,11 @@ function decode(input: string): string {
 function provideInstanceContext<E>(
   effect: Effect.Effect<HttpServerResponse.HttpServerResponse, E>,
   store: InstanceStore.Interface,
-  bootstrap: InstanceBootstrap.Interface,
 ): Effect.Effect<HttpServerResponse.HttpServerResponse, E, WorkspaceRouteContext> {
   return Effect.gen(function* () {
     const route = yield* WorkspaceRouteContext
     return yield* store.provide(
-      { directory: decode(route.directory), init: bootstrap.run },
+      { directory: decode(route.directory) },
       effect.pipe(Effect.provideService(WorkspaceRef, route.workspaceID)),
     )
   })
@@ -39,15 +37,13 @@ export const instanceContextLayer = Layer.effect(
   InstanceContextMiddleware,
   Effect.gen(function* () {
     const store = yield* InstanceStore.Service
-    const bootstrap = yield* InstanceBootstrap.Service
-    return InstanceContextMiddleware.of((effect) => provideInstanceContext(effect, store, bootstrap))
+    return InstanceContextMiddleware.of((effect) => provideInstanceContext(effect, store))
   }),
 )
 
 export const instanceRouterMiddleware = HttpRouter.middleware()(
   Effect.gen(function* () {
     const store = yield* InstanceStore.Service
-    const bootstrap = yield* InstanceBootstrap.Service
-    return (effect) => provideInstanceContext(effect, store, bootstrap)
+    return (effect) => provideInstanceContext(effect, store)
   }),
 )

packages/opencode/src/server/routes/instance/httpapi/server.ts

@@ -18,8 +18,7 @@ import { LSP } from "@/lsp/lsp"
 import { MCP } from "@/mcp"
 import { Permission } from "@/permission"
 import { Installation } from "@/installation"
-import { InstanceBootstrap } from "@/project/bootstrap"
-import { InstanceStore } from "@/project/instance-store"
+import { InstanceLayer } from "@/project/instance-layer"
 import { Plugin } from "@/plugin"
 import { Project } from "@/project/project"
 import { ProviderAuth } from "@/provider/auth"
@@ -65,6 +64,7 @@ import { questionHandlers } from "./handlers/question"
 import { sessionHandlers } from "./handlers/session"
 import { syncHandlers } from "./handlers/sync"
 import { tuiHandlers } from "./handlers/tui"
+import { v2Handlers } from "./handlers/v2"
 import { workspaceHandlers } from "./handlers/workspace"
 import { instanceContextLayer, instanceRouterMiddleware } from "./middleware/instance-context"
 import { workspaceRouterMiddleware, workspaceRoutingLayer } from "./middleware/workspace-routing"
@@ -116,6 +116,7 @@ const instanceApiRoutes = HttpApiBuilder.layer(InstanceHttpApi).pipe(
     providerHandlers,
     sessionHandlers,
     syncHandlers,
+    v2Handlers,
     tuiHandlers,
     workspaceHandlers,
   ]),
@@ -153,8 +154,6 @@ export function createRoutes(corsOptions?: CorsOptions) {
       Format.defaultLayer,
       LSP.defaultLayer,
       Installation.defaultLayer,
-      InstanceBootstrap.defaultLayer,
-      InstanceStore.defaultLayer,
       MCP.defaultLayer,
       ModelsDev.defaultLayer,
       Permission.defaultLayer,
@@ -181,12 +180,13 @@ export function createRoutes(corsOptions?: CorsOptions) {
       ToolRegistry.defaultLayer,
       Vcs.defaultLayer,
       Workspace.defaultLayer,
-      Worktree.defaultLayer,
+      Worktree.appLayer,
       Bus.layer,
       AppFileSystem.defaultLayer,
       FetchHttpClient.layer,
       HttpServer.layerServices,
     ]),
+    Layer.provideMerge(InstanceLayer.layer),
     Layer.provideMerge(Observability.layer),
   )
 }

packages/opencode/src/server/routes/instance/index.ts

@@ -1,12 +1,13 @@
 import { describeRoute, resolver, validator } from "hono-openapi"
 import { Hono } from "hono"
 import type { UpgradeWebSocket } from "hono/ws"
-import { Effect } from "effect"
+import { Context, Effect } from "effect"
+import { Flag } from "@opencode-ai/core/flag/flag"
 import z from "zod"
 import { Format } from "@/format"
 import { TuiRoutes } from "./tui"
 import { Instance } from "@/project/instance"
-import { InstanceStore } from "@/project/instance-store"
+import { InstanceRuntime } from "@/project/instance-runtime"
 import { Vcs } from "@/project/vcs"
 import { Agent } from "@/agent/agent"
 import { Skill } from "@/skill"
@@ -27,9 +28,133 @@ import { EventRoutes } from "./event"
 import { SyncRoutes } from "./sync"
 import { InstanceMiddleware } from "./middleware"
 import { jsonRequest } from "./trace"
+import { ExperimentalHttpApiServer } from "./httpapi/server"
+import { EventPaths } from "./httpapi/event"
+import { ExperimentalPaths } from "./httpapi/groups/experimental"
+import { FilePaths } from "./httpapi/groups/file"
+import { InstancePaths } from "./httpapi/groups/instance"
+import { McpPaths } from "./httpapi/groups/mcp"
+import { PtyPaths } from "./httpapi/groups/pty"
+import { SessionPaths } from "./httpapi/groups/session"
+import { SyncPaths } from "./httpapi/groups/sync"
+import { TuiPaths } from "./httpapi/groups/tui"
+import { WorkspacePaths } from "./httpapi/groups/workspace"
 
 export const InstanceRoutes = (upgrade: UpgradeWebSocket): Hono => {
   const app = new Hono()
+  const handler = ExperimentalHttpApiServer.webHandler().handler
+  const context = Context.empty() as Context.Context<unknown>
+
+  app.all("/api/*", (c) => handler(c.req.raw, context))
+
+  if (Flag.OPENCODE_EXPERIMENTAL_HTTPAPI) {
+    app.get(EventPaths.event, (c) => handler(c.req.raw, context))
+    app.get("/question", (c) => handler(c.req.raw, context))
+    app.post("/question/:requestID/reply", (c) => handler(c.req.raw, context))
+    app.post("/question/:requestID/reject", (c) => handler(c.req.raw, context))
+    app.get("/permission", (c) => handler(c.req.raw, context))
+    app.post("/permission/:requestID/reply", (c) => handler(c.req.raw, context))
+    app.get("/config", (c) => handler(c.req.raw, context))
+    app.patch("/config", (c) => handler(c.req.raw, context))
+    app.get("/config/providers", (c) => handler(c.req.raw, context))
+    app.get(ExperimentalPaths.console, (c) => handler(c.req.raw, context))
+    app.get(ExperimentalPaths.consoleOrgs, (c) => handler(c.req.raw, context))
+    app.post(ExperimentalPaths.consoleSwitch, (c) => handler(c.req.raw, context))
+    app.get(ExperimentalPaths.tool, (c) => handler(c.req.raw, context))
+    app.get(ExperimentalPaths.toolIDs, (c) => handler(c.req.raw, context))
+    app.get(ExperimentalPaths.worktree, (c) => handler(c.req.raw, context))
+    app.post(ExperimentalPaths.worktree, (c) => handler(c.req.raw, context))
+    app.delete(ExperimentalPaths.worktree, (c) => handler(c.req.raw, context))
+    app.post(ExperimentalPaths.worktreeReset, (c) => handler(c.req.raw, context))
+    app.get(ExperimentalPaths.session, (c) => handler(c.req.raw, context))
+    app.get(ExperimentalPaths.resource, (c) => handler(c.req.raw, context))
+    app.get("/provider", (c) => handler(c.req.raw, context))
+    app.get("/provider/auth", (c) => handler(c.req.raw, context))
+    app.post("/provider/:providerID/oauth/authorize", (c) => handler(c.req.raw, context))
+    app.post("/provider/:providerID/oauth/callback", (c) => handler(c.req.raw, context))
+    app.get("/project", (c) => handler(c.req.raw, context))
+    app.get("/project/current", (c) => handler(c.req.raw, context))
+    app.post("/project/git/init", (c) => handler(c.req.raw, context))
+    app.patch("/project/:projectID", (c) => handler(c.req.raw, context))
+    app.get(FilePaths.findText, (c) => handler(c.req.raw, context))
+    app.get(FilePaths.findFile, (c) => handler(c.req.raw, context))
+    app.get(FilePaths.findSymbol, (c) => handler(c.req.raw, context))
+    app.get(FilePaths.list, (c) => handler(c.req.raw, context))
+    app.get(FilePaths.content, (c) => handler(c.req.raw, context))
+    app.get(FilePaths.status, (c) => handler(c.req.raw, context))
+    app.get(InstancePaths.path, (c) => handler(c.req.raw, context))
+    app.post(InstancePaths.dispose, (c) => handler(c.req.raw, context))
+    app.get(InstancePaths.vcs, (c) => handler(c.req.raw, context))
+    app.get(InstancePaths.vcsDiff, (c) => handler(c.req.raw, context))
+    app.get(InstancePaths.command, (c) => handler(c.req.raw, context))
+    app.get(InstancePaths.agent, (c) => handler(c.req.raw, context))
+    app.get(InstancePaths.skill, (c) => handler(c.req.raw, context))
+    app.get(InstancePaths.lsp, (c) => handler(c.req.raw, context))
+    app.get(InstancePaths.formatter, (c) => handler(c.req.raw, context))
+    app.get(McpPaths.status, (c) => handler(c.req.raw, context))
+    app.post(McpPaths.status, (c) => handler(c.req.raw, context))
+    app.post(McpPaths.auth, (c) => handler(c.req.raw, context))
+    app.post(McpPaths.authCallback, (c) => handler(c.req.raw, context))
+    app.post(McpPaths.authAuthenticate, (c) => handler(c.req.raw, context))
+    app.delete(McpPaths.auth, (c) => handler(c.req.raw, context))
+    app.post(McpPaths.connect, (c) => handler(c.req.raw, context))
+    app.post(McpPaths.disconnect, (c) => handler(c.req.raw, context))
+    app.post(SyncPaths.start, (c) => handler(c.req.raw, context))
+    app.post(SyncPaths.replay, (c) => handler(c.req.raw, context))
+    app.post(SyncPaths.history, (c) => handler(c.req.raw, context))
+    app.get(PtyPaths.list, (c) => handler(c.req.raw, context))
+    app.post(PtyPaths.create, (c) => handler(c.req.raw, context))
+    app.get(PtyPaths.get, (c) => handler(c.req.raw, context))
+    app.put(PtyPaths.update, (c) => handler(c.req.raw, context))
+    app.delete(PtyPaths.remove, (c) => handler(c.req.raw, context))
+    app.get(PtyPaths.connect, (c) => handler(c.req.raw, context))
+    app.get(SessionPaths.list, (c) => handler(c.req.raw, context))
+    app.get(SessionPaths.status, (c) => handler(c.req.raw, context))
+    app.get(SessionPaths.get, (c) => handler(c.req.raw, context))
+    app.get(SessionPaths.children, (c) => handler(c.req.raw, context))
+    app.get(SessionPaths.todo, (c) => handler(c.req.raw, context))
+    app.get(SessionPaths.diff, (c) => handler(c.req.raw, context))
+    app.get(SessionPaths.messages, (c) => handler(c.req.raw, context))
+    app.get(SessionPaths.message, (c) => handler(c.req.raw, context))
+    app.post(SessionPaths.create, (c) => handler(c.req.raw, context))
+    app.delete(SessionPaths.remove, (c) => handler(c.req.raw, context))
+    app.patch(SessionPaths.update, (c) => handler(c.req.raw, context))
+    app.post(SessionPaths.init, (c) => handler(c.req.raw, context))
+    app.post(SessionPaths.fork, (c) => handler(c.req.raw, context))
+    app.post(SessionPaths.abort, (c) => handler(c.req.raw, context))
+    app.post(SessionPaths.share, (c) => handler(c.req.raw, context))
+    app.delete(SessionPaths.share, (c) => handler(c.req.raw, context))
+    app.post(SessionPaths.summarize, (c) => handler(c.req.raw, context))
+    app.post(SessionPaths.prompt, (c) => handler(c.req.raw, context))
+    app.post(SessionPaths.promptAsync, (c) => handler(c.req.raw, context))
+    app.post(SessionPaths.command, (c) => handler(c.req.raw, context))
+    app.post(SessionPaths.shell, (c) => handler(c.req.raw, context))
+    app.post(SessionPaths.revert, (c) => handler(c.req.raw, context))
+    app.post(SessionPaths.unrevert, (c) => handler(c.req.raw, context))
+    app.post(SessionPaths.permissions, (c) => handler(c.req.raw, context))
+    app.delete(SessionPaths.deleteMessage, (c) => handler(c.req.raw, context))
+    app.delete(SessionPaths.deletePart, (c) => handler(c.req.raw, context))
+    app.patch(SessionPaths.updatePart, (c) => handler(c.req.raw, context))
+    app.post(TuiPaths.appendPrompt, (c) => handler(c.req.raw, context))
+    app.post(TuiPaths.openHelp, (c) => handler(c.req.raw, context))
+    app.post(TuiPaths.openSessions, (c) => handler(c.req.raw, context))
+    app.post(TuiPaths.openThemes, (c) => handler(c.req.raw, context))
+    app.post(TuiPaths.openModels, (c) => handler(c.req.raw, context))
+    app.post(TuiPaths.submitPrompt, (c) => handler(c.req.raw, context))
+    app.post(TuiPaths.clearPrompt, (c) => handler(c.req.raw, context))
+    app.post(TuiPaths.executeCommand, (c) => handler(c.req.raw, context))
+    app.post(TuiPaths.showToast, (c) => handler(c.req.raw, context))
+    app.post(TuiPaths.publish, (c) => handler(c.req.raw, context))
+    app.post(TuiPaths.selectSession, (c) => handler(c.req.raw, context))
+    app.get(TuiPaths.controlNext, (c) => handler(c.req.raw, context))
+    app.post(TuiPaths.controlResponse, (c) => handler(c.req.raw, context))
+    app.get(WorkspacePaths.adapters, (c) => handler(c.req.raw, context))
+    app.post(WorkspacePaths.list, (c) => handler(c.req.raw, context))
+    app.get(WorkspacePaths.list, (c) => handler(c.req.raw, context))
+    app.get(WorkspacePaths.status, (c) => handler(c.req.raw, context))
+    app.delete(WorkspacePaths.remove, (c) => handler(c.req.raw, context))
+    app.post(WorkspacePaths.sessionRestore, (c) => handler(c.req.raw, context))
+  }
 
   return app
     .route("/project", ProjectRoutes())
@@ -63,7 +188,7 @@ export const InstanceRoutes = (upgrade: UpgradeWebSocket): Hono => {
         },
       }),
       async (c) => {
-        await InstanceStore.disposeInstance(Instance.current)
+        await InstanceRuntime.disposeInstance(Instance.current)
         return c.json(true)
       },
     )

packages/opencode/src/server/routes/instance/middleware.ts

@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
 import type { MiddlewareHandler } from "hono"
-import { Instance } from "@/project/instance"
-import { getBootstrapRunEffect } from "@/effect/app-runtime"
+import { WithInstance } from "@/project/with-instance"
 import { AppFileSystem } from "@opencode-ai/core/filesystem"
 import { WorkspaceContext } from "@/control-plane/workspace-context"
 import { WorkspaceID } from "@/control-plane/schema"
@@ -21,9 +20,8 @@ export function InstanceMiddleware(workspaceID?: WorkspaceID): MiddlewareHandler
     return WorkspaceContext.provide({
       workspaceID,
       async fn() {
-        return Instance.provide({
+        return WithInstance.provide({
           directory,
-          init: await getBootstrapRunEffect(),
           async fn() {
             return next()
           },

packages/opencode/src/server/routes/instance/project.ts

@@ -2,13 +2,12 @@ import { Hono } from "hono"
 import { describeRoute, validator } from "hono-openapi"
 import { resolver } from "hono-openapi"
 import { Instance } from "@/project/instance"
-import { InstanceStore } from "@/project/instance-store"
+import { InstanceRuntime } from "@/project/instance-runtime"
 import { Project } from "@/project/project"
 import z from "zod"
 import { ProjectID } from "@/project/schema"
 import { errors } from "../../error"
 import { lazy } from "@/util/lazy"
-import { getBootstrapRunEffect } from "@/effect/app-runtime"
 import { jsonRequest, runRequest } from "./trace"
 
 export const ProjectRoutes = lazy(() =>
@@ -82,7 +81,7 @@ export const ProjectRoutes = lazy(() =>
           Project.Service.use((svc) => svc.initGit({ directory: dir, project: prev })),
         )
         if (next.id === prev.id && next.vcs === prev.vcs && next.worktree === prev.worktree) return c.json(next)
-        await InstanceStore.reloadInstance({ directory: dir, worktree: dir, project: next, init: await getBootstrapRunEffect() })
+        await InstanceRuntime.reloadInstance({ directory: dir, worktree: dir, project: next })
         return c.json(next)
       },
     )

packages/opencode/src/server/routes/instance/tui.ts

@@ -26,13 +26,17 @@ export function nextTuiRequest() {
   return request.next()
 }
 
+export function submitTuiRequest(body: TuiRequest) {
+  request.push(body)
+}
+
 export function submitTuiResponse(body: unknown) {
   response.push(body)
 }
 
 export async function callTui(ctx: Context) {
   const body = await ctx.req.json()
-  request.push({
+  submitTuiRequest({
     path: ctx.req.path,
     body,
   })

packages/opencode/src/server/workspace.ts

@@ -5,8 +5,8 @@ import { WorkspaceID } from "@/control-plane/schema"
 import { WorkspaceContext } from "@/control-plane/workspace-context"
 import { Workspace } from "@/control-plane/workspace"
 import { Flag } from "@opencode-ai/core/flag/flag"
-import { getBootstrapRunEffect, AppRuntime } from "@/effect/app-runtime"
-import { Instance } from "@/project/instance"
+import { AppRuntime } from "@/effect/app-runtime"
+import { WithInstance } from "@/project/with-instance"
 import { Session } from "@/session/session"
 import { SessionID } from "@/session/schema"
 import { Effect } from "effect"
@@ -94,13 +94,11 @@ export function WorkspaceRouterMiddleware(upgrade: UpgradeWebSocket): Middleware
     const target = await adapter.target(workspace)
 
     if (target.type === "local") {
-      const init = await getBootstrapRunEffect()
       return WorkspaceContext.provide({
         workspaceID: WorkspaceID.make(workspaceID),
         fn: () =>
-          Instance.provide({
+          WithInstance.provide({
             directory: target.directory,
-            init,
             async fn() {
               return next()
             },

packages/opencode/src/session/compaction.ts

@@ -14,10 +14,13 @@ import { Config } from "@/config/config"
 import { NotFoundError } from "@/storage/storage"
 import { ModelID, ProviderID } from "@/provider/schema"
 import { Effect, Layer, Context, Schema } from "effect"
+import * as DateTime from "effect/DateTime"
 import { InstanceState } from "@/effect/instance-state"
 import { isOverflow as overflow, usable } from "./overflow"
 import { makeRuntime } from "@/effect/run-service"
 import { fn } from "@/util/fn"
+import { EventV2 } from "@/v2/event"
+import { SessionEvent } from "@/v2/session-event"
 
 const log = Log.create({ service: "session.compaction" })
 
@@ -556,7 +559,21 @@ export const layer: Layer.Layer<
       }
 
       if (processor.message.error) return "stop"
-      if (result === "continue") yield* bus.publish(Event.Compacted, { sessionID: input.sessionID })
+      if (result === "continue") {
+        const summary = summaryText(
+          (yield* session.messages({ sessionID: input.sessionID })).find((item) => item.info.id === msg.id) ?? {
+            info: msg,
+            parts: [],
+          },
+        )
+        EventV2.run(SessionEvent.Compaction.Ended.Sync, {
+          sessionID: input.sessionID,
+          timestamp: DateTime.makeUnsafe(Date.now()),
+          text: summary ?? "",
+          include: selected.tail_start_id,
+        })
+        yield* bus.publish(Event.Compacted, { sessionID: input.sessionID })
+      }
       return result
     })
 
@@ -583,6 +600,11 @@ export const layer: Layer.Layer<
         auto: input.auto,
         overflow: input.overflow,
       })
+      EventV2.run(SessionEvent.Compaction.Started.Sync, {
+        sessionID: input.sessionID,
+        timestamp: DateTime.makeUnsafe(Date.now()),
+        reason: input.auto ? "auto" : "manual",
+      })
     })
 
     return Service.of({

packages/opencode/src/session/processor.ts

@@ -20,6 +20,9 @@ import { Question } from "@/question"
 import { errorMessage } from "@/util/error"
 import * as Log from "@opencode-ai/core/util/log"
 import { isRecord } from "@/util/record"
+import { EventV2 } from "@/v2/event"
+import { SessionEvent } from "@/v2/session-event"
+import * as DateTime from "effect/DateTime"
 
 const DOOM_LOOP_THRESHOLD = 3
 const log = Log.create({ service: "session.processor" })
@@ -221,6 +224,12 @@ export const layer: Layer.Layer<
 
           case "reasoning-start":
             if (value.id in ctx.reasoningMap) return
+            // TODO(v2): Temporary dual-write while migrating session messages to v2 events.
+            EventV2.run(SessionEvent.Reasoning.Started.Sync, {
+              sessionID: ctx.sessionID,
+              reasoningID: value.id,
+              timestamp: DateTime.makeUnsafe(Date.now()),
+            })
             ctx.reasoningMap[value.id] = {
               id: PartID.ascending(),
               messageID: ctx.assistantMessage.id,
@@ -248,6 +257,13 @@ export const layer: Layer.Layer<
 
           case "reasoning-end":
             if (!(value.id in ctx.reasoningMap)) return
+            // TODO(v2): Temporary dual-write while migrating session messages to v2 events.
+            EventV2.run(SessionEvent.Reasoning.Ended.Sync, {
+              sessionID: ctx.sessionID,
+              reasoningID: value.id,
+              text: ctx.reasoningMap[value.id].text,
+              timestamp: DateTime.makeUnsafe(Date.now()),
+            })
             // oxlint-disable-next-line no-self-assign -- reactivity trigger
             ctx.reasoningMap[value.id].text = ctx.reasoningMap[value.id].text
             ctx.reasoningMap[value.id].time = { ...ctx.reasoningMap[value.id].time, end: Date.now() }
@@ -260,6 +276,13 @@ export const layer: Layer.Layer<
             if (ctx.assistantMessage.summary) {
               throw new Error(`Tool call not allowed while generating summary: ${value.toolName}`)
             }
+            // TODO(v2): Temporary dual-write while migrating session messages to v2 events.
+            EventV2.run(SessionEvent.Tool.Input.Started.Sync, {
+              sessionID: ctx.sessionID,
+              callID: value.id,
+              name: value.toolName,
+              timestamp: DateTime.makeUnsafe(Date.now()),
+            })
             const part = yield* session.updatePart({
               id: ctx.toolcalls[value.id]?.partID ?? PartID.ascending(),
               messageID: ctx.assistantMessage.id,
@@ -281,13 +304,34 @@ export const layer: Layer.Layer<
           case "tool-input-delta":
             return
 
-          case "tool-input-end":
+          case "tool-input-end": {
+            // TODO(v2): Temporary dual-write while migrating session messages to v2 events.
+            EventV2.run(SessionEvent.Tool.Input.Ended.Sync, {
+              sessionID: ctx.sessionID,
+              callID: value.id,
+              text: "",
+              timestamp: DateTime.makeUnsafe(Date.now()),
+            })
             return
+          }
 
           case "tool-call": {
             if (ctx.assistantMessage.summary) {
               throw new Error(`Tool call not allowed while generating summary: ${value.toolName}`)
             }
+            const toolCall = yield* readToolCall(value.toolCallId)
+            // TODO(v2): Temporary dual-write while migrating session messages to v2 events.
+            EventV2.run(SessionEvent.Tool.Called.Sync, {
+              sessionID: ctx.sessionID,
+              callID: value.toolCallId,
+              tool: value.toolName,
+              input: value.input,
+              provider: {
+                executed: toolCall?.part.metadata?.providerExecuted === true,
+                ...(value.providerMetadata ? { metadata: value.providerMetadata } : {}),
+              },
+              timestamp: DateTime.makeUnsafe(Date.now()),
+            })
             yield* updateToolCall(value.toolCallId, (match) => ({
               ...match,
               tool: value.toolName,
@@ -331,11 +375,48 @@ export const layer: Layer.Layer<
           }
 
           case "tool-result": {
+            const toolCall = yield* readToolCall(value.toolCallId)
+            // TODO(v2): Temporary dual-write while migrating session messages to v2 events.
+            EventV2.run(SessionEvent.Tool.Success.Sync, {
+              sessionID: ctx.sessionID,
+              callID: value.toolCallId,
+              structured: value.output.metadata,
+              content: [
+                {
+                  type: "text",
+                  text: value.output.output,
+                },
+                ...(value.output.attachments?.map((item: MessageV2.FilePart) => ({
+                  type: "file",
+                  uri: item.url,
+                  mime: item.mime,
+                  name: item.filename,
+                })) ?? []),
+              ],
+              provider: {
+                executed: toolCall?.part.metadata?.providerExecuted === true,
+              },
+              timestamp: DateTime.makeUnsafe(Date.now()),
+            })
             yield* completeToolCall(value.toolCallId, value.output)
             return
           }
 
           case "tool-error": {
+            const toolCall = yield* readToolCall(value.toolCallId)
+            // TODO(v2): Temporary dual-write while migrating session messages to v2 events.
+            EventV2.run(SessionEvent.Tool.Error.Sync, {
+              sessionID: ctx.sessionID,
+              callID: value.toolCallId,
+              error: {
+                type: "unknown",
+                message: errorMessage(value.error),
+              },
+              provider: {
+                executed: toolCall?.part.metadata?.providerExecuted === true,
+              },
+              timestamp: DateTime.makeUnsafe(Date.now()),
+            })
             yield* failToolCall(value.toolCallId, value.error)
             return
           }
@@ -345,6 +426,20 @@ export const layer: Layer.Layer<
 
           case "start-step":
             if (!ctx.snapshot) ctx.snapshot = yield* snapshot.track()
+            if (!ctx.assistantMessage.summary) {
+              // TODO(v2): Temporary dual-write while migrating session messages to v2 events.
+              EventV2.run(SessionEvent.Step.Started.Sync, {
+                sessionID: ctx.sessionID,
+                agent: input.assistantMessage.agent,
+                model: {
+                  id: ctx.model.id,
+                  providerID: ctx.model.providerID,
+                  variant: input.assistantMessage.variant,
+                },
+                snapshot: ctx.snapshot,
+                timestamp: DateTime.makeUnsafe(Date.now()),
+              })
+            }
             yield* session.updatePart({
               id: PartID.ascending(),
               messageID: ctx.assistantMessage.id,
@@ -355,18 +450,30 @@ export const layer: Layer.Layer<
             return
 
           case "finish-step": {
+            const completedSnapshot = yield* snapshot.track()
             const usage = Session.getUsage({
               model: ctx.model,
               usage: value.usage,
               metadata: value.providerMetadata,
             })
+            if (!ctx.assistantMessage.summary) {
+              // TODO(v2): Temporary dual-write while migrating session messages to v2 events.
+              EventV2.run(SessionEvent.Step.Ended.Sync, {
+                sessionID: ctx.sessionID,
+                finish: value.finishReason,
+                cost: usage.cost,
+                tokens: usage.tokens,
+                snapshot: completedSnapshot,
+                timestamp: DateTime.makeUnsafe(Date.now()),
+              })
+            }
             ctx.assistantMessage.finish = value.finishReason
             ctx.assistantMessage.cost += usage.cost
             ctx.assistantMessage.tokens = usage.tokens
             yield* session.updatePart({
               id: PartID.ascending(),
               reason: value.finishReason,
-              snapshot: yield* snapshot.track(),
+              snapshot: completedSnapshot,
               messageID: ctx.assistantMessage.id,
               sessionID: ctx.assistantMessage.sessionID,
               type: "step-finish",
@@ -404,6 +511,13 @@ export const layer: Layer.Layer<
           }
 
           case "text-start":
+            if (!ctx.assistantMessage.summary) {
+              // TODO(v2): Temporary dual-write while migrating session messages to v2 events.
+              EventV2.run(SessionEvent.Text.Started.Sync, {
+                sessionID: ctx.sessionID,
+                timestamp: DateTime.makeUnsafe(Date.now()),
+              })
+            }
             ctx.currentText = {
               id: PartID.ascending(),
               messageID: ctx.assistantMessage.id,
@@ -442,6 +556,14 @@ export const layer: Layer.Layer<
               },
               { text: ctx.currentText.text },
             )).text
+            if (!ctx.assistantMessage.summary) {
+              // TODO(v2): Temporary dual-write while migrating session messages to v2 events.
+              EventV2.run(SessionEvent.Text.Ended.Sync, {
+                sessionID: ctx.sessionID,
+                text: ctx.currentText.text,
+                timestamp: DateTime.makeUnsafe(Date.now()),
+              })
+            }
             {
               const end = Date.now()
               ctx.currentText.time = { start: ctx.currentText.time?.start ?? end, end }
@@ -568,13 +690,24 @@ export const layer: Layer.Layer<
             Effect.retry(
               SessionRetry.policy({
                 parse,
-                set: (info) =>
-                  status.set(ctx.sessionID, {
+                set: (info) => {
+                  // TODO(v2): Temporary dual-write while migrating session messages to v2 events.
+                  EventV2.run(SessionEvent.Retried.Sync, {
+                    sessionID: ctx.sessionID,
+                    attempt: info.attempt,
+                    error: {
+                      message: info.message,
+                      isRetryable: true,
+                    },
+                    timestamp: DateTime.makeUnsafe(Date.now()),
+                  })
+                  return status.set(ctx.sessionID, {
                     type: "retry",
                     attempt: info.attempt,
                     message: info.message,
                     next: info.next,
-                  }),
+                  })
+                },
               }),
             ),
             Effect.catch(halt),

packages/opencode/src/session/projectors-next.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,204 @@
+import { and, desc, eq } from "@/storage/db"
+import type { Database } from "@/storage/db"
+import { SessionMessage } from "@/v2/session-message"
+import { SessionMessageUpdater } from "@/v2/session-message-updater"
+import { SessionEvent } from "@/v2/session-event"
+import * as DateTime from "effect/DateTime"
+import { SyncEvent } from "@/sync"
+import { SessionMessageTable, SessionTable } from "./session.sql"
+import type { SessionID } from "./schema"
+import { Schema } from "effect"
+
+const decodeMessage = Schema.decodeUnknownSync(SessionMessage.Message)
+type SessionMessageData = NonNullable<(typeof SessionMessageTable.$inferInsert)["data"]>
+
+function encodeDateTimes(value: unknown): unknown {
+  if (DateTime.isDateTime(value)) return DateTime.toEpochMillis(value)
+  if (Array.isArray(value)) return value.map(encodeDateTimes)
+  if (typeof value === "object" && value !== null) {
+    return Object.fromEntries(Object.entries(value).map(([key, item]) => [key, encodeDateTimes(item)]))
+  }
+  return value
+}
+
+function encodeMessageData(value: unknown): SessionMessageData {
+  return encodeDateTimes(value) as SessionMessageData
+}
+
+function sqlite(db: Database.TxOrDb, sessionID: SessionID): SessionMessageUpdater.Adapter<void> {
+  return {
+    getCurrentAssistant() {
+      return db
+        .select()
+        .from(SessionMessageTable)
+        .where(and(eq(SessionMessageTable.session_id, sessionID), eq(SessionMessageTable.type, "assistant")))
+        .orderBy(desc(SessionMessageTable.id))
+        .all()
+        .map((row) => decodeMessage({ ...row.data, id: row.id, type: row.type }))
+        .find((message): message is SessionMessage.Assistant => message.type === "assistant" && !message.time.completed)
+    },
+    getCurrentCompaction() {
+      return db
+        .select()
+        .from(SessionMessageTable)
+        .where(and(eq(SessionMessageTable.session_id, sessionID), eq(SessionMessageTable.type, "compaction")))
+        .orderBy(desc(SessionMessageTable.id))
+        .all()
+        .map((row) => decodeMessage({ ...row.data, id: row.id, type: row.type }))
+        .find((message): message is SessionMessage.Compaction => message.type === "compaction")
+    },
+    getCurrentShell(callID) {
+      return db
+        .select()
+        .from(SessionMessageTable)
+        .where(and(eq(SessionMessageTable.session_id, sessionID), eq(SessionMessageTable.type, "shell")))
+        .orderBy(desc(SessionMessageTable.id))
+        .all()
+        .map((row) => decodeMessage({ ...row.data, id: row.id, type: row.type }))
+        .find((message): message is SessionMessage.Shell => message.type === "shell" && message.callID === callID)
+    },
+    updateAssistant(assistant) {
+      const { id, type, ...data } = assistant
+      db.update(SessionMessageTable)
+        .set({ data: encodeMessageData(data) })
+        .where(
+          and(
+            eq(SessionMessageTable.id, id),
+            eq(SessionMessageTable.session_id, sessionID),
+            eq(SessionMessageTable.type, type),
+          ),
+        )
+        .run()
+    },
+    updateCompaction(compaction) {
+      const { id, type, ...data } = compaction
+      db.update(SessionMessageTable)
+        .set({ data: encodeMessageData(data) })
+        .where(
+          and(
+            eq(SessionMessageTable.id, id),
+            eq(SessionMessageTable.session_id, sessionID),
+            eq(SessionMessageTable.type, type),
+          ),
+        )
+        .run()
+    },
+    updateShell(shell) {
+      const { id, type, ...data } = shell
+      db.update(SessionMessageTable)
+        .set({ data: encodeMessageData(data) })
+        .where(
+          and(
+            eq(SessionMessageTable.id, id),
+            eq(SessionMessageTable.session_id, sessionID),
+            eq(SessionMessageTable.type, type),
+          ),
+        )
+        .run()
+    },
+    appendMessage(message) {
+      const { id, type, ...data } = message
+      db.insert(SessionMessageTable)
+        .values([
+          {
+            id,
+            session_id: sessionID,
+            type,
+            time_created: DateTime.toEpochMillis(message.time.created),
+            data: encodeMessageData(data),
+          },
+        ])
+        .run()
+    },
+    finish() {},
+  }
+}
+
+function update(db: Database.TxOrDb, event: SessionEvent.Event) {
+  SessionMessageUpdater.update(sqlite(db, event.data.sessionID), event)
+}
+
+export default [
+  SyncEvent.project(SessionEvent.AgentSwitched.Sync, (db, data, event) => {
+    db.update(SessionTable)
+      .set({
+        agent: data.agent,
+        time_updated: DateTime.toEpochMillis(data.timestamp),
+      })
+      .where(eq(SessionTable.id, data.sessionID))
+      .run()
+    update(db, { id: SessionMessage.ID.make(event.id), type: "session.next.agent.switched", data })
+  }),
+  SyncEvent.project(SessionEvent.ModelSwitched.Sync, (db, data, event) => {
+    db.update(SessionTable)
+      .set({
+        model: {
+          id: data.id,
+          providerID: data.providerID,
+          variant: data.variant,
+        },
+        time_updated: DateTime.toEpochMillis(data.timestamp),
+      })
+      .where(eq(SessionTable.id, data.sessionID))
+      .run()
+    update(db, { id: SessionMessage.ID.make(event.id), type: "session.next.model.switched", data })
+  }),
+  SyncEvent.project(SessionEvent.Prompted.Sync, (db, data, event) => {
+    update(db, { id: SessionMessage.ID.make(event.id), type: "session.next.prompted", data })
+  }),
+  SyncEvent.project(SessionEvent.Synthetic.Sync, (db, data, event) => {
+    update(db, { id: SessionMessage.ID.make(event.id), type: "session.next.synthetic", data })
+  }),
+  SyncEvent.project(SessionEvent.Shell.Started.Sync, (db, data, event) => {
+    update(db, { id: SessionMessage.ID.make(event.id), type: "session.next.shell.started", data })
+  }),
+  SyncEvent.project(SessionEvent.Shell.Ended.Sync, (db, data, event) => {
+    update(db, { id: SessionMessage.ID.make(event.id), type: "session.next.shell.ended", data })
+  }),
+  SyncEvent.project(SessionEvent.Step.Started.Sync, (db, data, event) => {
+    update(db, { id: SessionMessage.ID.make(event.id), type: "session.next.step.started", data })
+  }),
+  SyncEvent.project(SessionEvent.Step.Ended.Sync, (db, data, event) => {
+    update(db, { id: SessionMessage.ID.make(event.id), type: "session.next.step.ended", data })
+  }),
+  SyncEvent.project(SessionEvent.Text.Started.Sync, (db, data, event) => {
+    update(db, { id: SessionMessage.ID.make(event.id), type: "session.next.text.started", data })
+  }),
+  SyncEvent.project(SessionEvent.Text.Delta.Sync, () => {}),
+  SyncEvent.project(SessionEvent.Text.Ended.Sync, (db, data, event) => {
+    update(db, { id: SessionMessage.ID.make(event.id), type: "session.next.text.ended", data })
+  }),
+  SyncEvent.project(SessionEvent.Tool.Input.Started.Sync, (db, data, event) => {
+    update(db, { id: SessionMessage.ID.make(event.id), type: "session.next.tool.input.started", data })
+  }),
+  SyncEvent.project(SessionEvent.Tool.Input.Delta.Sync, () => {}),
+  SyncEvent.project(SessionEvent.Tool.Input.Ended.Sync, (db, data, event) => {
+    update(db, { id: SessionMessage.ID.make(event.id), type: "session.next.tool.input.ended", data })
+  }),
+  SyncEvent.project(SessionEvent.Tool.Called.Sync, (db, data, event) => {
+    update(db, { id: SessionMessage.ID.make(event.id), type: "session.next.tool.called", data })
+  }),
+  SyncEvent.project(SessionEvent.Tool.Success.Sync, (db, data, event) => {
+    update(db, { id: SessionMessage.ID.make(event.id), type: "session.next.tool.success", data })
+  }),
+  SyncEvent.project(SessionEvent.Tool.Error.Sync, (db, data, event) => {
+    update(db, { id: SessionMessage.ID.make(event.id), type: "session.next.tool.error", data })
+  }),
+  SyncEvent.project(SessionEvent.Reasoning.Started.Sync, (db, data, event) => {
+    update(db, { id: SessionMessage.ID.make(event.id), type: "session.next.reasoning.started", data })
+  }),
+  SyncEvent.project(SessionEvent.Reasoning.Delta.Sync, () => {}),
+  SyncEvent.project(SessionEvent.Reasoning.Ended.Sync, (db, data, event) => {
+    update(db, { id: SessionMessage.ID.make(event.id), type: "session.next.reasoning.ended", data })
+  }),
+  SyncEvent.project(SessionEvent.Retried.Sync, (db, data, event) => {
+    update(db, { id: SessionMessage.ID.make(event.id), type: "session.next.retried", data })
+  }),
+  SyncEvent.project(SessionEvent.Compaction.Started.Sync, (db, data, event) => {
+    update(db, { id: SessionMessage.ID.make(event.id), type: "session.next.compaction.started", data })
+  }),
+  SyncEvent.project(SessionEvent.Compaction.Delta.Sync, () => {}),
+  SyncEvent.project(SessionEvent.Compaction.Ended.Sync, (db, data, event) => {
+    update(db, { id: SessionMessage.ID.make(event.id), type: "session.next.compaction.ended", data })
+  }),
+]

packages/opencode/src/session/projectors.ts

@@ -5,7 +5,8 @@ import { SyncEvent } from "@/sync"
 import * as Session from "./session"
 import { MessageV2 } from "./message-v2"
 import { SessionTable, MessageTable, PartTable } from "./session.sql"
-import * as Log from "@opencode-ai/core/util/log"
+import { Log } from "@opencode-ai/core/util/log"
+import nextProjectors from "./projectors-next"
 
 const log = Log.create({ service: "session.projector" })
 
@@ -136,4 +137,6 @@ export default [
       log.warn("ignored late part update", { partID: id, messageID, sessionID })
     }
   }),
+
+  ...nextProjectors,
 ]

packages/opencode/src/session/prompt.ts

@@ -41,6 +41,7 @@ import { Permission } from "@/permission"
 import { SessionStatus } from "./status"
 import { LLM } from "./llm"
 import { Shell } from "@/shell/shell"
+import { ShellID } from "@/tool/shell/id"
 import { AppFileSystem } from "@opencode-ai/core/filesystem"
 import { Truncate } from "@/tool/truncate"
 import { decodeDataUrl } from "@/util/data-url"
@@ -53,6 +54,13 @@ import { InstanceState } from "@/effect/instance-state"
 import { TaskTool, type TaskPromptOps } from "@/tool/task"
 import { SessionRunState } from "./run-state"
 import { EffectBridge } from "@/effect/bridge"
+import { EventV2 } from "@/v2/event"
+import { SessionEvent } from "@/v2/session-event"
+import { AgentAttachment, FileAttachment, Source } from "@/v2/session-prompt"
+import * as DateTime from "effect/DateTime"
+import { eq } from "@/storage/db"
+import * as Database from "@/storage/db"
+import { SessionTable } from "./session.sql"
 
 // @ts-ignore
 globalThis.AI_SDK_LOG_WARNINGS = false
@@ -784,20 +792,28 @@ NOTE: At any point in time through this workflow you should feel free to ask the
               providerID: model.providerID,
             }
             yield* sessions.updateMessage(msg)
+            const callID = ulid()
+            const started = Date.now()
             const part: MessageV2.ToolPart = {
               type: "tool",
               id: PartID.ascending(),
               messageID: msg.id,
               sessionID: input.sessionID,
-              tool: "bash",
+              tool: ShellID.ToolID,
               callID: ulid(),
               state: {
                 status: "running",
-                time: { start: Date.now() },
+                time: { start: started },
                 input: { command: input.command },
               },
             }
             yield* sessions.updatePart(part)
+            EventV2.run(SessionEvent.Shell.Started.Sync, {
+              sessionID: input.sessionID,
+              timestamp: DateTime.makeUnsafe(started),
+              callID,
+              command: input.command,
+            })
             return { msg, part, cwd: ctx.directory }
           }).pipe(Effect.ensuring(markReady))
 
@@ -812,14 +828,21 @@ NOTE: At any point in time through this workflow you should feel free to ask the
               if (aborted) {
                 output += "\n\n" + ["<metadata>", "User aborted the command", "</metadata>"].join("\n")
               }
+              const completed = Date.now()
+              EventV2.run(SessionEvent.Shell.Ended.Sync, {
+                sessionID: input.sessionID,
+                timestamp: DateTime.makeUnsafe(completed),
+                callID: part.callID,
+                output,
+              })
               if (!msg.time.completed) {
-                msg.time.completed = Date.now()
+                msg.time.completed = completed
                 yield* sessions.updateMessage(msg)
               }
               if (part.state.status === "running") {
                 part.state = {
                   status: "completed",
-                  time: { ...part.state.time, end: Date.now() },
+                  time: { ...part.state.time, end: completed },
                   input: part.state.input,
                   title: "",
                   metadata: { output, description: "" },
@@ -933,6 +956,34 @@ NOTE: At any point in time through this workflow you should feel free to ask the
         format: input.format,
       }
 
+      const current = Database.use((db) =>
+        db
+          .select({ agent: SessionTable.agent, model: SessionTable.model })
+          .from(SessionTable)
+          .where(eq(SessionTable.id, input.sessionID))
+          .get(),
+      )
+      if (current?.agent !== info.agent) {
+        EventV2.run(SessionEvent.AgentSwitched.Sync, {
+          sessionID: input.sessionID,
+          timestamp: DateTime.makeUnsafe(info.time.created),
+          agent: info.agent,
+        })
+      }
+      if (
+        current?.model?.providerID !== info.model.providerID ||
+        current.model.id !== info.model.modelID ||
+        current.model.variant !== info.model.variant
+      ) {
+        EventV2.run(SessionEvent.ModelSwitched.Sync, {
+          sessionID: input.sessionID,
+          timestamp: DateTime.makeUnsafe(info.time.created),
+          id: info.model.modelID,
+          providerID: info.model.providerID,
+          variant: info.model.variant,
+        })
+      }
+
       yield* Effect.addFinalizer(() => instruction.clear(info.id))
 
       type Draft<T> = T extends MessageV2.Part ? Omit<T, "id"> & { id?: string } : never
@@ -1249,6 +1300,69 @@ NOTE: At any point in time through this workflow you should feel free to ask the
 
       yield* sessions.updateMessage(info)
       for (const part of parts) yield* sessions.updatePart(part)
+      const nextPrompt = parts.reduce(
+        (result, part) => {
+          if (part.type === "text") {
+            if (part.synthetic) result.synthetic.push(part.text)
+            else result.text.push(part.text)
+          }
+          if (part.type === "file") {
+            result.files.push(
+              new FileAttachment({
+                uri: part.url,
+                mime: part.mime,
+                name: part.filename,
+                source: part.source
+                  ? new Source({
+                      start: part.source.text.start,
+                      end: part.source.text.end,
+                      text: part.source.text.value,
+                    })
+                  : undefined,
+              }),
+            )
+          }
+          if (part.type === "agent") {
+            result.agents.push(
+              new AgentAttachment({
+                name: part.name,
+                source: part.source
+                  ? new Source({
+                      start: part.source.start,
+                      end: part.source.end,
+                      text: part.source.value,
+                    })
+                  : undefined,
+              }),
+            )
+          }
+          return result
+        },
+        {
+          text: [] as string[],
+          files: [] as FileAttachment[],
+          agents: [] as AgentAttachment[],
+          synthetic: [] as string[],
+        },
+      )
+      // TODO(v2): Temporary dual-write while migrating session messages to v2 events.
+      EventV2.run(SessionEvent.Prompted.Sync, {
+        sessionID: input.sessionID,
+        timestamp: DateTime.makeUnsafe(info.time.created),
+        prompt: {
+          text: nextPrompt.text.join("\n"),
+          files: nextPrompt.files,
+          agents: nextPrompt.agents,
+        },
+      })
+      for (const text of nextPrompt.synthetic) {
+        // TODO(v2): Temporary dual-write while migrating session messages to v2 events.
+        EventV2.run(SessionEvent.Synthetic.Sync, {
+          sessionID: input.sessionID,
+          timestamp: DateTime.makeUnsafe(info.time.created),
+          text,
+        })
+      }
 
       return { info, parts }
     }, Effect.scoped)

packages/opencode/src/session/session.sql.ts

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { sqliteTable, text, integer, index, primaryKey } from "drizzle-orm/sqlite-core"
 import { ProjectTable } from "../project/project.sql"
 import type { MessageV2 } from "./message-v2"
-import type { SessionEntry } from "../v2/session-entry"
+import type { SessionMessage } from "../v2/session-message"
 import type { Snapshot } from "../snapshot"
 import type { Permission } from "../permission"
 import type { ProjectID } from "../project/schema"
@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ import { Timestamps } from "../storage/schema.sql"
 
 type PartData = Omit<MessageV2.Part, "id" | "sessionID" | "messageID">
 type InfoData = Omit<MessageV2.Info, "id" | "sessionID">
+type SessionMessageData = Omit<(typeof SessionMessage.Message)["Encoded"], "type" | "id">
 
 export const SessionTable = sqliteTable(
   "session",
@@ -34,6 +35,12 @@ export const SessionTable = sqliteTable(
     summary_diffs: text({ mode: "json" }).$type<Snapshot.FileDiff[]>(),
     revert: text({ mode: "json" }).$type<{ messageID: MessageID; partID?: PartID; snapshot?: string; diff?: string }>(),
     permission: text({ mode: "json" }).$type<Permission.Ruleset>(),
+    agent: text(),
+    model: text({ mode: "json" }).$type<{
+      id: string
+      providerID: string
+      variant?: string
+    }>(),
     ...Timestamps,
     time_compacting: integer(),
     time_archived: integer(),
@@ -96,22 +103,22 @@ export const TodoTable = sqliteTable(
   ],
 )
 
-export const SessionEntryTable = sqliteTable(
-  "session_entry",
+export const SessionMessageTable = sqliteTable(
+  "session_message",
   {
-    id: text().$type<SessionEntry.ID>().primaryKey(),
+    id: text().$type<SessionMessage.ID>().primaryKey(),
     session_id: text()
       .$type<SessionID>()
       .notNull()
       .references(() => SessionTable.id, { onDelete: "cascade" }),
-    type: text().$type<SessionEntry.Type>().notNull(),
+    type: text().$type<SessionMessage.Type>().notNull(),
     ...Timestamps,
-    data: text({ mode: "json" }).notNull().$type<Omit<SessionEntry.Entry, "type" | "id">>(),
+    data: text({ mode: "json" }).notNull().$type<SessionMessageData>(),
   },
   (table) => [
-    index("session_entry_session_idx").on(table.session_id),
-    index("session_entry_session_type_idx").on(table.session_id, table.type),
-    index("session_entry_time_created_idx").on(table.time_created),
+    index("session_message_session_idx").on(table.session_id),
+    index("session_message_session_type_idx").on(table.session_id, table.type),
+    index("session_message_time_created_idx").on(table.time_created),
   ],
 )
 

packages/opencode/src/session/session.ts

@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@ import { Snapshot } from "@/snapshot"
 import { ProjectID } from "../project/schema"
 import { WorkspaceID } from "../control-plane/schema"
 import { SessionID, MessageID, PartID } from "./schema"
+import { ModelID, ProviderID } from "@/provider/schema"
 
 import type { Provider } from "@/provider/provider"
 import { Permission } from "@/permission"
@@ -78,6 +79,14 @@ export function fromRow(row: SessionRow): Info {
     path: row.path ?? undefined,
     parentID: row.parent_id ?? undefined,
     title: row.title,
+    agent: row.agent ?? undefined,
+    model: row.model
+      ? {
+          id: ModelID.make(row.model.id),
+          providerID: ProviderID.make(row.model.providerID),
+          variant: row.model.variant,
+        }
+      : undefined,
     version: row.version,
     summary,
     share,
@@ -102,6 +111,8 @@ export function toRow(info: Info) {
     directory: info.directory,
     path: info.path,
     title: info.title,
+    agent: info.agent,
+    model: info.model,
     version: info.version,
     share_url: info.share?.url,
     summary_additions: info.summary?.additions,
@@ -160,6 +171,12 @@ const Revert = Schema.Struct({
   diff: optionalOmitUndefined(Schema.String),
 })
 
+const Model = Schema.Struct({
+  id: ModelID,
+  providerID: ProviderID,
+  variant: optionalOmitUndefined(Schema.String),
+})
+
 export const Info = Schema.Struct({
   id: SessionID,
   slug: Schema.String,
@@ -171,6 +188,8 @@ export const Info = Schema.Struct({
   summary: optionalOmitUndefined(Summary),
   share: optionalOmitUndefined(Share),
   title: Schema.String,
+  agent: optionalOmitUndefined(Schema.String),
+  model: optionalOmitUndefined(Model),
   version: Schema.String,
   time: Time,
   permission: optionalOmitUndefined(Permission.Ruleset),
@@ -201,6 +220,8 @@ export const CreateInput = Schema.optional(
   Schema.Struct({
     parentID: Schema.optional(SessionID),
     title: Schema.optional(Schema.String),
+    agent: Schema.optional(Schema.String),
+    model: Schema.optional(Model),
     permission: Schema.optional(Permission.Ruleset),
     workspaceID: Schema.optional(WorkspaceID),
   }),
@@ -272,6 +293,8 @@ const UpdatedInfo = Schema.Struct({
   summary: Schema.optional(Schema.NullOr(Summary)),
   share: Schema.optional(UpdatedShare),
   title: Schema.optional(Schema.NullOr(Schema.String)),
+  agent: Schema.optional(Schema.NullOr(Schema.String)),
+  model: Schema.optional(Schema.NullOr(Model)),
   version: Schema.optional(Schema.NullOr(Schema.String)),
   time: Schema.optional(UpdatedTime),
   permission: Schema.optional(Schema.NullOr(Permission.Ruleset)),
@@ -404,6 +427,8 @@ export interface Interface {
   readonly create: (input?: {
     parentID?: SessionID
     title?: string
+    agent?: string
+    model?: Schema.Schema.Type<typeof Model>
     permission?: Permission.Ruleset
     workspaceID?: WorkspaceID
   }) => Effect.Effect<Info>
@@ -464,6 +489,8 @@ export const layer: Layer.Layer<Service, never, Bus.Service | Storage.Service |
     const createNext = Effect.fn("Session.createNext")(function* (input: {
       id?: SessionID
       title?: string
+      agent?: string
+      model?: Schema.Schema.Type<typeof Model>
       parentID?: SessionID
       workspaceID?: WorkspaceID
       directory: string
@@ -481,6 +508,8 @@ export const layer: Layer.Layer<Service, never, Bus.Service | Storage.Service |
         workspaceID: input.workspaceID,
         parentID: input.parentID,
         title: input.title ?? createDefaultTitle(!!input.parentID),
+        agent: input.agent,
+        model: input.model,
         permission: input.permission,
         time: {
           created: Date.now(),
@@ -591,6 +620,8 @@ export const layer: Layer.Layer<Service, never, Bus.Service | Storage.Service |
     const create = Effect.fn("Session.create")(function* (input?: {
       parentID?: SessionID
       title?: string
+      agent?: string
+      model?: Schema.Schema.Type<typeof Model>
       permission?: Permission.Ruleset
       workspaceID?: WorkspaceID
     }) {
@@ -601,6 +632,8 @@ export const layer: Layer.Layer<Service, never, Bus.Service | Storage.Service |
         directory: ctx.directory,
         path: sessionPath(ctx.worktree, ctx.directory),
         title: input?.title,
+        agent: input?.agent,
+        model: input?.model,
         permission: input?.permission,
         workspaceID: input?.workspaceID ?? workspace,
       })

packages/opencode/src/storage/db.ts

@@ -122,6 +122,7 @@ export const Client = lazy(() => {
 })
 
 export function close() {
+  if (!Client.loaded()) return
   Client().$client.close()
   Client.reset()
 }

packages/opencode/src/sync/index.ts

@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ export type Properties<Def extends Definition = Definition> = EffectSchema.Schem
 
 export type SerializedEvent<Def extends Definition = Definition> = Event<Def> & { type: string }
 
-type ProjectorFunc = (db: Database.TxOrDb, data: unknown) => void
+type ProjectorFunc = (db: Database.TxOrDb, data: unknown, event: Event) => void
 type ConvertEvent = (type: string, data: Event["data"]) => unknown | Promise<unknown>
 type PublishContext = {
   instance?: InstanceContext
@@ -255,7 +255,7 @@ export function define<
 
 export function project<Def extends Definition>(
   def: Def,
-  func: (db: Database.TxOrDb, data: Event<Def>["data"]) => void,
+  func: (db: Database.TxOrDb, data: Event<Def>["data"], event: Event<Def>) => void,
 ): [Definition, ProjectorFunc] {
   return [def, func as ProjectorFunc]
 }
@@ -277,7 +277,7 @@ function process<Def extends Definition>(
   // idempotent: need to ignore any events already logged
 
   Database.transaction((tx) => {
-    projector(tx, event.data)
+    projector(tx, event.data, event)
 
     if (Flag.OPENCODE_EXPERIMENTAL_WORKSPACES) {
       tx.insert(EventSequenceTable)
@@ -308,7 +308,7 @@ function process<Def extends Definition>(
         }
 
         const result = convertEvent(def.type, event.data)
-        const publish = (data: unknown) => ProjectBus.publish(def, data as Properties<Def>)
+        const publish = (data: unknown) => ProjectBus.publish(def, data as Properties<Def>, { id: event.id })
         if (result instanceof Promise) {
           void result.then(publish)
         } else {

packages/opencode/src/tool/registry.ts

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { PlanExitTool } from "./plan"
 import { Session } from "@/session/session"
 import { QuestionTool } from "./question"
-import { BashTool } from "./bash"
+import { ShellTool } from "./shell"
 import { EditTool } from "./edit"
 import { GlobTool } from "./glob"
 import { GrepTool } from "./grep"
@@ -106,7 +106,7 @@ export const layer: Layer.Layer<
     const plan = yield* PlanExitTool
     const webfetch = yield* WebFetchTool
     const websearch = yield* WebSearchTool
-    const bash = yield* BashTool
+    const shell = yield* ShellTool
     const globtool = yield* GlobTool
     const writetool = yield* WriteTool
     const edit = yield* EditTool
@@ -195,7 +195,7 @@ export const layer: Layer.Layer<
 
         const tool = yield* Effect.all({
           invalid: Tool.init(invalid),
-          bash: Tool.init(bash),
+          shell: Tool.init(shell),
           read: Tool.init(read),
           glob: Tool.init(globtool),
           grep: Tool.init(greptool),
@@ -217,7 +217,7 @@ export const layer: Layer.Layer<
           builtin: [
             tool.invalid,
             ...(questionEnabled ? [tool.question] : []),
-            tool.bash,
+            tool.shell,
             tool.read,
             tool.glob,
             tool.grep,

packages/opencode/src/tool/shell.ts

@@ -1,12 +1,11 @@
-import { Schema } from "effect"
-import { PositiveInt } from "@/util/schema"
+import { Effect, Stream } from "effect"
 import os from "os"
 import { createWriteStream } from "node:fs"
 import * as Tool from "./tool"
 import path from "path"
-import DESCRIPTION from "./bash.txt"
 import * as Log from "@opencode-ai/core/util/log"
 import { containsPath, type InstanceContext } from "../project/instance-context"
+import { InstanceState } from "@/effect/instance-state"
 import { lazy } from "@/util/lazy"
 import { Language, type Node } from "web-tree-sitter"
 
@@ -14,20 +13,21 @@ import { AppFileSystem } from "@opencode-ai/core/filesystem"
 import { fileURLToPath } from "url"
 import { Config } from "@/config/config"
 import { Flag } from "@opencode-ai/core/flag/flag"
-import { Global } from "@opencode-ai/core/global"
 import { Shell } from "@/shell/shell"
+import { ShellID } from "./shell/id"
 
-import { BashArity } from "@/permission/arity"
 import * as Truncate from "./truncate"
 import { Plugin } from "@/plugin"
-import { Effect, Stream } from "effect"
 import { ChildProcess } from "effect/unstable/process"
 import { ChildProcessSpawner } from "effect/unstable/process/ChildProcessSpawner"
-import { InstanceState } from "@/effect/instance-state"
+import { ShellPrompt, type Parameters } from "./shell/prompt"
+import { BashArity } from "@/permission/arity"
+
+export { Parameters } from "./shell/prompt"
 
 const MAX_METADATA_LENGTH = 30_000
 const DEFAULT_TIMEOUT = Flag.OPENCODE_EXPERIMENTAL_BASH_DEFAULT_TIMEOUT_MS || 2 * 60 * 1000
-const CWD = new Set(["cd", "push-location", "set-location"])
+const CWD = new Set(["cd", "chdir", "popd", "pushd", "push-location", "set-location"])
 const FILES = new Set([
   ...CWD,
   "rm",
@@ -50,21 +50,23 @@ const FILES = new Set([
   "new-item",
   "rename-item",
 ])
+const CMD_FILES = new Set([
+  "copy",
+  "del",
+  "dir",
+  "erase",
+  "md",
+  "mkdir",
+  "move",
+  "rd",
+  "ren",
+  "rename",
+  "rmdir",
+  "type",
+])
 const FLAGS = new Set(["-destination", "-literalpath", "-path"])
 const SWITCHES = new Set(["-confirm", "-debug", "-force", "-nonewline", "-recurse", "-verbose", "-whatif"])
 
-export const Parameters = Schema.Struct({
-  command: Schema.String.annotate({ description: "The command to execute" }),
-  timeout: Schema.optional(PositiveInt).annotate({ description: "Optional timeout in milliseconds" }),
-  workdir: Schema.optional(Schema.String).annotate({
-    description: `The working directory to run the command in. Defaults to the current directory. Use this instead of 'cd' commands.`,
-  }),
-  description: Schema.String.annotate({
-    description:
-      "Clear, concise description of what this command does in 5-10 words. Examples:\nInput: ls\nOutput: Lists files in current directory\n\nInput: git status\nOutput: Shows working tree status\n\nInput: npm install\nOutput: Installs package dependencies\n\nInput: mkdir foo\nOutput: Creates directory 'foo'",
-  }),
-})
-
 type Part = {
   type: string
   text: string
@@ -81,7 +83,7 @@ type Chunk = {
   size: number
 }
 
-export const log = Log.create({ service: "bash-tool" })
+export const log = Log.create({ service: "shell-tool" })
 
 const resolveWasm = (asset: string) => {
   if (asset.startsWith("file://")) return fileURLToPath(asset)
@@ -187,11 +189,16 @@ function prefix(text: string) {
   return text.slice(0, match.index)
 }
 
-function pathArgs(list: Part[], ps: boolean) {
+function pathArgs(list: Part[], ps: boolean, cmd = false) {
   if (!ps) {
     return list
       .slice(1)
-      .filter((item) => !item.text.startsWith("-") && !(list[0]?.text === "chmod" && item.text.startsWith("+")))
+      .filter(
+        (item) =>
+          !item.text.startsWith("-") &&
+          !(cmd && item.text.startsWith("/")) &&
+          !(list[0]?.text === "chmod" && item.text.startsWith("+")),
+      )
       .map((item) => item.text)
   }
 
@@ -251,13 +258,13 @@ function tail(text: string, maxLines: number, maxBytes: number) {
   }
 }
 
-const parse = Effect.fn("BashTool.parse")(function* (command: string, ps: boolean) {
+const parse = Effect.fn("ShellTool.parse")(function* (command: string, ps: boolean) {
   const tree = yield* Effect.promise(() => parser().then((p) => (ps ? p.ps : p.bash).parse(command)))
   if (!tree) throw new Error("Failed to parse command")
   return tree
 })
 
-const ask = Effect.fn("BashTool.ask")(function* (ctx: Tool.Context, scan: Scan) {
+const ask = Effect.fn("ShellTool.ask")(function* (ctx: Tool.Context, scan: Scan) {
   if (scan.dirs.size > 0) {
     const globs = Array.from(scan.dirs).map((dir) => {
       if (process.platform === "win32") return AppFileSystem.normalizePathPattern(path.join(dir, "*"))
@@ -273,7 +280,7 @@ const ask = Effect.fn("BashTool.ask")(function* (ctx: Tool.Context, scan: Scan)
 
   if (scan.patterns.size === 0) return
   yield* ctx.ask({
-    permission: "bash",
+    permission: ShellID.ToolID,
     patterns: Array.from(scan.patterns),
     always: Array.from(scan.always),
     metadata: {},
@@ -325,9 +332,8 @@ const parser = lazy(async () => {
   return { bash, ps }
 })
 
-// TODO: we may wanna rename this tool so it works better on other shells
-export const BashTool = Tool.define(
-  "bash",
+export const ShellTool = Tool.define(
+  ShellID.ToolID,
   Effect.gen(function* () {
     const config = yield* Config.Service
     const spawner = yield* ChildProcessSpawner
@@ -335,7 +341,7 @@ export const BashTool = Tool.define(
     const trunc = yield* Truncate.Service
     const plugin = yield* Plugin.Service
 
-    const cygpath = Effect.fn("BashTool.cygpath")(function* (shell: string, text: string) {
+    const cygpath = Effect.fn("ShellTool.cygpath")(function* (shell: string, text: string) {
       const lines = yield* spawner
         .lines(ChildProcess.make(shell, ["-lc", 'cygpath -w -- "$1"', "_", text]))
         .pipe(Effect.catch(() => Effect.succeed([] as string[])))
@@ -344,7 +350,7 @@ export const BashTool = Tool.define(
       return AppFileSystem.normalizePath(file)
     })
 
-    const resolvePath = Effect.fn("BashTool.resolvePath")(function* (text: string, root: string, shell: string) {
+    const resolvePath = Effect.fn("ShellTool.resolvePath")(function* (text: string, root: string, shell: string) {
       if (process.platform === "win32") {
         if (Shell.posix(shell) && text.startsWith("/") && AppFileSystem.windowsPath(text) === text) {
           const file = yield* cygpath(shell, text)
@@ -355,7 +361,7 @@ export const BashTool = Tool.define(
       return path.resolve(root, text)
     })
 
-    const argPath = Effect.fn("BashTool.argPath")(function* (arg: string, cwd: string, ps: boolean, shell: string) {
+    const argPath = Effect.fn("ShellTool.argPath")(function* (arg: string, cwd: string, ps: boolean, shell: string) {
       const text = ps ? expand(arg, cwd, shell) : home(unquote(arg))
       const file = text && prefix(text)
       if (!file || dynamic(file, ps)) return
@@ -364,7 +370,7 @@ export const BashTool = Tool.define(
       return yield* resolvePath(next, cwd, shell)
     })
 
-    const collect = Effect.fn("BashTool.collect")(function* (
+    const collect = Effect.fn("ShellTool.collect")(function* (
       root: Node,
       cwd: string,
       ps: boolean,
@@ -376,14 +382,15 @@ export const BashTool = Tool.define(
         patterns: new Set<string>(),
         always: new Set<string>(),
       }
+      const shellKind = ShellID.toKind(Shell.name(shell))
 
       for (const node of commands(root)) {
         const command = parts(node)
         const tokens = command.map((item) => item.text)
-        const cmd = ps ? tokens[0]?.toLowerCase() : tokens[0]
+        const cmd = ps || shellKind === "cmd" ? tokens[0]?.toLowerCase() : tokens[0]
 
-        if (cmd && FILES.has(cmd)) {
-          for (const arg of pathArgs(command, ps)) {
+        if (cmd && (FILES.has(cmd) || (shellKind === "cmd" && CMD_FILES.has(cmd)))) {
+          for (const arg of pathArgs(command, ps, shellKind === "cmd")) {
             const resolved = yield* argPath(arg, cwd, ps, shell)
             log.info("resolved path", { arg, resolved })
             if (!resolved || containsPath(resolved, instance)) continue
@@ -401,7 +408,7 @@ export const BashTool = Tool.define(
       return scan
     })
 
-    const shellEnv = Effect.fn("BashTool.shellEnv")(function* (ctx: Tool.Context, cwd: string) {
+    const shellEnv = Effect.fn("ShellTool.shellEnv")(function* (ctx: Tool.Context, cwd: string) {
       const extra = yield* plugin.trigger(
         "shell.env",
         { cwd, sessionID: ctx.sessionID, callID: ctx.callID },
@@ -413,7 +420,7 @@ export const BashTool = Tool.define(
       }
     })
 
-    const run = Effect.fn("BashTool.run")(function* (
+    const run = Effect.fn("ShellTool.run")(function* (
       input: {
         shell: string
         command: string
@@ -527,7 +534,7 @@ export const BashTool = Tool.define(
       const meta: string[] = []
       if (expired) {
         meta.push(
-          `bash tool terminated command after exceeding timeout ${input.timeout} ms. If this command is expected to take longer and is not waiting for interactive input, retry with a larger timeout value in milliseconds.`,
+          `shell tool terminated command after exceeding timeout ${input.timeout} ms. If this command is expected to take longer and is not waiting for interactive input, retry with a larger timeout value in milliseconds.`,
         )
       }
       if (aborted) meta.push("User aborted the command")
@@ -546,7 +553,7 @@ export const BashTool = Tool.define(
       }
 
       if (meta.length > 0) {
-        output += "\n\n<bash_metadata>\n" + meta.join("\n") + "\n</bash_metadata>"
+        output += "\n\n<shell_metadata>\n" + meta.join("\n") + "\n</shell_metadata>"
       }
       if (sink) {
         const stream = sink
@@ -577,25 +584,14 @@ export const BashTool = Tool.define(
         const cfg = yield* config.get()
         const shell = Shell.acceptable(cfg.shell)
         const name = Shell.name(shell)
-        const chain =
-          name === "powershell"
-            ? "If the commands depend on each other and must run sequentially, avoid '&&' in this shell because Windows PowerShell 5.1 does not support it. Use PowerShell conditionals such as `cmd1; if ($?) { cmd2 }` when later commands must depend on earlier success."
-            : "If the commands depend on each other and must run sequentially, use a single Bash call with '&&' to chain them together (e.g., `git add . && git commit -m \"message\" && git push`). For instance, if one operation must complete before another starts (like mkdir before cp, Write before Bash for git operations, or git add before git commit), run these operations sequentially instead."
-        log.info("bash tool using shell", { shell })
-
         const limits = yield* trunc.limits()
-        const instance = yield* InstanceState.context
+        const prompt = ShellPrompt.render(name, process.platform, limits)
+        log.info("shell tool using shell", { shell })
 
         return {
-          description: DESCRIPTION.replaceAll("${directory}", instance.directory)
-            .replaceAll("${tmp}", Global.Path.tmp)
-            .replaceAll("${os}", process.platform)
-            .replaceAll("${shell}", name)
-            .replaceAll("${chaining}", chain)
-            .replaceAll("${maxLines}", String(limits.maxLines))
-            .replaceAll("${maxBytes}", String(limits.maxBytes)),
-          parameters: Parameters,
-          execute: (params: Schema.Schema.Type<typeof Parameters>, ctx: Tool.Context) =>
+          description: prompt.description,
+          parameters: prompt.parameters,
+          execute: (params: Parameters, ctx: Tool.Context) =>
             Effect.gen(function* () {
               const executeInstance = yield* InstanceState.context
               const cwd = params.workdir

packages/opencode/src/tool/shell/id.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+const kinds = ["bash", "pwsh", "powershell", "cmd"] as const
+export type Kind = (typeof kinds)[number]
+
+const shellKinds = new Set<string>(kinds)
+
+function isKind(value: string): value is Kind {
+  return shellKinds.has(value)
+}
+
+export function toKind(value: string): Kind {
+  return isKind(value) ? value : "bash"
+}
+
+// Keep the exposed tool ID and permission key as "bash" for compatibility with
+// existing plugins, users, and saved permissions. Rename with opencode 2.0.
+export const ToolID = "bash"
+export type ToolID = typeof ToolID
+
+export * as ShellID from "./id"