From 77c6c470019d62501282530c8ae85b524b79c83a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: DoTheEvo Date: Sat, 19 Jul 2025 01:58:15 +0200 Subject: [PATCH] update --- opnsense/readme.md | 174 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++--- 1 file changed, 165 insertions(+), 9 deletions(-) diff --git a/opnsense/readme.md b/opnsense/readme.md index 30de6da..30b21d9 100644 --- a/opnsense/readme.md +++ b/opnsense/readme.md @@ -22,11 +22,11 @@ Can be installed on a physical server or in a virtual machine. # Installation and Hardware choice -If you can, avoid machines with broadcom network cards +If you can, **avoid** machines with realtek/broadcom network cards as their driver in FreeBSD is bad and you can have lots of problems.
-If you have broadcom based machine then the best way is to install hypervisor +If you have such a machine then the best way is to install hypervisor on the metal and install opnsense as a virtual machine. -But it can turn in to a lot of work and learning. +But it can turn in to a lot of work and learning and worse NICs performance. General install: @@ -270,6 +270,92 @@ but that is because it was installed manually using pkg. +
+

Proxmox

 + +# Networking + +* Datacenter > Your host (node) > Network +* See physical interfaces, label them LAN and WAN +* Crete a new `Linux Bridge` for interfaces planed to be used
+ fill the `Bridge ports` with the name of physical nic you see + in the main interface like `enp2s0` and also give description LAN and WAN +* click apply at the top + +Now theres a complication. You create a new VM for opnsense and connect both +linux bridges to it and you start making changes in opnsense with the IP +addresses.. you are risking losing the ability to connect to proxmox webgui. + +So now the plan is to assign secondary static IP to the LAN bridge.
+Can't be done through gui, need to ssh on to proxmox and edit a file, +adding the post-up line to your LAN side linux bridge as shown below, +where 10.200.200.10/24 is added. + +`/etc/network/interfaces` +``` +auto vmbr0 +iface vmbr0 inet static + address 10.0.19.75/24 + gateway 10.0.19.2 + bridge-ports enp2s0 + bridge-stp off + bridge-fd 0 + dns-nameservers 1.1.1.1 8.8.8.8 + post-up ip addr add 10.200.200.10/24 dev vmbr0 +``` + +# opnsense create VM + +[Youtube](https://youtu.be/VcTGKBHcqmk) + +* Create VM +* General + * check advanced checkbox + * Name; Start at boot; Start-shutdown order - 1; Delay - 5 +* OS + * Iso image - opnsense + * Type - Linux + * Version - 6x +* System + * Machine - q35 + * Bios - UEFI + * EFI Storage - the default local-lvm + * Qemu Agent - check +* Disks + * Disk size set + * SSD emulation check + * the rest is default +* CPU + * set number of cores + * Type - Host + * AES - enable +* Memory + * set desired size +* Networks + * can only pick one interface so whatever LAN or WAN + * Model - VirtIO paravirtualized + * firewall - uncheck + * Multiqueue - same as the number of cpu vCores +* Confirm + * do not start boot yet, just confirm +* VM - opnsense + * hardware - add network device + * Breidge - the other ones created before + * firewall - disable + * Multiqueue - 4 +* Start - Console - Esc key + * Device Manager - Secure Boot - Attempt secure boot - disable - F10 - reset + + +After the initial setup and updates, +install qemu agent plugin `os-qemu-guest-agent`
+System > Firmware > Plugins + +--- +--- + +
+ --- --- @@ -289,6 +375,15 @@ Afterwards you have a working router/firewall with WAN side and LAN side, Unbound for DNS and ISC or KEA for DHCP.
The default NAT and firewall enforces basic stuff. +### Some extra settings + +* I like to go and disable IPv6 + on all interfaces - `IPv6 Configuration Type` - none.
+ It hides noise in options and if running as a VM it also does not bother + showing ipv6 ip in hypervisor info. +* If runnig in a hypervisor dont forget guest agent. +* + # Users Good practice is to create a new administrator user and disable the root account. @@ -312,6 +407,9 @@ Be aware it will also disable console login not just webGUI. * `System: Access: Users` * root; edit; disable; save +tip - when ssh or console in, `sudo su` will switch you to the root user +that shows that custom menu + # DHCP [Official docs](https://docs.opnsense.org/manual/dnsmasq.html) @@ -325,6 +423,8 @@ But since it's not yet the default, here are the steps. The simple dnsmasq setup. +* Disable the default ISC DHCPv4
+ `Services: ISC DHCPv4: [interface name]` - uncheck enabled; save * Make sure other DHCP services are disabled
`Lobby: Dashboard` section Services should not list any dhcp * configure dnsmasq
@@ -336,8 +436,7 @@ The simple dnsmasq setup. * DHCP authoritative - check * DHCP register firewall rules - check * DHCP ranges tab - * add a new range
- * select the interface + * set the interface * set the `Start address` and the `End address` * Lease time, I like 10 days - `864000` for small number of devices networks @@ -369,13 +468,14 @@ vlan tag will be `30`, the subnest will be `10.30.30.0/24` * Enable and configure the new interface - `Interfaces: [vlan30cameras]` * enable it * IPv4 Configuration Type - Static IPv4 - * IPv4 address, let's say `10.30.30.1/24` + * IPv4 address, let's say `10.30.30.1/24`
+ really dont forget to change that 32 to 24 * apply -* Enable DHCP for this new VLAN - `Services: ISC DHCPv4: [vlan30cameras]` - * Enable it +* Enable DHCP for this new VLAN - `Services: Dnsmasq DNS & DHCP : DHCP ranges` + * add new and set the interface * Range - `10.30.30.50` to `10.30.30.200` * Save -* in lobby dashboard Services - `KEA DHCPv4 server` should be running +* in lobby dashboard Services - `Dnsmasq DNS/DHCP` should be running
If running opnsense as a virtual machine.
 @@ -387,6 +487,13 @@ interfaces. Xcpng is doing tagging and untagging, for opnsense they are just NIC * Assing them * Assign them static IPv4 address +### proxmox + +If nothing else runs on the proxmox just opnsense VM and proxmox itself +does not need to be vlan aware - to have some other vm on specific vlan... +then nothing really needs changing - lan wan interface, default vlan aware off, +opnsense will be in charge. + ### ESXI @@ -640,6 +747,55 @@ Assuming you are not in the country from which these run their test. --- --- +
+

Wireguard

 + +[The official docs](https://docs.opnsense.org/manual/how-tos/wireguard-client.html) + +Tested this once, following [random](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fuXvSkGy_as) +video from 2025 and it just worked.
+I am usually on wg-easy deployment in docker, but might start using this soon... + +* **new wireguard instance**
+ `VPN: WireGuard: Instances`
+ * Name - Wireguard1 + * Generate new keys - gear icon + * Listen port - 51820 + * Tunnel address - 10.51.51.0/24 + * save +* **add peers** that will be connecting
+ `VPN: WireGuard: Peer generator`
+ * Name - roadwarrior1 + * Allowed IPs - 10.0.0.0/24
+ this setting tells road warrior OS which IPs/subnet route through + the tunnel. + * DNS Servers - if want to use DNS at the other side of the tunnel + * copy config, as it will be lost once saved +* **Assign wireguard interface**
+ `Interfaces: Assignments` + * should be at the bottom of the page, just add description + * open it and enable it, no other changes +* **Firewall rules** + * `Firewall: Rules: WAN`
+ New rule - Pass | WAN | In | IPv4 | UDP | Destination - WAN address | + Destination Port range - Other - 51820 to 51820 | Log | Description + * `Firewall: Rules: wireguard1`
+ New rule - basicly all default and all pass
+ Pass | wireguard1 | In | IPv4 | Any | Destination - any | + Port range - any | Description +* **Normalization** - MSS clamping to prevent large frames
+ `Firewall: Settings: Normalization` + * Add new rule + * Interface - WireGuard (group) + * direction - Any + * Protocol - Any + * Description + * Max mss - 1360 + +
+ +--- +---

Monitoring